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Grammar
Book
By: Teodoro Tracy
Table of Contents
1.         Que vs. Cual
2.         Ser
3.         Estar
4.         Gustar
5.         Transition words
6.         El imperfect
7.         Triggers
8.         Acabar de infinitive
9.         Hace+time+que+pres.
10.        Verbos como gustar
11.        Reflexives
12.        Tu Commands
      1.      Affirmative
      2.      Negative
      3.      Irregular
13.        DOP Placement
14.        Preterite
Que vs. Cual
Que
• Use when asking for definitions.

Cual
• Usually before ser forms when
  not seeking a definition.
Ser
      D   • Descriptions
      O   • Origin
      C   • Characteristics
      T   • Time
      O   • Occupation
      R   • Relationships
      P   • Possession
      E   • Events
      D   • Dates
Estar
    H       •Health
            •Como Estas?


        E   •Emotions
            •Como Estas?


        L   •Location
            •Donde Estas?


        P   •Present condition
            •Como Esta?


   ING      •Que Estas Haciendo?
Me Gusta
 Gustar
            • It pleases me


Te Gusta    • It pleases you.


Le Gusta    • It pleases him/her/you


Nos Gusta   • It pleases us


Os Gusta    • It pleases ya’ll


Les Gusta   • It pleases them/you(formal)
Transition Words
 Just   like English; use commas and semi-
  colons to join transistion words to
  sentences
 Porque- because
 Y- and
 Si- if
 Pero- but
 Como- as
 Que- that
El Imperfecto

                   Ar          er        ir

• Yo            • aba      • ia      • ia
• Tu            • Abas     • Ias     • Ias
• El/ ella      • Aba      • Ia      • Ia
• Nosotros      • Abamos   • Iamos   • Iamos
• Vosotros      • Abais    • Iais    • Iais
• Ellos/Ellas   • aban     • Ian     • ian
Triggers
 Todos  los dias
 A veces
 Siempre
 Los lunes, martes, etc…
 Generalmente
 De vez un cuando
Acabar de Infinitive
       subject                 Acabar

                 yo                     Acabo de




                 Tu                     Acabas de




                 El/ella                Acaba de



                                        Acabaoms
                 Nosotros
                                        de



                 Ellos/Ellas            Acaban de
Hace+Time+Que+Pres
Verbos como Gustar
  Me    •Gusta
        •Gustan


   Te   •Falta
        •Faltan


   Le   •Duele
        •Duelen


  Nos   •Fascina
        •Fascinan


  Les   •Molesta
        •Molestan
Reflexives
   Verb whose subject AND object are the
    same.
   Ends in –se
       Afeitarse; acostarse
   Reflexive Pronouns:
       Me (yo)
       Te (tu)
       Se (usted)
       Os (nosotros)
       Nos (ustedes)
Tu Commands
   Affirmative                         Negative

                                               • Change to tu
 Tu                                    No        conjugation
beber                                 como
                                                 then drop the
                                                 “s”
                                               • Move the lo in
                                        lo       front of the verb.
         •Change to correct verb
          conjugation

  Tu     •Then drop the “s”


bebes                                          • This is your end
                                                 sentence
                                       No lo   • Says, “Don’t eat
                                                 it!”
                                      comas
         •Change to correct form of

  Tu
          the DOP
          •When me/te, use:
           •Lo/la
bebela    •When nos/os, use:
           •Los/ Las
Tu commands(irregulars)
 Di          No digas
 Haz         No hagas
 Ve          No veas
 Pon
              No pones
 Sal
              No salas
 Se
              No tenes
 Ten
              No venes
 ven
DOP Placement
 When    me/te, use:     Can  only attach
    Lo/la                when the sentence
 When    nos/os, use:    is a:
    Los/las                 Infinative
                               Ella   va a comerlo!
                             Command
                               iComerlo!

                             Present Progressive
                               El   esta comiendo
Preterite
 Perfect   action in the past

  -ar                     -er/ir

  E(hyphenated)           I(hyphenated)

  Aste                    Iste

  O(hyphenated)           Io(o hyphenated)

  Amos                    Imos

  Aron                    ieron

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Grammar book

  • 2. Table of Contents 1. Que vs. Cual 2. Ser 3. Estar 4. Gustar 5. Transition words 6. El imperfect 7. Triggers 8. Acabar de infinitive 9. Hace+time+que+pres. 10. Verbos como gustar 11. Reflexives 12. Tu Commands 1. Affirmative 2. Negative 3. Irregular 13. DOP Placement 14. Preterite
  • 3. Que vs. Cual Que • Use when asking for definitions. Cual • Usually before ser forms when not seeking a definition.
  • 4. Ser D • Descriptions O • Origin C • Characteristics T • Time O • Occupation R • Relationships P • Possession E • Events D • Dates
  • 5. Estar H •Health •Como Estas? E •Emotions •Como Estas? L •Location •Donde Estas? P •Present condition •Como Esta? ING •Que Estas Haciendo?
  • 6. Me Gusta Gustar • It pleases me Te Gusta • It pleases you. Le Gusta • It pleases him/her/you Nos Gusta • It pleases us Os Gusta • It pleases ya’ll Les Gusta • It pleases them/you(formal)
  • 7. Transition Words  Just like English; use commas and semi- colons to join transistion words to sentences  Porque- because  Y- and  Si- if  Pero- but  Como- as  Que- that
  • 8. El Imperfecto Ar er ir • Yo • aba • ia • ia • Tu • Abas • Ias • Ias • El/ ella • Aba • Ia • Ia • Nosotros • Abamos • Iamos • Iamos • Vosotros • Abais • Iais • Iais • Ellos/Ellas • aban • Ian • ian
  • 9. Triggers  Todos los dias  A veces  Siempre  Los lunes, martes, etc…  Generalmente  De vez un cuando
  • 10. Acabar de Infinitive subject Acabar yo Acabo de Tu Acabas de El/ella Acaba de Acabaoms Nosotros de Ellos/Ellas Acaban de
  • 12. Verbos como Gustar Me •Gusta •Gustan Te •Falta •Faltan Le •Duele •Duelen Nos •Fascina •Fascinan Les •Molesta •Molestan
  • 13. Reflexives  Verb whose subject AND object are the same.  Ends in –se  Afeitarse; acostarse  Reflexive Pronouns:  Me (yo)  Te (tu)  Se (usted)  Os (nosotros)  Nos (ustedes)
  • 14. Tu Commands  Affirmative  Negative • Change to tu Tu No conjugation beber como then drop the “s” • Move the lo in lo front of the verb. •Change to correct verb conjugation Tu •Then drop the “s” bebes • This is your end sentence No lo • Says, “Don’t eat it!” comas •Change to correct form of Tu the DOP •When me/te, use: •Lo/la bebela •When nos/os, use: •Los/ Las
  • 15. Tu commands(irregulars)  Di  No digas  Haz  No hagas  Ve  No veas  Pon  No pones  Sal  No salas  Se  No tenes  Ten  No venes  ven
  • 16. DOP Placement  When me/te, use:  Can only attach  Lo/la when the sentence  When nos/os, use: is a:  Los/las  Infinative  Ella va a comerlo!  Command  iComerlo!  Present Progressive  El esta comiendo
  • 17. Preterite  Perfect action in the past -ar -er/ir E(hyphenated) I(hyphenated) Aste Iste O(hyphenated) Io(o hyphenated) Amos Imos Aron ieron