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Gettingstartedwithmatlabimageprocessing
- 2. Introduction
Cleve molar in 1984, Mathworks inc
Introduced as a simulation tool
Supports Graphical Programming
Can be interfaced with other High
Level languages
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- 3. Applications
• Aerospace
• Biometrics
• Medical
• Finance
• Control System
• Signal,Image,Audio and Video
• Neural networks,Fuzzy logic
• Animation
Technology beyond the Dreams™ Copyright © 2006 Pantech Solutions Pvt Ltd.
- 4. List of Companies
• ADOBE (Photoshop)
• NASA
• GE
• L&T
• ROBERT BOSCH
• PEPSI , COCACOLA (Neuro Marketing)
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- 5. File Extensions
.fig
MATLAB Figure
.m
MATLAB function, script, or class
.mat
MATLAB binary file for storing variables
.mex
MATLAB executable (platform specific, e.g. ".mexmac" for the
Mac, ".mexglx" for Linux, etc.)
.p
MATLAB content-obscured .m file (result of pcode() )
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- 6. Difference between C and Matlab
• Matlab is Proprietary compiler,C has open source.
• Inbuilt Functions in Matlab(Application Oriented).
• User friendly syntax.
• Fourth generation Programming Language tool.
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- 7. Desktop Tools
• Command Window
– type commands
• Workspace
– view program variables
– clear to clear
– double click on a variable to see it in the Array Editor
• Command History
– view past commands
– save a whole session using diary
• Launch Pad
– access tools, demos and documentation
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- 9. Change the current working
directory
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- 10. Arithmetic operators
1) plus - Plus +
2) uplus - Unary plus +
3) minus - Minus -
4) uminus - Unary minus -
5) mtimes - Matrix multiply *
6) times - Array multiply .*
7) mpower - Matrix power ^
8) power - Array power .^
9) mldivide - Backslash or left matrix divide
10) mrdivide - Slash or right matrix divide /
11) ldivide - Left array divide .
12) rdivide - Right array divide ./
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- 11. Relational operators
1) eq - Equal ==
2) ne - Not equal ~=
3) lt - Less than <
4) gt - Greater than >
5) le - Less than or equal <=
6) ge - Greater than or equal >=
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- 12. Logical operators
1) Short-circuit logical AND &&
2) Short-circuit logical OR ||
3) and - Element-wise logical AND &
4) or - Element-wise logical OR |
5) not - Logical NOT ~
6) xor - Logical EXCLUSIVE OR
7) any - True if any element of vector is nonzero
8) all - True if all elements of vector are nonzero
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- 13. BITWISE OPERATORS
1) bitand - Bit-wise AND.
2) bitcmp - Complement bits.
3) bitor - Bit-wise OR.
4) bitmax - Maximum floating point
integer.
5) bitxor - Bit-wise XOR.
6) bitset - Set bit.
7) bitget - Get bit.
8) bitshift - Bit-wise shift.
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- 14. Vectors
a = [1 2 3 4 5 6 9 8 7] ;
t = 0:2:20
t = 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
b = a + 2
b = 3 4 5 6 7 8 11 10 9
c = a + b
c = 4 6 8 10 12 14 20 18 16
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- 15. Matrices
B = [1 2 3 4;5 6 7 8;9 10 11 12] ;
B = 1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8
9 10 11 12
C = B'
C = 1 5 9
2 6 10
3 7 11
4 8 12
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- 16. Basic matrix operators
X = inv(E) ;%INVERSE OF THE MATRIX
[A,H] = eig(E) %eigen value &vector
p = poly(E) %polynomial
c = abs(y) ;
D=min(a);
D=max(a);
• Convolution
x = [1 2];
y = [1 4 8];
z = conv(x,y)
[xx, R] = deconv(z,y)
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- 17. PLOT
t=0:0.25:7;
y = sin(t);
plot(t,y) ;
xlabel('x axis');
ylabel('y axis');
title('Heading');
grid on;
gtext('text');
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- 18. IF LOOP
a=6;
if a > 6
disp('a is greater');
elseif a==0
disp('a is zero');
else
disp('a is smaller');
end
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- 19. FOR LOOP
a=5;
for i=1:5
a=a+1
end
disp(a);
ANS a =10
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- 20. While Loop
a=5;
while a < 10
a=a+1;
end
disp(a);
Ans a =10
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- 21. Function
function c=add(a,b);
c=a+b;
return
Main
a=5;
b=6;
c=add(a,b);
disp(c);
d=mul(a,b);
disp(d);
function c=mul(a,b);
c=a*b;
return
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- 22. SWITCH CASE
method = 'Bilinear';
switch lower(METHOD)
case {'linear','bilinear'}
disp('Method is linear')
case 'cubic'
disp('Method is cubic')
case 'nearest'
disp('Method is nearest')
otherwise
disp('Unknown method.')
