SlideShare ist ein Scribd-Unternehmen logo
1 von 42
ROUTING
1. Routing is the method by which network devices direct messages across
networks to arrive at the correct destination.
2. All routers must have routing decisions.
3. They do this by looking ip information stored in their routing tables.
4. Every router contains a table of all locally-connected networks and the interfaces
that connected to them
5. Routing table also contain information about the routes, or paths, that the router
uses to reach other remote networks that are not locally attached.
6. A route has four main components
• Destination Value
• Mask
• Gateway or interface address
• Route cost or metric
7. To direct a message to the correct destination, the router looks at the destination IP
address in the packet and then looks for a matching route in the routing table.
8. The destination values in a routing table refer to destination network address.
FUNCTION OF ROUTERS
1. A router is networking device that connects a local network to other local networks.
2. The routers reads the network portion of the destination IP address and uses it to find
which one of the attached networks is the best way to forward the message to the
destination.
3. Routers encode and also decode the packet that is encapsulated within the frame.
4. Each port or interface on a router connects to a different local network.
5. Every router contains a table of all locally-connected networks and the interfaces that
connect to them. These routing tables can also contain information about the routers, or
paths, that the router uses to reach other remote networks that are not locally attached
6. Router maintains two tables i.e ARP and ROUTING table.
Routing types:-
MANUALLY:-Remote networks are manually entered into the route table using static
routes.
DYNAMICALLY:-remote routes are automatically learned using dynamic routing
protocol.
Anatomy of a Router
A Router is a Computer
Anatomy of a Router
Router CPU and OS
Anatomy of a Router
Router Memory
Memory
Volatile /
Non-Volatile
Stores
RAM Volatile
• Running IOS
• Running configuration file
• IP routing and ARP tables
• Packet buffer
ROM Non-Volatile
• Bootup instructions
• Basic diagnostic software
• Limited IOS
NVRAM Non-Volatile • Startup configuration file
Flash Non-Volatile
• IOS
• Other system files
Anatomy of a Router
Inside a Router
1. Power
Supply
2. Shield for WIC
3. Fan
4. SDRAM
5. NVRAM
6. CPU
7. Advanced
Integration
Module (AIM)
1 2 2
6
5
3
4
7
Anatomy of a Router
Router Backplane
Two 4 GB Flash Card Slots
Double-Wide EHWIC slots EHWIC 0 AUX
Port
LAN
Interfaces
USB
Ports
Console
USB Type B
Console
RJ45
Anatomy of a Router
Connecting to a Router
WAN
Interface
AUX
Port
LAN
Interfaces
Console
USB Type B
Console
RJ45
Anatomy of a Router
LAN and WAN Interfaces
Serial Interfaces
LAN Interfaces
Router Boot-up
Cisco IOS
The Cisco IOS operational details vary on different internetworking devices,
depending on the device’s purpose and feature set. However, Cisco IOS for
routers provides the following:
• Addressing
• Interfaces
• Routing
• Security
• QoS (Quality of service)
• Resources Management
Router Boot-up
Bootset Files
Router Boot-up
Router Bootup Process
INTRODUCTION OF CISCO PACKET TRACER
Software uses for initial setup
• PuTTY
• Secure CRT
• Tera Term
• Hyper Terminal
• OSX Terminal
COMMAND LINE INTERFACE
Programs - Accessories - Communication - HyperTerminal
Connect to window - select com1 - ok
IOS Modes
1.User EXEC Mode: – router> -
ping,show,enable,etc
2. Privileged EXEC Mode: – router#-
debug,reload,configure etc.
3.Gobal Configuration Mode:-router(config)#
Hostname,enable secret,ip route,interface etc.
4. Specific Configuration mode:-router(config-if)#
Configuration changes to specific part of the router like lines
and interfaces.
5. . ROMMON Mode:-rommon1>
From ROM monitor mode, you can boot the device or
perform diagnostic tests.
Basic show commands:-
router# show version
router# show flash
router# show interface
Router# show version
Cisco IOS Software, C1900 Software (C1900-UNIVERSALK9-M), Version 15.2(4)M1, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)
Technical Support: http://www.cisco.com/techsupport
Copyright (c) 1986-2012 by Cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Thu 26-Jul-12 19:34 by prod_rel_team
ROM: System Bootstrap, Version 15.0(1r)M15, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)
Router uptime is 10 hours, 9 minutes
System returned to ROM by power-on
System image file is "flash0:c1900-universalk9-mz.SPA.152-4.M1.bin"
Last reload type: Normal Reload
Last reload reason: power-on
<Output omitted>
Cisco CISCO1941/K9 (revision 1.0) with 446464K/77824K bytes of memory.
Processor board ID FTX1636848Z
2 Gigabit Ethernet interfaces
2 Serial(sync/async) interfaces
1 terminal line
DRAM configuration is 64 bits wide with parity disabled.
255K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory.
250880K bytes of ATA System CompactFlash 0 (Read/Write)
<Output omitted>
Technology Package License Information for Module:'c1900'
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Technology Technology-package Technology-package
Current Type Next reboot
------------------------------------------------------------------
ipbase ipbasek9 Permanent ipbasek9
security None None None
data None None None
Configuration register is 0x2142 (will be 0x2102 at next reload)
Configuring a Cisco Router
router>
* User Mode/User Executable Mode.
router> enable (enter)
Router#
*Privileged Mode/Enable Mode-Executable Mode.
Router# configure terminal (enter)
Router(config)#
*Global Configuration Mode
Router(config)#interface fastethernet 0/ s0 / s1 (enter)
Router(config-if)#
*Specific Configuration mode
Router(config)# line console 0 (enter)
Router(config-line)#password xxxxxx
Router(config-line)# login
Router(config)#username xxxxx password xxxxx
