Transportation is the key object in every business. The technology and their possible outcomes in near by future are explained over here. What could be the future technology and the possibilities in India ?

1. Presented by
SAHIL JAIN | TONMOY BORA | VAISHALI KUMAR | SANJEEV SHARMA |
SHIKHA PAUL | RUCHI SHUKLA | AJAY KUMAR
Transportation

2. INTRODUCTION
Transport (British English) or transportation (American English) is the
movement of people and goods from one place to another. The term is
derived from the Latin trans ("across") and portare ("to carry").
TRANSPORT DEFINITION :
Part of the economic activity intended to satisfy human needs by
means of geographic change position of people or things.
Transportation tries to erase the obstacles due to distance
Ways in which transport is part of the productive activity:
•As phase of the production process
•As a production process
•Goods distribution

3. FUNCTION OF TRANSPORT
1. Transport contributes in Growth of industries whose product requires quick
marketing. Perishable articles like fish and green vegetables are carried to various
consumers quickly even in distant markets through transport.
2. Transport helps in increase in the demand for goodsThrough transport newer
customers in newer places can be easily contacted and products can be introduced
to them.
3. Transport creates time utility. Of late transport has started creating the time utility
also.
4. Transport ensures even flow of commodities into the hands of the consumers
through out the period of consumption.
5. Transport increases mobility of labor and capital. It makes people of one place
migrate to other places in search of jobs.

5. The two foundations of quality transportation operations are:
1. A knowledge of the characteristics and requirements of the
product to be shipped, thus ensuring that the product arrives
without degradation
2. A knowledge of alternative transportation operations and the
ability to match transportation method with shipping
requirements to maximize service at a minimal cost.

6. Mode Selection
1. Nature of freight
2. Packaging and handling
3. Volume
4. Traffic Lanes
5. Transit Times
6. Access to the product
7. Tracing

7. 1. Nature of Freight
The obvious starting point is the identification of
the major products requiring transport.

8. 2. Packaging and Handling
The single most important factor leading to a
product’s being received in the same condition it
was when it was loaded, is the packaging and
handling of the load.

9. 3. Volume
The factor of volume refers to the business level or
the frequency of move.

10. 4. Traffic Lanes
To determine density of traffic operations, traffic
lanes, or geographical coverage, is the sole
factor in selection transportation mode

11. 5. Transit Times
The shorter the transit time, the more expensive the
cost of transportation.

12. 6. Access to the Product
This refers to how important it is, when the product is
transit, that you gain access or direct your cargo to
another destination.

13. 7. Tracing
- Tackability is the ability to track a shipment while in
transit.
- Traceablity is the ability to go back and trace a
shipment from the point of origin to destination.

14. Journey of Roadways 2. 3. 4.
ROADWAYS
Journey of Roadways
Early Roads New Roads
• Cows
• Horses
• Human driven
cart
• Industrialized Civil Engineering
• Concrete Roads
• Buses
• Trucks
• Volvo

15. Road Network1. 3. 4.
ROADWAYS
India’s Road Network
(Km)
National Highways 92,851
Expressways 3530
State Highways 1,63,898
Other Roads 44,55,510
Total 47,15,789

16. Advantages & Disadvantages1. 3. 4.
Advantages Disadvantages
• Less Capital Outlay
• Door to door service
• Service in rural areas
• Flexible Service
• Suitable for shorter distance
• Lesser risk of damages
• Seasonal Nature
• Accidents and Breakdowns
• Unsuitable for longer
distance
• Slow speed
• Lack of organization

17. TECHNOLOGY
Technology2.1. 3.
Existing
• Petroleum as a fuel
• GPS
• RFID
Future
• Hydrogen as a fuel
• Hybrid Cars (Mixture of
gasoline+Electric+Solar)
DTMF + GPS (Emergency calling)
• Driver less

18. INDIAN RAILWAYS – A
SUNRISE INDUSTRY
Railways in India, a sunrise industry!
The Indian Railways (IR) is a truly great
institution. It is a global giant that operates
profitably, effectively and with relatively
little government support.
MCKINSEY & COMPANY

19. INTRODUCTION
• Indian Railways, abbreviated as IR, is the state-owned railway company of India, which
owns and operates most of the country's rail transport.
• It is overseen by the Ministry of Railways(Suresh Prabhu) of the Government of India.
India.
• It has more than 64,015 kilometers of track and 6,909 stations , making it the world's
fourth largest railway network after those of the United States, Russia and China.
• On 16 April 1853, the first passenger train service was inaugurated between Bori

20. CURRENT ISSUES
 Higher demand for Freight and Passenger transport, with planned
economic growth
 Technological uprgadation for better maintenance of railway assets
 Greater competition from Roadways, with major investments in
Highway network upgradation
 Increase freight market share through higher availability of services
at competitive prices
 Greater attention to passenger services and safety
 Heavily subsidised passenger fares, distorted passenger pricing
 Upgradation of the Railway Production units for improved efficiency
and productivity

21. RAILWAY BUDGET 2015
 17000 more toilets to be replaced by bio-toilets.
 An All India 24-7 helpline number will become operational.
 A mobile application to address complaints of people is also being
developed.
 SMS alert services for passengers to inform them about arrival and
departure of trains.
 In 400 stations Wi-Fi facility will be provided.
 Cleanliness in Railways highest priority under Swachh Rail Swachh
Bharat.
 Investment 84% higher, 77 new projects.

