1. Company
LOGO
It is not what fields a state competes in
that determines its prosperity, but how
productively it competes (Michael Porter)
Tommy Monoarfa
PPKDT-BPPT

2. Agenda
Introduction
Concept and Development Stages : lesson and learn
- Definition
- Types of Development : science park, technopolis, innovation cluster
Analysis Framework
- Functions and elements of science park development
- Analysis Framework
Case Study: Daedeok Innopolis
Teknopolitan: The Proposed concept of Development
Financing Teknopolitan activities (next presentation)
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3. Introduction
Why need science park, technopolis(teknopolitan),
And innovation clusters?
Andrew Dearing, “Enabling Europe to
innovate”, SCIENCE, 19 January 2007
Competitiveness depends on the created assets such
as a highly skilled/educated and flexible
workforce and appropriate supporting infrastructure
(SW/HW) like STPs, Technopolises, and Innovation
Clusters, and States or regions compete to offer
the most productive environment for business
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4. Introduction
Technopark originated in 1950 with the wishes of
entrepreneurial minded university academicians in
the U.S.A. who wanted to convert their knowledge
and R&D findings into economical values namely
production and marketing.
The first technopark was founded with the leaders
hip of Stanford University in California. Today it’s
famously known as Silicon Valley which employ
ed about 200,000 highly qualified people earning
high salaries work in designing and producing high
added value products
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Tommy Monoarfa

5. Introduction
"Business Week" August 18-25, 1997 there are 7,000
electronics and software companies and thousands of
startups, with 11 companies being created every week
all in 80 km long technology corridor.
on average, a Valley company went public every 5 days
, making 62 millionaires every day.
Creating new knowledge that will lead to new
inventions and innovations which attracting investors’s
attention and accumulate their support in order to add
economical value.
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6. Introduction
A technology park brings together the government
, the academic community, the business and finan
cial sector (triple helix) in a well planned develop
ment which integrates all necessary facilities su
ch as commercial buildings, research facilities, resi
dences, recreational areas, hotels and conference
centers.
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7. Introduction
In later state, it also called as High-tech clusters ,
innovation clusters . These type of clusters are
high technology oriented business environment,
well suited to the knowledge economy, and typica
lly have a core renowned university and research
centers like in silicon valley .
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8. Introduction
Science Park/ Technopolis / Innovation Cl
uster
Regional and national competitiveness is often
decided by these Science park / Technopolis
/ Innovation clusters which will be provided
with an applicability for development policy and
insight to regional and national competitiveness
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Tommy Monoarfa

9. Introduction
Important issues: dynamics of their creation and
support mechanisms how effective it can be as
an instrument of regional innovation policy and
for stimulating technology-led economic deve
lopment
Science parks are mainly local initiatives, backed
by the management of towns, cities and economic
regions. This “bottom-up” approach makes defining
national policy in this area more difficult.
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10. Introduction
According to the management paradigm (Regis Cabral 1990),
a science park must;
Have access to qualified research and development personnel in
the areas of knowledge in which the park has its identity.
Be able to market its high valued products and services.
Have the capability to provide marketing expertise and managerial
skills to firms, particularly SME which lacking such a resource.
Be inserted in a society that allows for the protection of product
or process secrets, via patents, security or any other means.
Be able to select or reject which firms enter the park. The firm's
business plan is expected to be coherent with the science park
identity.
Have a clear identity, quite often expressed symbolically, as the
park's name choice, its logo or the management discourse.
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11. Introduction
Have a management with established or recognized exper
tise in financial matters, and which has presented long
term economic development plans.
Have the backing of powerful, dynamic and stable econom
ic actors, such as a funding agency, political institution or
local university
Include in its management an active person of vision, with
power of decision and with high and visible profile, who is
perceived by relevant actors in society as embodying the
interface between academia and industry, long-term plans
and good management.
Include a prominent percentage of consultancy firms, as
well as technical service firms, including laboratories and
quality control firms
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Tommy Monoarfa