Router(config)# line console 0
Router(config-line)#login local
Router(config)#enable password xxxxx
Router(config)#enable secret xxxxxx
Router(config)#line vty 0 4
Router(config-line)#password xxxxx
Router(config)# login
Router(config)#service password-encryption
Router(config)# hostname HOR(enter)
HOR(config)#
SETTING USER MODE PASSWORD
TO SET PASSWORD FOR THE
PRIVILEGED MODE
SETTING PASSWORD FOR REMOTE
LOGIN
TO ENCRYPT ALL THE PASSWORDS
TO CHANGE HOST NAME
TO SET USERNAME & PASSWORD
FOR THE USER MODE
Show commands
Router# show running-config
Router# show startup-config
Router# show ip interface brief
Router# show ip route
Router# show protocols
ETC…
Commands copying from RAM TO NVRAM
Router # copy running config startup config
Configure Initial Settings
Router Configuration Steps
Router> enable
Router# configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line.
End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)# hostname R1
R1(config)#
192.168.10.0/24
R2
192.168.11.0/24
10.1.1.0/24
10.1.2.0/24
209.165.200.224 /30
.226
.10
.10
.10
.10
.1
.1.1
G0/1
.225
S0/0/0
G0/0
.1
R1
PC1
PC2
Router> en
Router# conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.
End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)# ho R1
R2(config)#
OR
R1(config)# enable secret class
R1(config)#
R1(config)# line console 0
R1(config-line)# password cisco
R1(config-line)# login
R1(config-line)# exit
R1(config)#
R1(config)# line vty 0 4
R1(config-line)# password cisco
R1(config-line)# login
R1(config-line)# exit
R1(config)#
R1(config)# service password-encryption
R1(config)#
R1(config)# banner motd #
Enter TEXT message. End with the character '#'.
***********************************************
WARNING: Unauthorized access is prohibited!
***********************************************
#
R1(config)#
R1# copy running-config startup-config
Destination filename [startup-config]?
Building configuration...
[OK]
R1#
Configure Interfaces
Configure LAN Interfaces
192.168.10.0/24
R2
192.168.11.0/24
10.1.1.0/24
10.1.2.0/24
209.165.200.224 /30
.226
.10
.10
.10
.10
.1
.1.1
G0/1
.225
S0/0/0
G0/0
.1
R1
PC1
PC2
R1# conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R1(config)#
R1(config)# interface gigabitethernet 0/0
R1(config-if)# ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)# description Link to LAN-10
R1(config-if)# no shutdown
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/0,
changed state to up
R1(config-if)# exit
R1(config)#
R1(config)# int g0/1
R1(config-if)# ip add 192.168.11.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)# des Link to LAN-11
R1(config-if)# no shut
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface GigabitEthernet0/1, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/1,
changed state to up
R1(config-if)# exit
R1(config)#
Configure Interfaces
Verify Interface Configuration
192.168.10.0/24
R2
192.168.11.0/24
10.1.1.0/24
10.1.2.0/24
209.165.200.224 /30
.226
.10
.10
.10
.10
.1
.1.1
G0/1
.225
S0/0/0
G0/0
.1
R1
PC1
PC2
R1# show ip interface brief
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
GigabitEthernet0/0 192.168.10.1 YES manual up up
GigabitEthernet0/1 192.168.11.1 YES manual up up
Serial0/0/0 209.165.200.225 YES manual up up
Serial0/0/1 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down
Vlan1 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down
R1#
R1# ping 209.165.200.226
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 209.165.200.226, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/2/9 ms
R1#
Configuring the Default Gateway
Default Gateway on a Host
192.168.10.0/24
192.168.11.0/24
G0/1
.1
.1
G0/0
R1
.10
PC1
.10
PC2
.10
PC4
.10
PC3
192.168.10.0/24
192.168.11.0/24
G0/1
.1
.1
G0/0
R1
.10
PC1
.11
PC2
.11
PC4
.10
PC3
Default Gateway
not needed
Default Gateway
needed
Configuring the Default Gateway
Default Gateway on a Switch
In static routing , we are manually adding the destination network to our routing table.
There are four types of IPv4 and IPv6 static routes.
STANDARD STATIC ROUTE
DEFAULT STATIC ROUTE
SUMMARY STATIC ROUTE
FLOATING STATIC ROUTE
Router (config)# ip route <destination N/w> <DSNM> <exit interface>
Example :-
Router (config)# ip route 30.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 20.0.0.2 (standard static route)
Router (config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.16.2.2 (default static route)
DYNAMIC ROUTING
There are two types of dynamic routing protocol
are used for routing:
1. DISTANCE VECTOR PROTOCOL (RIP,IGRP,EIGRP)
Identifies how far it is to the destination network and is based
on a metric such as the hop count,cost,bandwidth,delay.
2. LINK STATE PROTOCOL (OSPF,IS-IS)
Specifies the direction of the next-hop router or exit interface to
reach the destination.
3. BORDER GATEWAY PROTOCOL (BGP)
Path vector routing protocol.
RIP (ROUTING INFORMATION PROTOCOL)
1. To enable RIP routing for a network,use the network
network-address router configuration mode command.
2. Advertises the specified network in RIP routing updates
sent to their routers every 30 seconds.hold down time 180
secs,flushed after 240 secs.
3. Choose best path based on hop count ( max hop count -15).
RIP V1 RIP V2
Support VLSM NO YES
Support CIDR NO YES
Support Summarization NO YES
Support Authentication NO YES
Updates forward to Address 255.255.255.255 224.0.0.9
Maximum hop count 15 15
ROUTER 1
R1(config)# router RIP
R1(config-router)# version 2
R1(config-router)# network 192.168.1.0
R1(config-router)# network 192.168.3.0
R1(config-router)# no auto-summary
ROUTER 2
R1(config)# router RIP
R1(config-router)# version 2
R1(config-router)# network 192.168.2.0
R1(config-router)# network 192.168.3.0
R1(config-router)# no auto-summary
192.168.3.0
192.168.1.0 192.168.2.0
EIGRP(Enhanced Gateway Routing Protocol)
It is an advanced distance vector routing protocol developed by cisco systems.
1. Supports to classless Address
