Preparing for the Next Wave - IOT, Sharing Economy, Jobs and Skills
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The global economy is entering the third wave of information technology, characterised by interconnected platforms of people, objects and resources. The Internet of Things (IoT) as a technology enabler of the Sharing Economy and its global platforms are due to grow exponentially in the next decade, placing demands on skills and changing the employment landscape. The demand for low-value-adding work will decrease as resources are used more effectively. The demand for information technology skills will continue to rise in order to meet the requirements of developing IoT products, software, apps, networks, cloud infrastructure, data management and information systems.
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Preparing for the Next Wave - IOT, Sharing Economy, Jobs and Skills
- 1. PREPARING FOR THE NEXT WAVE IOT, SHARING ECONOMY, JOBS AND SKILLS Professor Tanya Sammut-Bonnici
- 2. Contents 1. Third Wave of Information Technology 2. Internet of Things (IoT) 3. Sharing Economy, Collaborative Economy 4. Effect on Human Capital - Jobs 5. Bridging the IoT Skills Gap 2 IoT Skills Tanya Sammut-Bonnici
- 3. Research Context • Market Adoption of Network Products Wiley Encyclopaedia of Strategic Management, Joint Editor Research Area - Network Economics • Warwick Business School - IBM MBA Programme Collaboration and ongoing research • Review of Tech Companies’ Activity in IOT Arm, Cisco, Ericsson, Qualcomm, Sony, Vodafone • Vacancy Website – Demand for skills Pilot, preliminary study 3 IoT Skills Tanya Sammut-Bonnici
- 4. 1. Third Wave of Information Technology 4Tanya Sammut-Bonnici IoT Skills 1st 3rd2nd Internet of Things 2020s Interconnected platforms of people, objects and resources Wearables, Medicine, Transport, Property, Appliances, Factories, Smart Cities Human-2-Machine Machine-2-Machine Internet mid 1990s Browser Wars Search Wars Online Marketplaces Human-2-Human Computers 1980s ZX81, Atari, IBM, Compaq and IBM clones Machine-2-Human
- 5. 2. Internet of Things (IoT) 1/4 • IoT = Network of Smart Objects which can be sensed, controlled and managed through the Internet • Smart Objects wearable medical technology, vehicles, aircraft, machinery, factories, buildings, construction sites, smart cities • Merging of Two Worlds Physical World and the Digital World • By 2020 – 25 Billion Objects Smart objectsGARTNER (2015: 6.8 billion mobile phones) 5Tanya Sammut-Bonnici IoT Skills
- 6. 6Tanya Sammut-Bonnici High Volume, Low Cost, Disposable, Low Energy 2. Internet of Things (IoT) 2/4 IoT Skills Sports: Jawbone, Polar , Fitbit 5.8 billion USD Preventive: posture, hydration MC10, Convertis Adhesive Wearables ARM – Semiconductor Co Wifi 80c, Bluetooth 30s, GPS 60c Remote sensing of patients, in and out of hospitals
- 7. 2. Internet of Things (IoT) 3/4 7Tanya Sammut-Bonnici IoT Skills
- 8. 8Tanya Sammut-Bonnici 2. Internet of Things (IoT) 4/4 IoT Skills
- 9. 3. Sharing Economy / Collaborative Economy 9Tanya Sammut-Bonnici IoT Skills • Many-2-Many Business Model of Amazon, eBay, Alibaba • Rise of Excess Capacity Business Models eBay, Airbnb, Lyft, Uber • Industrial Application Office space, transportation, warehouse storage, building materials • IoT and ECB Platforms “The Uberisation of Everything” Combine technology to manage resources: e.g. car locators, automated property locks, drones on building sites • Organisational Models Largest Taxi company owns no cars - Uber Largest Media platform owns no content - Facebook Highest valued Retailer owns no stock - Alibaba Largest Accommodation provider owns no property - Airbnb
- 10. 4. Effect on Human Capital - JOBS • Crowd Working - Employees "We do not need a company, we need ecosystems“ Distributed tele-cooperative networks Replacement of hierarchies by network cooperation • Crowd Sourcing - Suppliers Open calls over internet networks and platforms Already in use in IT, Crowd Funding, R&D. AI • Physical Workplace Office sharing, desk sharing • Effective Use of Resources Implies - Less labour requirements for same service - Less low value adding jobs connected to access resources (lorry drivers, administration) • Increase in Demand for IoT skills, new jobs 10Tanya Sammut-Bonnici IoT Skills
- 11. 5. Bridging the IoT Skills Gap 1/5 • 2 Million unfilled ICT jobs globally in next ten years • 200,000 new engineers and IT technicians per year to connect the unconnected Job Opportunities 1. Business Intelligence / Data Analytics 2. Information Security 3. User interface (UI) and user experience (UX) designers 4. Mobile development 5. Hardware engineering 6. Networking Vocational Element Demand for skilled technicians and operators HYBRID electricians and IT technicians Skilled workers (VET) rather than knowledgeable workers (HE) 11 IoT Skills Tanya Sammut-Bonnici Jeremiah Grossman
- 12. 5. Bridging the IoT Skills Gap 2/5 Pilot study of skills requirements on Monster.com IOT Technician level, assistants jobs (n=40) 12 IoT Skills Tanya Sammut-Bonnici
- 13. 5. Bridging the IoT Skills Gap 3/5 Skills Subject Areas 1. Skills for Dominant Platforms Windows Azure Amazon Web Service (AWS) 2. Skills for Operating Systems iOS, Android, Windows devices 3. Skills for Building Apps JavaScript, Python, .NET, PHP, Java and Node.js 13 IoT Skills Tanya Sammut-Bonnici
- 14. 5. Bridging the IoT Skills Gap 4/5 Skills Subject Areas (continued): 4. Skills for Connectivity Standards • Currently 149 standards, due for a Darwinian shakeout • Main standards: Bluetooth SIG, IEEE, IETF, IPSO Alliance, MQTT.org, Open Mobile Alliance, Thread, ZigBee Alliance 14 IoT Skills Tanya Sammut-Bonnici
- 15. 5. Bridging the IoT Skills Gap 5/5 Format of courses • Existing Online Learning Institutions LinkedIn’s Lynda.com, PluralSight, Vector Learning, SkillSoft, Kineo Adaptation: Native languages, Examination Centres, Accreditation • Existing Open Learning Platforms Coursera, edX, Udacity • Apprenticeship Programmes Work based learning, on the job, project based • Lab Based Learning • Industry Integration, Content Development 15 IoT Skills Tanya Sammut-Bonnici 1.5 billion USD
- 16. Acknowledgements Prepared with the contribution of: • Dr John Atherton, Warwick Business School Expert in Semiconductor Technology and Industry Development • Dr Abdalla Kablan, University of Malta Expert in Computational Intelligence and Financial Data Science 16 IoT Skills Tanya Sammut-Bonnici
- 17. 17Tanya Sammut-Bonnici IoT Skills “Internet of Things” “Internet of Everything” Thank you Professor Tanya Sammut-Bonnici