This document provides a summary of Spanish grammar topics including: que vs cual, uses of ser and estar, gustar verbs, imperfect tense, reflexive verbs, commands, and placement of direct object pronouns. It covers key concepts for each topic in brief paragraphs and charts.
2. Table of Contents
1. Que vs. Cual
2. Ser
3. Estar
4. Gustar
5. Transition words
6. El imperfect
7. Triggers
8. Acabar de infinitive
9. Hace+time+que+pres.
10. Verbos como gustar
11. Reflexives
12. Tu Commands
1. Affirmative
2. Negative
3. Irregular
13. DOP Placement
14. Preterite
3. Que vs. Cual
Que
• Use when asking for definitions.
Cual
• Usually before ser forms when
not seeking a definition.
4. Ser
D • Descriptions
O • Origin
C • Characteristics
T • Time
O • Occupation
R • Relationships
P • Possession
E • Events
D • Dates
5. Estar
H •Health
•Como Estas?
E •Emotions
•Como Estas?
L •Location
•Donde Estas?
P •Present condition
•Como Esta?
ING •Que Estas Haciendo?
6. Me Gusta
Gustar
• It pleases me
Te Gusta • It pleases you.
Le Gusta • It pleases him/her/you
Nos Gusta • It pleases us
Os Gusta • It pleases ya’ll
Les Gusta • It pleases them/you(formal)
7. Transition Words
Just like English; use commas and semi-
colons to join transistion words to
sentences
Porque- because
Y- and
Si- if
Pero- but
Como- as
Que- that
8. El Imperfecto
Ar er ir
• Yo • aba • ia • ia
• Tu • Abas • Ias • Ias
• El/ ella • Aba • Ia • Ia
• Nosotros • Abamos • Iamos • Iamos
• Vosotros • Abais • Iais • Iais
• Ellos/Ellas • aban • Ian • ian
9. Triggers
Todos los dias
A veces
Siempre
Los lunes, martes, etc…
Generalmente
De vez un cuando
10. Acabar de Infinitive
subject Acabar
yo Acabo de
Tu Acabas de
El/ella Acaba de
Acabaoms
Nosotros
de
Ellos/Ellas Acaban de
12. Verbos como Gustar
Me •Gusta
•Gustan
Te •Falta
•Faltan
Le •Duele
•Duelen
Nos •Fascina
•Fascinan
Les •Molesta
•Molestan
13. Reflexives
Verb whose subject AND object are the
same.
Ends in –se
Afeitarse; acostarse
Reflexive Pronouns:
Me (yo)
Te (tu)
Se (usted)
Os (nosotros)
Nos (ustedes)
14. Tu Commands
Affirmative Negative
• Change to tu
Tu No conjugation
beber como
then drop the
“s”
• Move the lo in
lo front of the verb.
•Change to correct verb
conjugation
Tu •Then drop the “s”
bebes • This is your end
sentence
No lo • Says, “Don’t eat
it!”
comas
•Change to correct form of
Tu
the DOP
•When me/te, use:
•Lo/la
bebela •When nos/os, use:
•Los/ Las
15. Tu commands(irregulars)
Di No digas
Haz No hagas
Ve No veas
Pon
No pones
Sal
No salas
Se
No tenes
Ten
No venes
ven
16. DOP Placement
When me/te, use: Can only attach
Lo/la when the sentence
When nos/os, use: is a:
Los/las Infinative
Ella va a comerlo!
Command
iComerlo!
Present Progressive
El esta comiendo
17. Preterite
Perfect action in the past
-ar -er/ir
E(hyphenated) I(hyphenated)
Aste Iste
O(hyphenated) Io(o hyphenated)
Amos Imos
Aron ieron