2. Resources uses medium.
3. Scalability large
4. Speed high
Types of EIGRP Packets:-
Hello Packets :- To discover routers
Updates Packets :- Convey routing information.
Acknowledge Packets :-Acknowledge the receipt of packets.
Query Packets :- Used to query routes from neighbors.
Reply Packets:- send in response to an EIGRP query.
Command for EIGRP :-
Router(config)# router eigrp autonomous-system
The autonomous-system between the number 1 and 65,535.
All routers within the EIGRP routing domain must use the same autonomous system
number.
R1(config)#router eigrp 100
R1(config-router)# network 192.168.0.0
R1(config-router)# network 57.35.169.0
OSPF(Open Shortest Path First)
OSPF features includes:-
Classless:- It is classless by design, therefore it supports VLSM
and CIDR.
Efficient :- it uses the SPF algorithm to choose the best path.
Fast Convergence :- It quickly propagates network changes.
Scalable :- It works well in small and large network sizes. Routers
can be grouped into areas to support a hierarchical system.
Secure :- OSPF routers only accept encrypted routing updates
from the peers with the same pre-shared password.
OSPF creates and maintain three databases :-
Adjacent databases – Create the neighbour table.
Link-state database (LSDB)-Create the topology table.
Forwarding database:- Create the routing table.
Routing Protocol Messages :-
OSPF exchanges messages to convey routing information using five types of
packets.
Hello packets
Database description packet
Link-state request packet
Link-state update packet
Link-state acknowledge packet
An OSPF area is a group of routers that share the same link-state information in
their LSDBs.
Single-Area OSPF – all routers are in one area called the backbone area (area 0)
Multiarea OSPF – OSPF is implemented using multiple areas, in a hierarchal
fashion. All areas must connect to the backbone area ( area 0).Routers
interconnecting the area referred to as Area Border Routers (ABR).
ROUTE SOURCE ADMINISTRATIVE DISTANCE
Connected 0
Static 1
EIGRP Summary route 5
External BGP 20
Internal EIGRP 90
IGRP 100
OSPF 110
IS-IS 115
External EIGRP 170
Internal BGP 200
1. Improved Security
2. Reduced cost
3. Better performance
4. Smaller broadcast domain
5. IT efficiency
6. Management efficiency
S1#show vlan brief
Default vlan is 1
1. All ports assigned to vlan to fwd data by default
2. NATIVE VLAN – native vlan is vlan 1 by default
3. Management vlan is vlan 1 by default
4. Vlan1 cannot be renamed or deleted.
PORT MODE
1. Access mode (default)
2. Trunk mode
10.0.0.2
20.0.0.2
Ip-20.0.0.1 255.0.0.0
Default gateway-20.0.0.100 255.0.0.0
Ip-10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0
Default gateway-10.0.0.100 255.0.0.0
Router on stick
S1(config)# vlan 10
S1(config-vlan)# name paybranch
S1(config)# interface fa0/1
S1(config-if)# switchport access vlan 10
S1(config)# vlan 20
S1(config-vlan)# name srbranch
S1(config)# interface fa0/11
S1(config-if)# switchport access vlan 20
S1(config)# interface range fa0/2-10
S1(config-if)# switchport access vlan 10
S1(config)# interface range fa0/12-20
S1(config-if)# switchport access vlan 20
S1(config)# interface fa0/24
S1(config-if)# switchport mode trunk
S1(config-if)#end
Router on Stick
Router(config)#int fa0/0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config)#interface fa0/0.10
Router(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1q 10
Router(config-subif)#ip address 10.0.0.100 255.0.0.0
Router(config)#interface fa0/0.20
Router(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1q 20
Router(config-subif)#ip address 20.0.0.100 255.0.0.0
Configuring Port Security on an Interface
To restrict traffic through a port by limiting and identifying MAC addresses of the stations allowed to access the
port, perform this task:
Command Purpose
Step 1 Switch(config)#
interface
interface_id
Enters interface configuration mode and enters
the physical interface to configure, for
example gigabitethernet 3/1.
Step 2 Switch(config-if)#
switchport mode
access
Sets the interface mode as access; an interface in
the default mode (dynamic desirable) cannot be
configured as a secure port.
Step 3 Switch(config-if)#
switchport port-
security
Enables port security on the interface.
Step 4 Switch(config-if)#
switchport port-
security maximum
value
(Optional) Sets the maximum number of secure
MAC addresses for the interface. The range is 1 to
3072; the default is 1.
Step 5 Switch(config-if)#
switchport port-
security violation
{restrict |
shutdown}
(Optional) Sets the violation mode, the action to
be taken when a security violation is detected, as
one of these:
•restrict—A port security violation restricts data
and causes the Security Violation counter to
increment and send an SNMP trap notification.
•shutdown—The interface is error-disabled when
a security violation occurs.
Note When a secure port is in the error-disabled
state, you can bring it out of this state by entering
the errdisable recovery cause psecure-
violation global configuration command or you
can manually reenable it by entering
the shutdown and no shut down interface
configuration commands.
Step 6 Switch(config-if)#
switchport port-
security limit rate
invalid-source-mac
Sets the rate limit for bad packets.
Step 7 Switch(config-if)#
switchport port-
security mac-
address
mac_address
(Optional) Enters a secure MAC address for the
interface. You can use this command to enter the
maximum number of secure MAC addresses. If
you configure fewer secure MAC addresses than
the maximum, the remaining MAC addresses are
dynamically learned.
Step 8 Switch(config-if)#
switchport port-
security mac-
address sticky
(Optional) Enable sticky learning on the interface.
Step 9 Switch(config-if)#
end
Returns to privileged EXEC mode.
Step 10 Switch# show
port-security
address
interface
interface_id
Switch# show
port-security
address
Verifies your entries.