end
Ans Method is linear
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- 23. SWITCH (NUMERICAL)
a=input('enter---->');
switch a
case 1
fprintf('one');
case 2
fprintf('two');
case 3
fprintf('three');
case 4
fprintf('four');
otherwise
fprintf('otherwise');
end
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- 24. How to read an image
a =imread('cameraman.tif');
imshow(a);
pixval on;
a =imread('flowers.tif');
imshow(a);
pixval on;
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- 25. How to read an audio file
a =wavread('test.wav');
wavplay(a,44100);
Plot(a);
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- 26. How to read an video file
a=aviread('movie.avi');
movie(a);
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- 27. Add two images
I = imread('rice.tif');
J = imread('cameraman.tif');
K = imadd(I,J,'uint16');
imshow(K,[])
I = imread('rice.tif');
J = imadd(I,50);
subplot(1,2,1), imshow(I)
subplot(1,2,2), imshow(J)
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- 28. Subtract two images
I = imread('rice.tif');
Iq = imsubtract(I,50);
subplot(1,2,1), imshow(I)
subplot(1,2,2), imshow(Iq)
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- 29. Convert image to gray and binary
clc;
clear;
close all
a= imread('flowers.tif');
subplot(2,2,1);
imshow(a);
subplot(2,2,2);
b=imresize(a,[256 256]);
imshow(b);
subplot(2,2,3);
c=rgb2gray(b);
imshow(c);
subplot(2,2,4);
d=im2bw(c);
imshow(d);
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- 30. RGB component
a=imread('flowers.tif');
subplot(2,2,1);
imshow(a);
R=a;
G=a;
B=a;
R(:,:,2:3)=0;
subplot(2,2,2);
imshow(R);
G(:,:,1)=0;
G(:,:,3)=0;
subplot(2,2,3);
imshow(G);
B(:,:,1)=0;
B(:,:,2)=0;
subplot(2,2,4);
imshow(B);
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- 31. Convert Image into One dimensional
a = imread('cameraman.tif');
[r c]=size(a);
Len=r*c;
b=reshape(a,[1 Len]);
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- 32. CONVER MOVIE TO FRAMES
file=aviinfo('movie1.avi'); % to get inforamtaion abt video file
frm_cnt=file.NumFrames % No.of frames in the video file
str2='.bmp'
h = waitbar(0,'Please wait...');
for i=1:frm_cnt
frm(i)=aviread(filename,i); % read the Video file
frm_name=frame2im(frm(i)); % Convert Frame to image file
frm_name=rgb2gray(frm_name);%convert gray
filename1=strcat(strcat(num2str(i)),str2);
imwrite(frm_name,filename1); % Write image file
waitbar(i/frm_cnt,h)
end
close(h)
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- 33. CONVERT FRAMES TO MOVIES
frm_cnt=5;
number_of_frames=frm_cnt;
filetype='.bmp';
display_time_of_frame=1;
mov = avifile('MOVIE.avi');
count=0;
for i=1:number_of_frames
name1=strcat(num2str(i),filetype);
a=imread(name1);
while count<display_time_of_frame
count=count+1;
imshow(a);
F=getframe(gca);
mov=addframe(mov,F);
end
count=0;
end
mov=close(mov);
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- 34. How to read a text file
fid = fopen('message.txt','r');
ice1= fread(fid);
s = char(ice1');
fclose(fid);
disp(s);
Ans hello
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- 35. How to write a text file
txt=[65 67 68 69];
fid = fopen('output.txt','wb');
fwrite(fid,char(txt),'char');
fclose(fid);
ANS =ACDE
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- 36. Store an Image,Audio
a =imread('cameraman.tif');
imwrite(a,'new.bmp');
a=wavread('test.wav');
wavwrite(d,44100,16,'nTEST.WAV');
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- 37. SAVE AND LOAD THE VARIABLE
A=5;
save A A;
load A
B=1;
C=A+B;
disp(C);
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- 38. Wavelet transform
a =imread('cameraman.tif');
[LL LH HL HH]=dwt2(a,'haar');
Dec=[...