13. Definition of Technopark
is on an appealing land and contains beautiful architectu
ral buildings scattered spatially where carefully selected
science and technology or R&D companies function, for
new or applied research,
conducts joint R&D with renowned close-by universities
profiting extensively from their technological resources,
realizes strong technology transfer among universities,
research laboratories and industry,
systematically draws support from the technopark's ma-
nagement in order to develop its management skills,
finds solutions to financing at all levels of the innovation
process, and makes extensive use of all modern office
facilities and consulting services.
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14. Definition
The concept of "Science Park", "Technopark",
“Business Park", "Technopole", "Technopolis
or Teknopolitan", “Science City" "Technology
Zone", "Silicon Valley", "Technology Corridor
“ represents different meanings for the organizing
committees, managers and the size and needs of
the countries.
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15. Definition
While definitions on the subject vary widely, the
definition we would focus on in this study describ
es a "technology park" as one that at generally
provides:
1. linked with educational or research institutions
2. infrastructure and support services for busines
ses, particularly real estate and office space, etc
3. performs a technology transfer function
4. performs an economic development function
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16. Definition
Note, however, that not all technology parks will meet all of these char
acteristics and some may contain additional functions. As the British Co
uncils explains in their definition, “The term 'Science Park' can encompa
ss a range of initiatives which can vary greatly, even within any one cou
ntry. There is thus no question of a rigid definition or of a single transfe
rable model being appropriate throughout the world."
For example, in 1993 in the United States, the average technology park
has 200 acres, over 200,000 square feet of buildings, 12 tenant compan
ies, 300 employees and a $250,000 operating budget. Parks outside the
United States often are smaller in size and can be found in a variety of s
ettings, from sprawling green spaces in rural areas to "vertical parks" in
high rise buildings in larger cities. To date, there are 212 technology p
arks that are members of the International Association of Science Parks
and 295 members of the Association of University Research Parks.
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17. Science Park : Concept & Development Stages
Key Features of Technopolis Development
Types Physical chara Focus Examples
cteristics
Science/Techn Creation of new Basic R&D Tsukuba Japan,
o Park settlement (rese Daedeok science
arch centers, ne Town, Korea (‘80
w town) -’90)
Technopolis Creation of new High-tech Produc Kumonoto – Jap
settlement includ tion an, Sophia Antip
ing production a olis, France, Dae
ctivity deok scince Tow
n Korea (98-200
5)
Innovation clu Cluster developme Innovative and ent Daedeok Innopolis
nt of Technopolis a reprenurial cluster ,Korea (2005-), sili
ster nd science park in in the region con valey, USA
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18. Science Park : Property-based Initiative
formal links with a university or other
Research core
higher educational and research institution
• encourage the formation and growth of
knowledge-based businesses on high value ad
ded firms, and other organizations normally re
sidents on site R&D University
• management function which is center HEI’s
actively engaged in the transfer of technology
and business skills to the organizations on site
At the heart of the park, there is a combination of physical facilities and a well-
balanced portfolio of service providers to support the creation of a collaborative
environment in which the three major components can generate new value.
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19. Cambridge science park, UK
Science Parks
Surrey research Park, UK Dortmund Technology Park, Germany
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20. Technopolis / Science City : Urban
development
• emphasizes the need for a balanced approach
• Instead of focusing only on technology it involves
the creation of new settlement, completed
with research park, new universities,
technology centers, housing and
cultural/social facilities (Tatsuno, 1986)
• larger in scale and often linked
to the development of infrastructure and facilities
on the new town model
whereas science parks are more limited in scope
(Masser, 1991 ; Oh, 1997)
• more production oriented than science parks
• have both national and regional objectives
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Tommy Monoarfa

21. Technopolis
Tsukuba science city, Japan Hsinchu science park, Taiwan
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Research Triangle Park, USA Sophia Antipolis, France