22. ADVANTAGES
• The most dependable mode of transport as it is the least affected by
weather.
• The rail transport is better organized than any other form of transport. It
has fixed routes and schedules.
• Railway transport is economical, quicker and best suited for carrying
heavy and bulky goods over long distances.
• The carrying capacity of the railways is extremely large. Moreover, its
capacity is elastic which can easily be increased by adding more
wagons.
• The railways provide greater employment opportunities for both skilled
and unskilled labor. Over 16 lakh persons are depending upon railways
for their livelihood.

23. DISADVANTAGES
• The railway requires is large investment of capital. The cost of
construction, maintenance and overhead expenses are very high as
compared to other modes of transport.
• Railway transport is inflexible. Its routes and timings cannot be adjusted
to individual requirements.
• Rail transport cannot provide door to door service as it is tied to a
particular track.
• As railways require huge capital outlay, they may give rise to monopolies
and work against public interest at large.
• Because of huge capital requirements and traffic, railways cannot be
operated economically in rural areas

24. AIR CARGO LOGISTICS
Antonov An-225Antonov An-
Approx. > $10 billion industry
Domestic market in India –
1050 metric tons (2012-
2013)
Deccan 360

25. AIR CARGO LOGISTICS
United States is the largest player in
Freight market
Top five fastest growing market
Hong Kong
China
Vietnam
Chinese Taipei

26. AIR CARGO LOGISTICS

27. ADVANTAGES
HIGH SPEED
QUICK SERVICE
NO INFRASTRUCTURE
INVESTMENT
EASY ACCESS
NO PHYSICAL BARRIER
NATURAL ROUTE

28. DISADVANTAGES
RISKY
VERY COSTLY
SMALL CARRYING CAPACITY
UNRELIABLE
HUGE INVESTMENT

29. FUTURE PROSPECTS
OVERALL GROWTH
INCREASE IN FDI
INCREASING FUEL PRICES

30. WATER TRASPORTATION
Water transportation is the intentional movement of water over large
distances. Ship transport can be over any distance by boat, ship,
sailboat or barge, over Ocean & Sea. Shipping may be for
commerce, recreation or the military Purpose.

31. There are two types of water ways:-
1. Inland Waterways: Refers to using Inland Water Bodies like Rivers,
Canals, Lake etc.
2. Ocean Waterways: Navigation along the coastal Place & foreign
countries take place with the help of Ships.
WAY’S

32. Types of Unit of Carriage for Water Transportation:
 Carry Wide Variety of products.
Ship large, costly unit of
Production.

33. Advantages Of Water Transport:
Carry more and heavier cargo than a train or truck.
Lower Transportation cost than Air Transport.
Most suitable form of transport for carrying large and heavy Items.

34. Disadvantages of Water Transport:
It is relatively slow form of goods and is unsuitable for Urgent
goods.
Goods can be easily lost or Damaged.
High Risk is Involved.
Bad Weather can cause Delays and losses of goods at Sea.

35. Water Transport- Some Example
RO-RO
Vessel
Container
Vessel

37. Packaging and labelling
Packaging is the technology of enclosing or protecting
products for distribution, storage, sale, and use. Packaging also
refers to the process of design, evaluation, and production of
packages. Packaging can be described as a coordinated
system of preparing goods for transport, warehousing, logistics,
sale, and end use. Packaging contains, protects, preserves,
transports, informs, and sells. In many countries it is fully
integrated into government, business, institutional, industrial,
and personal use.

38. The purposes of packaging and package labels
• Attraction
• Physical protection
• Barrier protection
• Containment or agglomeration
• Information transmission
• Marketing
• Security
• Convenience
• Portion control
• Promotion
• Facilitates Purchase Decision
• Differentiation

39. Packaging types
• medical device packaging
• bulk chemical packaging
• over-the-counter drug packaging
• retail food packaging
• military materiel packaging
• pharmaceutical packaging

40. Packages by layer or function:
• Primary packaging
• Secondary packaging
• Tertiary packaging

41. Food packaging types
Packaging Type Type of Container Example
Aseptic processing Primary Liquid whole eggs
Trays Primary Portion of fish or meat
Bags Primary Potato chips, apples, rice
Boxes Secondary
Corrugated box of primary
packages: box of cereal
cartons
Cans Primary Can of tomato soup
Cartons Primary Carton of eggs
Flexible packaging Primary Bagged salad
Pallets Tertiary
A series of boxes on a single
pallet used to transport from
the manufacturing plant to a
distribution center
Wrappers Tertiary
Used to wrap the boxes on the
pallet for transport

42. List of symbols used in packaging
Flammable
liquid
ExplosivesThis way upKeep away
from water
Fragile material
Packaging Gallery
Aseptic
packaging of
soy milk
Glass milk bottle and
paperboard milk carton
Tomato juice in steel
cans
Tea tin, can with
removable cover

43. FUTURE INVENTION