LL,LH
HL,HH
...
];
imshow(Dec,[]);
Technology beyond the Dreams™ Copyright © 2006 Pantech Solutions Pvt Ltd.
- 39. DCT transform
a=imread('cameraman.tif');
subplot(1,3,1);imshow(a,[]);
b=dct2(a);
subplot(1,3,2);imshow(b,[]);title('DCT');
c=idct2(b);
subplot(1,3,3);imshow(c,[]);title('IDCT');
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- 40. NOISE AND FILTER
I = imread('eight.tif');
J = imnoise(I,'salt & pepper',0.02);
K = medfilt2(J);
subplot(1,2,1);imshow(J)
subplot(1,2,2);imshow(K)
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- 42. DIALOG BOX
warndlg('hello'); helpdlg('hello'); errordlg('hello');
msgbox('hello');
Technology beyond the Dreams™ Copyright © 2006 Pantech Solutions Pvt Ltd.
- 43. ButtonName=questdlg('What is your wish?', ...
'Genie Question', ...
'Food','Clothing','Money','Money');
switch ButtonName,
case 'Food',
disp('Food is delivered');
case 'Clothing',
disp('The Emperor''s new clothes have arrived.')
case 'Money',
disp('A ton of money falls out the sky.');
end % switch
Technology beyond the Dreams™ Copyright © 2006 Pantech Solutions Pvt Ltd.
- 44. USER INTERFACE GET FILE
[filename, pathname] = uigetfile('*.m', 'Pick an M-file');
if isequal(filename,0) | isequal(pathname,0)
disp('User pressed cancel')
else
disp(['User selected ', fullfile(pathname, filename)])
end
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- 45. USER INTERFACE PUT FILE
[filename, pathname] = uiputfile('*.m', 'Pick an M-file');
if isequal(filename,0) | isequal(pathname,0)
disp('User pressed cancel')
else
disp(['User selected ', fullfile(pathname, filename)])
end
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- 62. M FILE EDITOR
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- 67. GENERATED M FILE
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- 69. RIGHT CLICK PUSH BUTTON & GO
FOR PROPERTY INSPECTOR
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- 70. CHANGE THE STRING AND TAG
VALUE
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- 71. CHANGE THE STRING AND TAG
VALUE
Technology beyond the Dreams™ Copyright © 2006 Pantech Solutions Pvt Ltd.
- 72. RIGHT CLICK PUSH BUTTON & GO
FOR M FILE EDITOR
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- 73. GO FOR CALLBACK
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- 74. WRITE THE CODE BELOW THE
CALLBACK
a =imread('cameraman.tif');
imshow(a);
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- 75. RUN THE PROGRAM OR PRESS F5
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- 78. RIGHT CLICK AXES & GO FOR
PROPERTY INSPECTOR
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- 79. CHANGE THE STRING AND TAG
VALUE
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- 80. WRITE THE CODE BELOW THE
CALLBACK
a =imread('cameraman.tif');
axes(handles.one);
imshow(a);
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- 81. RUN THE PROGRAM
Technology beyond the Dreams™ Copyright © 2006 Pantech Solutions Pvt Ltd.
- 84. RIGHT CLICK TOGGLE & GO FOR
PROPERTY INSPECTOR
Technology beyond the Dreams™ Copyright © 2006 Pantech Solutions Pvt Ltd.
- 85. CHANGE THE STRING AND TAG
VALUE
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- 86. RIGHT CLICK TOGGLE & GO FOR M
FILE EDITOR
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- 87. WRITE THE CODE BELOW THE
CALLBACK
a=get(hObject,'Value');
if a ==1
a =imread('cameraman.tif');
axes(handles.one);
imshow(a);
else
a =imread('greens.jpg');
axes(handles.one);
imshow(a);
end
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- 88. RUN THE PROGRAM
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- 89. RIGHT CLICK RADIO BUTTON & GO
FOR PROPERTY INSPECTOR
Technology beyond the Dreams™ Copyright © 2006 Pantech Solutions Pvt Ltd.
- 90. CHANGE THE STRING AND TAG
VALUE
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- 91. RIGHT CLICK CHECK BOX & GO
FOR MFILE EDITOR
Technology beyond the Dreams™ Copyright © 2006 Pantech Solutions Pvt Ltd.
- 92. WRITE THE CODE BELOW THE
CALLBACK
Technology beyond the Dreams™ Copyright © 2006 Pantech Solutions Pvt Ltd.
