Indian freedom fighters CPD Project work

1. INDIAN FREEDOM FIGHTERS

2. MAHATMA GANDHI
FATHER OF NATION

3. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi

4. Gandhi’s Tactics
• Gandhi employed non-cooperation,
non-violence and peaceful resistance
as his "weapons" in the struggle
against British. In Punjab, the
Jallianwala Bagh massacre of civilians
by British troops (also known as the
Amritsar Massacre) caused deep
trauma to the nation, leading to
increased public anger and acts of
violence. Gandhi criticized both the
actions of the British Raj and the
retaliatory violence of Indians. When
he was arrested, he continued his non-violent
protest through hunger strikes.
Gandhi on the Salt March.
Gandhi on Dandi
March

5. Independence
• When the moment of
freedom came, on 15
August 1947, Gandhi was
nowhere to be seen in the
capital, though Nehru and
the entire Constituent
Assembly were to salute
him as the architect of
Indian independence, as
the 'father of the nation.

6. INFLUENCE IN THE WORLD

7. SARDAR PATEL
Taming the impossible
IRON MAN OF INDIA

8. A LEADER ALWAYS
• In 1918 when there was a flood in Kaira, the
British insisted on collecting tax from the
farmers. This time the Sardar made optimum
use of Satyagraha and asked the farmers not
to give in to the demands of the government.
All of this was done peacefully and the
farmers followed his guidance. The British got
fed up and eventually returned the land
confiscated by them earlier.

9. WHY SARDAR
• In 1928 the farmers faced a
similar problem and Vallabhai
came to their rescue again.
The British were as usual
demanding an unjust tax and
the farmers of Bardoli under
the supervision of Vallabhbhai
did not budge. The
government in retaliation
seized the lands This event
immensely delighted Gandhiji
and the title of Sardar was
conferred on him.

10. SARDAR’S CONTRIBUTION
• With great wisdom and political foresight, he
consolidated the small kingdoms. The public was with
him. He tackled the Nizam of Hyderabad and the
Nawab of Junagarh who intially did not want to join
India. There were a lot of problems connected with the
reunion of the numerous states into India. Sardar
Patel's untiring efforts towards the unity of the country
brought success. Due to the achievement of this
massive task, Sardar Patel got the title of 'Iron Man'. '
He is one of the prestigious leaders of the world who
became immmortal by uniting a scattered nation
without any bloodshed.

12. BORN OF A SHAHEED
• Bhagat Singh was born on September 28, 1907. His father
was also a revolutionary, so patriotism flowed in his blood.
By the time, he completed his secondary education, Bhagat
Singh knew everything about the revolutionaries of his
family. At the- age of thirteen, Bhagat Singh left school and
joined the freedom movement.
• At that time, there was a powerful anti-foreign cloth
movement in the country. Bhagat Singh took part in this
movement and wore only Khadi. He would collect foreign
clothes and burn them. Bhagat Singh had no faith in non-violence
and non-cooperation movement and believed that
armed revolution was the only practical way of winning
freedom.

13. FIGHT FOR THE FREEDOM
• In February 1928, the Simon Commission, headed by Sir John Simon, came
to India to decide how much freedom and responsibility could be given to
the people of India. But there was no Indian on the committee, so people
decided to boycott it. Wherever the committee went, people protested
with black flags, shouting “Simon go back”. One such procession that was
lathi charged was led by Lala Lajpat Rai. A British police officer hit Lalaji on
the chest. Lalaji died after some days. To averige Lalaji's death, Bhagat
Singh and two other revolutionaries Sukhdev and Rajguru shot dead
Saunders, the police officer responsible. The three were arrested later for
throwing a bomb in the Delhi Assembly Hall and sentenced to death.
Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and Rajguru were hanged a day before the
appointed day on March 23rd, 1931. He has rightfully been given the title
of Shaheed-e-Azam (King of Martyrs).

15. RISE OF ‘NETAJI’
• Subhas Chandra was born on 23 January, 1897 in Cuttack. His father
named Rai Bahadur Janakinath Bose was a Government pleader
working there. Subhas had obtained his early education at Cuttack. In
his childhood, the influence of his mother Probhavati Devi and that
of the Headmaster named Beni Madhav Das taught him to learn
about the ancient heritage of his motherland and to love India more
than anything else in his life.
• Subhas had his college education at Calcutta. He left for England on
15 September, 1919 to appear at the Indian Civil Service
Examination, as desired by his father. He passed the examination by
coming out 'Fourth' among the successful candidates, but he did not
want to serve the British Government. So he resigned to the lucrative
post offered to him. He returned to India and joined the Indian
National Congress to fight for the independence of India.

16. GOAL : FREEDOM
• In Berlin, he formed the first Indian National Army (I.N.A.) with the
'prisoners of war' who were Indian soldiers serving the British Army.
Now he came to be known as 'Netaji'. Subhas also founded an
Indian Radio Station called Azad Hind Radio in Berlin, from where he
had very often to broadcast for his countrymen suggesting about
their political activities during the war.
• From Berlin, Subhas went to Japan, where the I. N. A. was enlarged
with the addition of more soldiers and civilians. The I.N.A. was now
a large army. Netaji, as the Chief Commander of the I.N.A., declared
war against the British. The I.N.A. fought tooth and nail in the Burma
front, and hoisted Indian national flag in Imphal at Manipur. The war
took suddenly a strange turn, because the Japanese who were
I.N.A.'s allied forces surrendered. So Netaji had to order retreat of
his I.N.A.