4. Undergraduate
• Everyone must graduate from a college
• Pre medical school requirements
• MCAT medical entrance exam
• They represent the best the the brightest
5. Medical School requirements
• Physics, Calculus, Chemistry, Organic
Chemistry, English
• Good MCAT scores
• Letters of recommendation from undergraduate
faculty
• Pass interview process
9. Medical school numbers
• 141 Accredited medical schools
• Private
• State sponsored
• One military medical school
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10.
11.
12. Medical School Training
• 2 year pre clinical training
• 2 years of clinical training in the hospital setting
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13. Preclinical
• book learning
• biochemistry, anatomy, pathology, biology,
physiology, cardiology, genetics.
• United States Medical Licensing exam Step 1
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14. Clinical training
• Application of learning to clinical practice
• Surgery
• Internal Medicine
• OB/GYN
• Pediatrics
• Family Medicine
• Emergency Medicine
• Research Project
• USMLE step 2
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15.
16. Medical Doctor in US
• MD-Doctor of Medicine 4 years graduate
• JD- Doctor of Law 3 years
• PHD-Doctor of Philosophy 3 years
• PharmD- Doctor of Pharmacy 3 years
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17. “.I swear by Apollo, the healer, Asclepius,
Hygieia, and Panacea, and I take to witness all
the gods, all the goddesses, to keep according
to my ability and my judgment, the following
Oath and agreement:
To consider dear to me, as my parents, him who taught me this art; to live in common with him and, if necessary, to share my goods
with him; To look upon his children as my own brothers, to teach them this art; and that by my teaching, I will impart a knowledge of
this art to my own sons, and to my teacher's sons, and to disciples bound by an indenture and oath according to the medical laws,
and no others.
I will prescribe regimens for the good of my patients according to my ability and my judgment and never do harm to anyone.
I will give no deadly medicine to any one if asked, nor suggest any such counsel; and similarly I will not give a woman a pessary to
cause an abortion.
But I will preserve the purity of my life and my arts.
I will not cut for stone, even for patients in whom the disease is manifest; I will leave this operation to be performed by practitioners,
specialists in this art.
–Hippocrates
In every house where I come I will enter only for the good of my patients, keeping myself far from all intentional ill-doing and all
seduction and especially from the pleasures of love with women or men, be they free or slaves.
All that may come to my knowledge in the exercise of my profession or in daily commerce with men, which ought not to be spread
abroad, I will keep secret and will never reveal.
If I keep this oath faithfully, may I enjoy my life and practice my art, respected by all humanity and in all times; but if I swerve from it
or violate it, may the reverse be my lif”
18. Anesthesiology Residency
• 4 years of post graduate training
• NRMP process
• regulated by ACGME and ABA
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19.
20.
21.
22.
23. Anesthesia Training
• 1 year of internship
• 3 years of anesthesia
• passage of ABA written boards
• passage of ABA oral boards
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24. Mass General Hospital
anesthesia residency
• 100 operating theatre
• 25 residents
• 150 clinical and research
faculty
31. Program regulations
• All anesthesia programs are regulated by
ACGME
• resident duty hours must be logged
• cases must be logged
• all programs are review by RRC every 2-5 years
to determine accreditation
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33. Duty hours
• 80 hour work limit
• maximum of 24 hours shift
• institution must provide area for sleep
• one day off per week
• 10 hours rest after each shift
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34.
35.
36. Patient care focus
• pre anesthesia evaluation, assessment, preparation
• anesthesia conduct and plan
• pre-procedural pain management
• management of peri-operative complications
• crisis management
• triage of critically ill patients
• acute and chronic pain consultation
• regional anesthesia
• management of patient based on a systems practice
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37.
38. What is the product?
• Peri-operative physician
• Integrated medical manager
• Risk manager
• Crisis manager
• Manager of efficient cost effective care
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39. What is the cost?
• 4 years undergraduate : 200,000 USD
• 4 years medical school : 250,000 USD
• 4 year residency : priceless
• lost of income potential during training relative to
other fields
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