- 93. RUN THE PROGRAM
Technology beyond the Dreams™ Copyright © 2006 Pantech Solutions Pvt Ltd.
- 94. RIGHT CLICK CHECK BOX & GO
FOR PROPERTY INSPECTOR
Technology beyond the Dreams™ Copyright © 2006 Pantech Solutions Pvt Ltd.
- 95. CHANGE THE STRING AND TAG
VALUE
Technology beyond the Dreams™ Copyright © 2006 Pantech Solutions Pvt Ltd.
- 96. RIGHT CLICK CHECK BOX & GO
FOR M FILE EDITOR
Technology beyond the Dreams™ Copyright © 2006 Pantech Solutions Pvt Ltd.
- 97. WRITE THE CODE BELOW THE
CALLBACK
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- 98. RUN THE PROGRAM
Technology beyond the Dreams™ Copyright © 2006 Pantech Solutions Pvt Ltd.
- 99. RIGHT CLICK FRAME & SEND TO
BACK
Technology beyond the Dreams™ Copyright © 2006 Pantech Solutions Pvt Ltd.
- 100. RUN THE PROGRAM
Technology beyond the Dreams™ Copyright © 2006 Pantech Solutions Pvt Ltd.
- 101. RIGHT CLICK LIST BOX & GO FOR
PROPERTY INSPECTOR
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- 102. EDIT THE STRING OPTIONS
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- 103. RIGHT CLICK LIST BOX & GO FOR M
FILE EDITOR
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- 104. WRITE THE CODE BELOW THE
CALLBACK contents = get(hObject,'Value')
switch contents
case 1
a =imread('cameraman.tif');
axes(handles.one);
imshow(a);
case 2
a =imread('flowers.tif');
axes(handles.one);
imshow(a);
case 3
a =imread('rice.tif');
axes(handles.one);
imshow(a);
otherwise
a =imread('mri.tif');
axes(handles.one);
imshow(a);
end
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- 106. RIGHT CLICK POPUP MENU & GO
FOR PROPERTY INSPECTOR
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- 107. EDIT THE STRING OPTIONS
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- 108. WRITE THE CODE
contents = get(hObject,'Value')
switch contents
case 1
a =imread('cameraman.tif');
axes(handles.one);
imshow(a);
case 2
a =imread('flowers.tif');
axes(handles.one);
imshow(a);
case 3
a =imread('rice.tif');
axes(handles.one);
imshow(a);
otherwise
a =imread('mri.tif');
axes(handles.one);
imshow(a);
end
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- 109. RIGHT CLICK EDIT TEXT & GO FOR
PROPERTY INSPECTOR
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- 110. EDIT STRING AND TAG
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- 111. RIGHT CLICK EDIT TEXT & GO FOR
M FILE EDITOR
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- 112. RIGHT CLICK AXES & GO FOR
PROPERTY INSPECTOR
Technology beyond the Dreams™ Copyright © 2006 Pantech Solutions Pvt Ltd.
- 114. WRITE THE CODE BELOW THE
CALLBACK
Technology beyond the Dreams™ Copyright © 2006 Pantech Solutions Pvt Ltd.
- 115. WRITE THE CODE BELOW THE
CALLBACK
a=get(hObject,'String') ;
b=char(a);
c=imread(b);
axes(handles.one);
imshow(c);
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- 116. RIGHT CLICK STATIC TEXT & GO
FOR PROPERTY INSPECTOR
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- 117. CHANGE THE STRING AND TAG
VALUE
Technology beyond the Dreams™ Copyright © 2006 Pantech Solutions Pvt Ltd.
- 118. WRITE THE CODE BELOW THE
CALLBACK
a=get(hObject,'String') ;
set(handles.t1,'String',a);
b=char(a);
c=imread(b);
axes(handles.one);
imshow(c);
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- 120. RIGHT CLICK SLIDER & GO FOR
PROPERTY INSPECTOR
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- 121. DROP TWO AXES
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- 122. DROP PUSH BUTTON
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- 123. CHANGE THE STRING AND TAG
VALUE
Technology beyond the Dreams™ Copyright © 2006 Pantech Solutions Pvt Ltd.
- 124. GO FOR CALLBACK
Technology beyond the Dreams™ Copyright © 2006 Pantech Solutions Pvt Ltd.