Weitere ähnliche Inhalte

Was ist angesagt?

CCNA 1 Routing and Switching v5.0 Chapter 3
CCNA 1 Routing and Switching v5.0 Chapter 3CCNA 1 Routing and Switching v5.0 Chapter 3
CCNA 1 Routing and Switching v5.0 Chapter 3Nil Menon
 
routing basics - (static-default-dynamic)
routing basics - (static-default-dynamic)routing basics - (static-default-dynamic)
routing basics - (static-default-dynamic)Shanza Sohail
 
Routers and Routing Configuration
Routers and Routing ConfigurationRouters and Routing Configuration
Routers and Routing Configurationyasir1122
 
CCNA ppt Day 1
CCNA ppt Day 1CCNA ppt Day 1
CCNA ppt Day 1VISHNU N
 
CCNAv5 - S2: Chapter2 Basic Switching Concepts and Configuration
CCNAv5 - S2: Chapter2 Basic Switching Concepts and ConfigurationCCNAv5 - S2: Chapter2 Basic Switching Concepts and Configuration
CCNAv5 - S2: Chapter2 Basic Switching Concepts and ConfigurationVuz Dở Hơi
 
Ccna(routing &and switching)
Ccna(routing &and switching)Ccna(routing &and switching)
Ccna(routing &and switching)Shweta Kumari
 
Cisco router-commands
Cisco router-commandsCisco router-commands
Cisco router-commandsRobin Rohit
 
CCNA training 101
CCNA training 101CCNA training 101
CCNA training 101Rohan Reddy
 
Cisco Networking (Routing and Switching)
Cisco Networking (Routing and Switching)Cisco Networking (Routing and Switching)
Cisco Networking (Routing and Switching)Alan Mark
 
CCNA 2 Routing and Switching v5.0 Chapter 5
CCNA 2 Routing and Switching v5.0 Chapter 5CCNA 2 Routing and Switching v5.0 Chapter 5
CCNA 2 Routing and Switching v5.0 Chapter 5Nil Menon
 
CCNA Basic Switching and Switch Configuration
CCNA Basic Switching and Switch ConfigurationCCNA Basic Switching and Switch Configuration
CCNA Basic Switching and Switch ConfigurationDsunte Wilson
 
CCNA 2 Routing and Switching v5.0 Chapter 7
CCNA 2 Routing and Switching v5.0 Chapter 7CCNA 2 Routing and Switching v5.0 Chapter 7
CCNA 2 Routing and Switching v5.0 Chapter 7Nil Menon
 
CCNA - Routing & Switching Commands
CCNA - Routing & Switching CommandsCCNA - Routing & Switching Commands
CCNA - Routing & Switching CommandsEng. Emad Al-Atoum
 
CCNA 2 Routing and Switching v5.0 Chapter 3
CCNA 2 Routing and Switching v5.0 Chapter 3CCNA 2 Routing and Switching v5.0 Chapter 3
CCNA 2 Routing and Switching v5.0 Chapter 3Nil Menon
 

Was ist angesagt? (20)

CCNA 1 Routing and Switching v5.0 Chapter 3
CCNA 1 Routing and Switching v5.0 Chapter 3CCNA 1 Routing and Switching v5.0 Chapter 3
CCNA 1 Routing and Switching v5.0 Chapter 3
 
routing basics - (static-default-dynamic)
routing basics - (static-default-dynamic)routing basics - (static-default-dynamic)
routing basics - (static-default-dynamic)
 
CCNA presentation.
CCNA presentation.CCNA presentation.
CCNA presentation.
 
