heat and temperature

1. Presentation on
Heat and Temperature
Our Members:

2. Overview
01: History.
02: What is Temperature & Heat ?
03: Source of Heat & Temperature.
04: Type of Scale.
05: Celsius Scale.
06: Fahrenheit scale.
07: Kalvin Scale.
08: Absolute Zero & temperature scale comparisons.
09: Type of Heat Transfer.
10: Conduction
11: Convection
12: Radiation.
13: Relation between heat &temp
14: Difference between temperature and heat.
15. causes of heat.
16. causes of temperature.
17. Results of Heat & Temperature.

3. 01: History
Until the end of the 18th century,
scientists thought that the ultimate
liquid called caloric. In 1798, an
American scientist named Benzamine
Thompson Rumford (1753-1814)
Proved that there is nothing in the
reality of the calorie.
It was about 40 years latter that an
English physicist James Prescott(24
December 1818 -11 October 1889)
heat must be just another from
energy.

4. 02: What is Heat & Temperature?
Heat: Heat is a form of energy which flows from
higher temperature to lower temperature by
conduction , convection and radiation processes.
Example: The biggest example of heat energy in our
solar system the sun itself.The sun radiates heat to
warm up on the planet erath.
Temperature: Temperature is the thermal state of a
body which controls the flow of heat from one body
to another & determines the direction on heat flow.

5. 03: Source of Heat & Temperature.
 Natural Source
The Sun: When the sun’s energy reaches the earth,
30% of it’s is immediately reflected back out into space
only 70% remains to interact with the earth and warm
it up .
 Artificial Source
Chemical Action: When fuels like coal ,Kerosene ,
wood & gasoline are burned they are used as artificial
sources of heat

6. 04: Type of Scale
1: Celsius Scale.
2: Fahrenheit scale.
3: Kalvin Scale.

7. 05: Celsius Scale
Celsius Scale: Commonly
Known as Centigrade Scale.
This scale was devised in 1741
by a Swedish astronomer,
Andres Celsius, based on the
properties of water.

8. 06: Fahrenheit Scale
Fahrenheit Scale: The Fahrenheit
scale was devised by Daniel
Gabriel Fahrenheit, A German
physicist.
Units sates of America and
England use the
Fahrenheit scale for weather
observation & other purposes.

9. 07: Kalvin scale
Kalvin Scale: Named after sir Willam
Thomsom(Loard Kalvin) who deserve
it.26 June 1824 – 17 December 1907)

10. 08:Absoutle Zero & Temperature scale comparisons.
Defined as 0 kelvin.
Average temperature of space is
2.7k.
Scientists have gotten within
fraction of absolute zero ,but it is
impossible to ever completely
stop the movement of an atom ,
since that means it has zero
energy.

11. 09: Type of Heat Transfer
1. Conduction.
2. Convection.
3. Radiation.

12. 10: Conduction
This process accurse in most solids .
Heat is transferred by direct contact.
 Solid are the best conductors of heat.
Transmission of heat from particle to particle.

13.  This process occurs in liquid and gusses
 Heat is transferred by the movement of
currents
 Is the tranfort of heat with in a substance by
the actual movement the substance itself
11: Convection

14.  Transfer of heat through
electromagnetic waves
 The heated substance is not
necessary
12: Radiation

15. We can calculate the heat released or
absorbed using the specific heat capacity
/text ccc,the mass of the substance /text
mmm ,and the change in temperature
/delta /text TϫT delta ,T in the following
equation.
13: Relation between Heat and Temperature

16. 14: Difference between heat and temperature

17.  Sun
 Petroleum
 Natural gas
Coal
Solar energy
15: Causes of heat

18.  Sun
 Petroleum
 Natural gas
Coal
Solar energy
16: Causes of Temperature

19. 17: Results of Heat & Temperature.
Heat, q, is thermal energy transferred from a
hotter system to a cooler system that are in
contact. Temperature is a measure of the
average kinetic energy of the atoms or
molecules in the system. We can calculate the
heat released or absorbed using the specific
heat capacity C, the mass of the substance m,
and the change in temperature ΔTdelta, T in
the equation:
q=m×C×ΔT