- 125. WRITE THE CODE BELOW THE
CALLBACK
[filename, pathname] = uigetfile('*.bmp', 'Pick an Image');
if isequal(filename,0) | isequal(pathname,0)
warndlg('User pressed cancel')
else
a=imread(filename);
axes(handles.axes1);
imshow(a);
handles.filename=filename;
guidata(hObject, handles);
end
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- 126. RIGHT CLICK SLIDER & GO FOR M
FILE EDITOR
Technology beyond the Dreams™ Copyright © 2006 Pantech Solutions Pvt Ltd.
- 128. WRITE THE CODE BELOW THE
CALLBACK
Technology beyond the Dreams™ Copyright © 2006 Pantech Solutions Pvt Ltd.
- 129. RUN THE PROGRAM
a=get(hObject,'Value');
filename =handles.filename;
I = imread(filename);
J = imadd(I,50);
axes(handles.axes2);
imshow(J)
Technology beyond the Dreams™ Copyright © 2006 Pantech Solutions Pvt Ltd.
- 132. EDIT STRING AND TAG
Technology beyond the Dreams™ Copyright © 2006 Pantech Solutions Pvt Ltd.
- 134. Counting the Number of Objects in
an Image
clc;
clear;
close all;
InputImage=imread('eight.tif');
subplot(2,2,1);
imshow(InputImage);title('InputImage');
BinaryImage=im2bw(InputImage);
subplot(2,2,2);
imshow(BinaryImage);
ComplementImage=imcomplement(BinaryImage);
subplot(2,2,3);
imshow(ComplementImage);
HolesClearedImage = imfill(ComplementImage,'holes');
subplot(2,2,4);
imshow(HolesClearedImage);title('HolesClearedImage');
[L,Num] = bwlabel(HolesClearedImage)
for i=1:Num
figure;
imshow(L==i);
pause(1)
end
Technology beyond the Dreams™ Copyright © 2006 Pantech Solutions Pvt Ltd.
- 135. Thresholding Based Segmentation-
Con 1
• clc;
• clear;
• close all;
• InputImage=imread('34.bmp');
• figure;
• imshow(InputImage);
• ColourSpaceConversion=rgb2hsv(InputImage);
• imshow(ColourSpaceConversion);
• %GrayScaleImage=rgb2gray(ColourSpaceConversion);
• GrayScaleImage=ColourSpaceConversion(:,:,1);
• [rows columns planes]=size(GrayScaleImage);
• BinaryMask= GrayScaleImage > 0.5;
• figure;
• imshow(BinaryMask);
• Impixelinfo
• h = waitbar(0,'Please wait...');
• SegmentedImage=[];
Technology beyond the Dreams™ Copyright © 2006 Pantech Solutions Pvt Ltd.
- 136. Cont 2
for i=1:rows
for j=1:columns
if BinaryMask(i,j) == 1
SegmentedImage(i,j,1)=InputImage(i,j,1);
SegmentedImage(i,j,2)=InputImage(i,j,2);
SegmentedImage(i,j,3)=InputImage(i,j,3);
else
SegmentedImage(i,j,1)=0;
SegmentedImage(i,j,2)=0;
SegmentedImage(i,j,3)=0;
end
end
waitbar(i/rows,h)
end
SegmentedImage=uint8(SegmentedImage);
figure;
imshow(SegmentedImage);
impixelinfo;
Technology beyond the Dreams™ Copyright © 2006 Pantech Solutions Pvt Ltd.
- 137. Image Fusion
clc;
clear;
close all;
M1=imread('mri.jpg');
M2=imread('ct.jpg');
subplot(2,2,1);imshow(M1);title('MRI');
subplot(2,2,2);imshow(M2);title('CT');
[R C P]=size(M1);
for i=1:R
for j=1:C
if M1(i,j)>M2(i,j)
FusedImage(i,j)=M1(i,j);
else
FusedImage(i,j)=M2(i,j);
end
end
end
Technology beyond the Dreams™ Copyright © 2006 Pantech Solutions Pvt Ltd.
- 138. Image fusion-Cont 2
subplot(2,2,3);imshow(FusedImage);title('Max');
for i=1:R
for j=1:C
if M1(i,j)>M2(i,j)
FusedImage(i,j)=M2(i,j);
else
FusedImage(i,j)=M1(i,j);
end
end
end
subplot(2,2,4);imshow(FusedImage);title('Min');
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- 140. For more details
– www.pantechsolutions.net
– http://www.slideshare.net/pantechsolutions
– http://www.scribd.com/pantechsolutions
– http://www.youtube.com/pantechsolutions
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