Routers and Routing Configuration
Routers and Routing ConfigurationRouters and Routing Configuration
Routers and Routing Configuration
 
Router configuration
Router configurationRouter configuration
Router configuration
 
CCNA ppt Day 1
CCNA ppt Day 1CCNA ppt Day 1
CCNA ppt Day 1
 
Router commands
Router commandsRouter commands
Router commands
 
Cisco Commands
Cisco CommandsCisco Commands
Cisco Commands
 
CCNAv5 - S2: Chapter2 Basic Switching Concepts and Configuration
CCNAv5 - S2: Chapter2 Basic Switching Concepts and ConfigurationCCNAv5 - S2: Chapter2 Basic Switching Concepts and Configuration
CCNAv5 - S2: Chapter2 Basic Switching Concepts and Configuration
 
Ccna(routing &and switching)
Ccna(routing &and switching)Ccna(routing &and switching)
Ccna(routing &and switching)
 
Cisco router-commands
Cisco router-commandsCisco router-commands
Cisco router-commands
 
Spanning tree protocol
Spanning tree protocolSpanning tree protocol
Spanning tree protocol
 
OSPF Basics
OSPF BasicsOSPF Basics
OSPF Basics
 
CCNA training 101
CCNA training 101CCNA training 101
CCNA training 101
 
Cisco Networking (Routing and Switching)
Cisco Networking (Routing and Switching)Cisco Networking (Routing and Switching)
Cisco Networking (Routing and Switching)
 
CCNA 2 Routing and Switching v5.0 Chapter 5
CCNA 2 Routing and Switching v5.0 Chapter 5CCNA 2 Routing and Switching v5.0 Chapter 5
CCNA 2 Routing and Switching v5.0 Chapter 5
 
CCNA Basic Switching and Switch Configuration
CCNA Basic Switching and Switch ConfigurationCCNA Basic Switching and Switch Configuration
CCNA Basic Switching and Switch Configuration
 
CCNA 2 Routing and Switching v5.0 Chapter 7
CCNA 2 Routing and Switching v5.0 Chapter 7CCNA 2 Routing and Switching v5.0 Chapter 7
CCNA 2 Routing and Switching v5.0 Chapter 7
 
CCNA - Routing & Switching Commands
CCNA - Routing & Switching CommandsCCNA - Routing & Switching Commands
CCNA - Routing & Switching Commands
 
CCNA 2 Routing and Switching v5.0 Chapter 3
CCNA 2 Routing and Switching v5.0 Chapter 3CCNA 2 Routing and Switching v5.0 Chapter 3
CCNA 2 Routing and Switching v5.0 Chapter 3
 

Ähnlich wie Cisco router basic

CCNA at a glance
CCNA at a glanceCCNA at a glance
CCNA at a glanceVikas Raut
 
chapter 1 &2 RIPv1&2.ppt
chapter 1 &2 RIPv1&2.pptchapter 1 &2 RIPv1&2.ppt
chapter 1 &2 RIPv1&2.pptbirhanugebisa1
 
CCNA ppt Day 4
CCNA ppt Day 4CCNA ppt Day 4
CCNA ppt Day 4VISHNU N
 
Intro to router_config
Intro to router_configIntro to router_config
Intro to router_config97148881557
 
Cisco router configuration
Cisco router configurationCisco router configuration
Cisco router configurationvin424
 
Intro to router_config
Intro to router_configIntro to router_config
Intro to router_configarjuntrk
 
Routing of netwok protocls and how .pptx
Routing of netwok protocls and how .pptxRouting of netwok protocls and how .pptx
Routing of netwok protocls and how .pptxsayidkhalif
 
Ccnav5.org ccna 3-v50_practice_final_exam_2014
Ccnav5.org ccna 3-v50_practice_final_exam_2014Ccnav5.org ccna 3-v50_practice_final_exam_2014
Ccnav5.org ccna 3-v50_practice_final_exam_2014Đồng Quốc Vương
 
All contents are Copyright © 1992–2012 Cisco Systems, Inc. A.docx
All contents are Copyright © 1992–2012 Cisco Systems, Inc. A.docxAll contents are Copyright © 1992–2012 Cisco Systems, Inc. A.docx
All contents are Copyright © 1992–2012 Cisco Systems, Inc. A.docxgalerussel59292
 
Router configuration
Router configurationRouter configuration
Router configuration97148881557
 
Network Design on cisco packet tracer 6.0
Network Design on cisco packet tracer 6.0Network Design on cisco packet tracer 6.0
Network Design on cisco packet tracer 6.0Saurav Pandey
 

Ähnlich wie Cisco router basic (20)

Ccna2 ass
Ccna2 assCcna2 ass
Ccna2 ass
 
06 tk 1073 network layer
06   tk 1073 network layer06   tk 1073 network layer
06 tk 1073 network layer
 
Clase 4. Routing IP.pdf
Clase 4. Routing IP.pdfClase 4. Routing IP.pdf
Clase 4. Routing IP.pdf
 
CCNA at a glance
CCNA at a glanceCCNA at a glance
CCNA at a glance
 
CCNA CheatSheet
CCNA CheatSheetCCNA CheatSheet
CCNA CheatSheet
 
chapter 1 &2 RIPv1&2.ppt
chapter 1 &2 RIPv1&2.pptchapter 1 &2 RIPv1&2.ppt
chapter 1 &2 RIPv1&2.ppt
 
CCNA ppt Day 4
CCNA ppt Day 4CCNA ppt Day 4
CCNA ppt Day 4
 
Intro to router_config
Intro to router_configIntro to router_config
Intro to router_config
 
