Although instruction and learning are the aims of every classroom, there are many ways to accomplish these aims. Think of walking through the hallways at school during any given period. What different kinds of things will we see going on in these classes? One class: notes on board, students writing, teacher talking. Next class, students are in groups. Next class, a home-ec room and the students are gathered in front of a table where the teacher is preparing food. etc., etc.
Strategy: names ones I’ve used: Spirit Reading [to involve students], small group work preceding large group discussion or instruction [prepare all to contribute] Think-Pair-Share [stimulate thought/involvement], peer editing [stimulate evaluating thinking level]
Teacher Centered: more structured; focus on teacher; students are active but the activity is directed by the teacher; interaction is mainly teacher-student interaction Student Centered: less structured; students more active and activity is self-directed; more student interaction; students have more choice Each model has its own learning outcome (objective) Factual knowledge: Presentation THIS LESSON (my objective: give you factual information) Procedural knowledge: Direct Instruction HOW TO I taught you how to write an introduction to a lesson Each of the models will achieve certain learning outcomes at the expense of others. Overall objective as we go through the models: You learn the purpose and proper procedure for each so that you develop a repertoire of models when you’re faced with content to present. You can be creative within each. Most often we combine models within a 40 minute lesson, but we’re going to focus on each separately in order to learn it. Be sure to ask “Check for understanding” questions as you go through the models (e.g. ask for ideas of how this could be used? Presentation: introductory information before reading a work; info about author; info on a topic to stimulate interest in an upcoming project; clarify confusing information. Direct instruction: grammar, writing lessons, Cooperative learning: review work, projects, etc., etc. Students can receive information by a teacher presentation and also in a cooperating learning group. What is main difference (teacher-centered, student-centered)
We will look at each of these for each of the six models. Your notes/outlines for each model will be divided in this way. Some things will be found in each model (like accessing prior knowledge in introducing the lesson). Others will be particular to one model. This is the main thrust of your reading and will be mainly tested possibly on the midterm and definitely on the final. In class we will not review the whole process, but focus on the most important aspects and look at specifics of how the model can be used in an English class. [Note: Students don’t yet know what “differentiating instruction means” We will have a lesson on this aspect of teaching, but it will also be clarified in the reading.]
![Model vs. Strategy ,[object Object],[object Object]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)