22. Innovation Cluster
Key word : Innovation Network
Innovation networking within clusters aims to increase innov
ative capacity and fostering industries for regional and nation
al competitiveness.
An Integrated approach to create the necessary institutional capacity for inno
vation cluster development is required, it covers the followings:
- The promotion of new technology areas.
- The setting up of science parks and agencies, software centers, transportation/l
ogistic infrastructure, ICT or data highways infrastructure
- The establishment of technology transfer centers
- Technology centers (TBI) to support business start-ups (PPBT)
- Financial and Technology aid schemes to support SME’s
- Joint research project between SMEs, technology transfer centers, and other fir
ms.
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23. Innovation Cluster
Institutional framework
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24. Innovation Cluster: Another Example
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26. Function and Elements of Science Park
Main Function Elements
R&D HEI, Public R&D, Private R&D, Collaborati
ve R&D, Technology Commercialization
Business & Networked Entrepreneurship, Incubating, Venture
Entrepreneurship Capital, Networking
Management & Globali Training Program, Financial Aid, Marke-
zation ting, Property for rent, Globalization
Infrastructure Land-use, R&D facilities, Business facilit
ies, Mgt facilities, Housing & settlement
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29. Benchmarking
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31. ZONING : Daedeok Innopolis
5
4
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32. Daedeok : R & D Facilities in DST
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34. Daedeok Techno Valley
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35. Daedeok Innopolis: Integrated development
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36. Daedeok : From DST to DI
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37. Daedeok : From DST to DI
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38. Daedeok : strategic milestone
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39. Daedeok : strategic milistone
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41. Stages of Development
By using Daedeok Innopolis as selected benchmark,
The proposed stage of development for Teknopolitan
would be as followings:
1st Stage: initial - Science park model
2nd Stage: growing - Technopolis model
3rd Stage: mature - Innovation Cluster model
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42. 1st stage of development - initial
R&D
Public R&D Technology
Institutes Business
Basic and Applied
Research Incubator
Spin off
HEI’s Starup firms
Infrastructure/Management
Land Allocation/Housing and Settlement:
Physical planning of Teknopolitan: Zoning, Land-use etc
Teknopolitan Adminstrative Office:
Limited management, Adminstration and maintenance
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43. 1st stage of development
1st stage contains three main functions: R&D, Business and
Infrastructure. Management is only limited to infrastructure-
related service
Research & Development
- HEIs and public R&D centers: the main role of development.
- Public research institutes focused on conducting national R&D
projects. Private R&D institutes formed a hierarchical relationshi
p with their mother firms and concentrated on R&D
Business & networked Teknopreneurship
- Business incubation is limited to start-ups in labs of HEIs or
R&D institutes (the Daedeok Science Town focused on non-
industrial basic science activities in the initial stage)
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44. 1st stage of development
Functional Features
Function Main Features Key Role
R&D -- HEI’s: a leading role of basic/applied research HEI’s natio
-- Public Institutes: Govt. Research Institute, to incre nal R&D ce
ase national capacity in science and technology, major nter
R&D projects supported by national government
Business - Technology transfer and commercialization
Activities
Spin-offs
- Venture firms (PPBT) that orginated from labs in HE
& I’s From
Networked
Entrepreneurship R&D labs
Infrastructure - TAO: a limited management office Mngt
Formed by Government, managing and operating
the teknopolitan Office
- Zoning ordinance for R&D (RUTR)
- Housing and settlement
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45. 1st stage of development
Main objectives in the 1st stage of the Teknopolitan devp. are:
- Constructing infrastructure
- Managing and operating the Science Park
- Constructing institutional infrastructure
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46. 2nd stage of development
Technopreneurship
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47. 2nd stage of development
teknopolitan
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48. Collaborative R&D scheme
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49. Business technopreneurship/One stop service mechanism
Management & Globalization
- Technology Commercialization
: the core topic of sustainable growth of
high-tech venture firms
: service activity,
technology marketing,
technology management,
technology commercialization,
advertisement of products,
- financial aid for venture firms,
marketing services,
institutional support,
various equipments,
facilities
(Teknopolitan)
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50. Functional features
Teknopolitan
Teknopolitan
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51. Infrastructure/Management
Infrastructure
- Industrial complex for venture firms and R&D
facilities to cover the request from
R&D centers for technology commercialization.
- Accessibility to the service facilities of quality of
life (housing and community facilities)
- The integration of cultural society
(emphasized to make best use of
mother town’s infrastructure)
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52. 3rd stage of development - mature
Teknopolitan
Link with MP3EI
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53. Teknopolitan
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56. References
Asheim, B. & Herstad, S., J. (2005) “Regional innovation systems, varieties of capitalis
m and non-local relations: challenges from the globalising economy” in R.A. Boschma
& R.C. Kloosterman (eds) Learning from clusters: a critical assessment from an econo
mic-geographical perspective, Dordrecht: Springer.
Dahlstrand, A. L. and Jacobsson, S. (2003) “Universities and technology-based entrep
reneurship in the Gothenburg region” Local Economy
SHARING OF KOREA'S STP EXPERIENCE: Daedeok Innopolis- STP program brochure
Science parks in China: a cautionary exploration: Stuart Macdonald, Yunfeng Deng
Regional Reasearch Intensive Clusters and science parks- European Commissio, Direct
orat Generale for Reaseach,2008
Kyungbuk Technopark, Yeungnam University (Korea) http://www.yeungnam.ac.kr/en
glish/research-3.html
United Kingdom Science Park Association, http://www.ukspa.org.uk/
Jennifer Hillner, “Skunk works, startups, and hungry VCs are making these 46 hubs th
e hot spots of the global high tech network,” kolom Venture Capital dari majalah Wire
d, edisi 8.07, July 2000. http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/8.07/silicon.html
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