Cisco router configuration
Cisco router configurationCisco router configuration
Cisco router configuration
 
CCNA
CCNACCNA
CCNA
 
Intro to router_config
Intro to router_configIntro to router_config
Intro to router_config
 
Routing of netwok protocls and how .pptx
Routing of netwok protocls and how .pptxRouting of netwok protocls and how .pptx
Routing of netwok protocls and how .pptx
 
Ccnav5.org ccna 3-v50_practice_final_exam_2014
Ccnav5.org ccna 3-v50_practice_final_exam_2014Ccnav5.org ccna 3-v50_practice_final_exam_2014
Ccnav5.org ccna 3-v50_practice_final_exam_2014
 
CCNA complete.ppt
CCNA complete.pptCCNA complete.ppt
CCNA complete.ppt
 
All contents are Copyright © 1992–2012 Cisco Systems, Inc. A.docx
All contents are Copyright © 1992–2012 Cisco Systems, Inc. A.docxAll contents are Copyright © 1992–2012 Cisco Systems, Inc. A.docx
All contents are Copyright © 1992–2012 Cisco Systems, Inc. A.docx
 
Router configuration
Router configurationRouter configuration
Router configuration
 
Examen ccna capitulo 6 en ingles
Examen ccna capitulo 6 en inglesExamen ccna capitulo 6 en ingles
Examen ccna capitulo 6 en ingles
 
C C N A Day2
C C N A  Day2C C N A  Day2
C C N A Day2
 
Network Design on cisco packet tracer 6.0
Network Design on cisco packet tracer 6.0Network Design on cisco packet tracer 6.0
Network Design on cisco packet tracer 6.0
 
CCNA 1 Chapter 6 v5.0 2014
CCNA 1 Chapter 6 v5.0 2014CCNA 1 Chapter 6 v5.0 2014
CCNA 1 Chapter 6 v5.0 2014
 

Mehr von Tapan Khilar

CYBER SECURITY AWARENESS.pptx
CYBER SECURITY AWARENESS.pptxCYBER SECURITY AWARENESS.pptx
CYBER SECURITY AWARENESS.pptxTapan Khilar
 
SNMP_ network monitoring.pptx
SNMP_ network monitoring.pptxSNMP_ network monitoring.pptx
SNMP_ network monitoring.pptxTapan Khilar
 
cctv setup (2).pptx
cctv setup (2).pptxcctv setup (2).pptx
cctv setup (2).pptxTapan Khilar
 
cyber security.pptx
cyber security.pptxcyber security.pptx
cyber security.pptxTapan Khilar
 
IT ACT 2000 _ AA 2008_TAPAN.pptx
IT ACT 2000 _ AA 2008_TAPAN.pptxIT ACT 2000 _ AA 2008_TAPAN.pptx
IT ACT 2000 _ AA 2008_TAPAN.pptxTapan Khilar
 
mobile security.pptx
mobile security.pptxmobile security.pptx
mobile security.pptxTapan Khilar
 
Snmp network monitoring
Snmp  network monitoringSnmp  network monitoring
Snmp network monitoringTapan Khilar
 
Server operating system
Server operating systemServer operating system
Server operating systemTapan Khilar
 
Memory and storage
Memory and storageMemory and storage
Memory and storageTapan Khilar
 
Input and output device
Input and output deviceInput and output device
Input and output deviceTapan Khilar
 
I series processor
I series  processorI series  processor
I series processorTapan Khilar
 

Mehr von Tapan Khilar (20)

CYBER SECURITY AWARENESS.pptx
CYBER SECURITY AWARENESS.pptxCYBER SECURITY AWARENESS.pptx
CYBER SECURITY AWARENESS.pptx
 
SNMP_ network monitoring.pptx
SNMP_ network monitoring.pptxSNMP_ network monitoring.pptx
SNMP_ network monitoring.pptx
 
cctv setup (2).pptx
cctv setup (2).pptxcctv setup (2).pptx
cctv setup (2).pptx
 
FIBER OPTICS .ppt
FIBER OPTICS .pptFIBER OPTICS .ppt
FIBER OPTICS .ppt
 
IDS VS IPS.pptx
IDS VS IPS.pptxIDS VS IPS.pptx
IDS VS IPS.pptx
 
cyber security.pptx
cyber security.pptxcyber security.pptx
cyber security.pptx
 
IT ACT 2000 _ AA 2008_TAPAN.pptx
IT ACT 2000 _ AA 2008_TAPAN.pptxIT ACT 2000 _ AA 2008_TAPAN.pptx
IT ACT 2000 _ AA 2008_TAPAN.pptx
 
mobile security.pptx
mobile security.pptxmobile security.pptx
mobile security.pptx
 
Acl cisco
Acl ciscoAcl cisco
Acl cisco
 
Data security
Data securityData security
Data security
 
Snmp network monitoring
Snmp  network monitoringSnmp  network monitoring
Snmp network monitoring
 
Server operating system
Server operating systemServer operating system
Server operating system
 
Operating systems
Operating systemsOperating systems
Operating systems
 
Network switch
Network switchNetwork switch
Network switch
 
Network devices
Network devicesNetwork devices
Network devices
 
Memory and storage
Memory and storageMemory and storage
Memory and storage
 
Ip addressing
Ip addressingIp addressing
Ip addressing
 
Internet security
Internet securityInternet security
Internet security
 
Input and output device
Input and output deviceInput and output device
Input and output device
 
I series processor
I series  processorI series  processor
I series processor
 

Kürzlich hochgeladen

Top profile Call Girls In Palghar [ 7014168258 ] Call Me For Genuine Models W...
Top profile Call Girls In Palghar [ 7014168258 ] Call Me For Genuine Models W...Top profile Call Girls In Palghar [ 7014168258 ] Call Me For Genuine Models W...
Top profile Call Girls In Palghar [ 7014168258 ] Call Me For Genuine Models W...gajnagarg
 
怎样办理斯威本科技大学毕业证(SUT毕业证书)成绩单留信认证
怎样办理斯威本科技大学毕业证(SUT毕业证书)成绩单留信认证怎样办理斯威本科技大学毕业证(SUT毕业证书)成绩单留信认证
怎样办理斯威本科技大学毕业证(SUT毕业证书)成绩单留信认证tufbav
 
Vashi Affordable Call Girls ,07506202331,Vasai Virar Charming Call Girl
Vashi Affordable Call Girls ,07506202331,Vasai Virar Charming Call GirlVashi Affordable Call Girls ,07506202331,Vasai Virar Charming Call Girl
Vashi Affordable Call Girls ,07506202331,Vasai Virar Charming Call GirlPriya Reddy
 
在线制作(ANU毕业证书)澳大利亚国立大学毕业证成绩单原版一比一
在线制作(ANU毕业证书)澳大利亚国立大学毕业证成绩单原版一比一在线制作(ANU毕业证书)澳大利亚国立大学毕业证成绩单原版一比一
在线制作(ANU毕业证书)澳大利亚国立大学毕业证成绩单原版一比一ougvy
 
LANDSLIDE MONITORING AND ALERT SYSTEM FINAL YEAR PROJECT BROCHURE
LANDSLIDE MONITORING AND ALERT SYSTEM FINAL YEAR PROJECT BROCHURELANDSLIDE MONITORING AND ALERT SYSTEM FINAL YEAR PROJECT BROCHURE
LANDSLIDE MONITORING AND ALERT SYSTEM FINAL YEAR PROJECT BROCHUREF2081syahirahliyana
 
怎样办理阿德莱德大学毕业证(Adelaide毕业证书)成绩单留信认证
怎样办理阿德莱德大学毕业证(Adelaide毕业证书)成绩单留信认证怎样办理阿德莱德大学毕业证(Adelaide毕业证书)成绩单留信认证
怎样办理阿德莱德大学毕业证(Adelaide毕业证书)成绩单留信认证ehyxf
 
Low Cost Patna Call Girls Service Just Call 🍑👄6378878445 🍑👄 Top Class Call Gi...
Low Cost Patna Call Girls Service Just Call 🍑👄6378878445 🍑👄 Top Class Call Gi...Low Cost Patna Call Girls Service Just Call 🍑👄6378878445 🍑👄 Top Class Call Gi...
Low Cost Patna Call Girls Service Just Call 🍑👄6378878445 🍑👄 Top Class Call Gi...vershagrag
 
CRISIS COMMUNICATION presentation=-Rishabh(11195)-group ppt (4).pptx
CRISIS COMMUNICATION presentation=-Rishabh(11195)-group ppt (4).pptxCRISIS COMMUNICATION presentation=-Rishabh(11195)-group ppt (4).pptx
CRISIS COMMUNICATION presentation=-Rishabh(11195)-group ppt (4).pptxRishabh332761
 
一比一定(购)新西兰林肯大学毕业证(Lincoln毕业证)成绩单学位证
一比一定(购)新西兰林肯大学毕业证(Lincoln毕业证)成绩单学位证一比一定(购)新西兰林肯大学毕业证(Lincoln毕业证)成绩单学位证
一比一定(购)新西兰林肯大学毕业证(Lincoln毕业证)成绩单学位证wpkuukw
 
Abort pregnancy in research centre+966_505195917 abortion pills in Kuwait cyt...
Abort pregnancy in research centre+966_505195917 abortion pills in Kuwait cyt...Abort pregnancy in research centre+966_505195917 abortion pills in Kuwait cyt...
Abort pregnancy in research centre+966_505195917 abortion pills in Kuwait cyt...drmarathore
 
Hilti's Latest Battery - Hire Depot.pptx
Hilti's Latest Battery - Hire Depot.pptxHilti's Latest Battery - Hire Depot.pptx
Hilti's Latest Battery - Hire Depot.pptxhiredepot6
 
🌹Patia⬅️ Vip Call Girls Bhubaneswar 📱9777949614 Book Well Trand Call Girls In...
🌹Patia⬅️ Vip Call Girls Bhubaneswar 📱9777949614 Book Well Trand Call Girls In...🌹Patia⬅️ Vip Call Girls Bhubaneswar 📱9777949614 Book Well Trand Call Girls In...
🌹Patia⬅️ Vip Call Girls Bhubaneswar 📱9777949614 Book Well Trand Call Girls In...Call Girls Mumbai
 
怎样办理圣芭芭拉分校毕业证(UCSB毕业证书)成绩单留信认证
怎样办理圣芭芭拉分校毕业证(UCSB毕业证书)成绩单留信认证怎样办理圣芭芭拉分校毕业证(UCSB毕业证书)成绩单留信认证
怎样办理圣芭芭拉分校毕业证(UCSB毕业证书)成绩单留信认证ehyxf
 
Call Girls Amethi 9332606886 HOT & SEXY Models beautiful and charming call g...
Call Girls Amethi  9332606886 HOT & SEXY Models beautiful and charming call g...Call Girls Amethi  9332606886 HOT & SEXY Models beautiful and charming call g...
Call Girls Amethi 9332606886 HOT & SEXY Models beautiful and charming call g...Sareena Khatun
 
一比一原版(USYD毕业证书)澳洲悉尼大学毕业证如何办理
一比一原版(USYD毕业证书)澳洲悉尼大学毕业证如何办理一比一原版(USYD毕业证书)澳洲悉尼大学毕业证如何办理
一比一原版(USYD毕业证书)澳洲悉尼大学毕业证如何办理uodye
 
Abortion pills in Jeddah +966572737505 <> buy cytotec <> unwanted kit Saudi A...
Abortion pills in Jeddah +966572737505 <> buy cytotec <> unwanted kit Saudi A...Abortion pills in Jeddah +966572737505 <> buy cytotec <> unwanted kit Saudi A...
Abortion pills in Jeddah +966572737505 <> buy cytotec <> unwanted kit Saudi A...samsungultra782445
 
Mass storage systems presentation operating systems
Mass storage systems presentation operating systemsMass storage systems presentation operating systems
Mass storage systems presentation operating systemsnight1ng4ale
 
Guwahati Escorts Service Girl ^ 9332606886, WhatsApp Anytime Guwahati
Guwahati Escorts Service Girl ^ 9332606886, WhatsApp Anytime GuwahatiGuwahati Escorts Service Girl ^ 9332606886, WhatsApp Anytime Guwahati
Guwahati Escorts Service Girl ^ 9332606886, WhatsApp Anytime Guwahatimeghakumariji156
 
Point of Care Testing in clinical laboratory
Point of Care Testing in clinical laboratoryPoint of Care Testing in clinical laboratory
Point of Care Testing in clinical laboratoryoyebolasonuga14
 

Kürzlich hochgeladen (20)

Top profile Call Girls In Palghar [ 7014168258 ] Call Me For Genuine Models W...
Top profile Call Girls In Palghar [ 7014168258 ] Call Me For Genuine Models W...Top profile Call Girls In Palghar [ 7014168258 ] Call Me For Genuine Models W...
Top profile Call Girls In Palghar [ 7014168258 ] Call Me For Genuine Models W...
 
怎样办理斯威本科技大学毕业证(SUT毕业证书)成绩单留信认证
怎样办理斯威本科技大学毕业证(SUT毕业证书)成绩单留信认证怎样办理斯威本科技大学毕业证(SUT毕业证书)成绩单留信认证
怎样办理斯威本科技大学毕业证(SUT毕业证书)成绩单留信认证
 
Vashi Affordable Call Girls ,07506202331,Vasai Virar Charming Call Girl
Vashi Affordable Call Girls ,07506202331,Vasai Virar Charming Call GirlVashi Affordable Call Girls ,07506202331,Vasai Virar Charming Call Girl
Vashi Affordable Call Girls ,07506202331,Vasai Virar Charming Call Girl
 
在线制作(ANU毕业证书)澳大利亚国立大学毕业证成绩单原版一比一
在线制作(ANU毕业证书)澳大利亚国立大学毕业证成绩单原版一比一在线制作(ANU毕业证书)澳大利亚国立大学毕业证成绩单原版一比一
在线制作(ANU毕业证书)澳大利亚国立大学毕业证成绩单原版一比一
 
LANDSLIDE MONITORING AND ALERT SYSTEM FINAL YEAR PROJECT BROCHURE
LANDSLIDE MONITORING AND ALERT SYSTEM FINAL YEAR PROJECT BROCHURELANDSLIDE MONITORING AND ALERT SYSTEM FINAL YEAR PROJECT BROCHURE
LANDSLIDE MONITORING AND ALERT SYSTEM FINAL YEAR PROJECT BROCHURE
 
怎样办理阿德莱德大学毕业证(Adelaide毕业证书)成绩单留信认证
怎样办理阿德莱德大学毕业证(Adelaide毕业证书)成绩单留信认证怎样办理阿德莱德大学毕业证(Adelaide毕业证书)成绩单留信认证
怎样办理阿德莱德大学毕业证(Adelaide毕业证书)成绩单留信认证
 
Low Cost Patna Call Girls Service Just Call 🍑👄6378878445 🍑👄 Top Class Call Gi...
Low Cost Patna Call Girls Service Just Call 🍑👄6378878445 🍑👄 Top Class Call Gi...Low Cost Patna Call Girls Service Just Call 🍑👄6378878445 🍑👄 Top Class Call Gi...
Low Cost Patna Call Girls Service Just Call 🍑👄6378878445 🍑👄 Top Class Call Gi...
 
CRISIS COMMUNICATION presentation=-Rishabh(11195)-group ppt (4).pptx
CRISIS COMMUNICATION presentation=-Rishabh(11195)-group ppt (4).pptxCRISIS COMMUNICATION presentation=-Rishabh(11195)-group ppt (4).pptx
CRISIS COMMUNICATION presentation=-Rishabh(11195)-group ppt (4).pptx
 
一比一定(购)新西兰林肯大学毕业证(Lincoln毕业证)成绩单学位证
一比一定(购)新西兰林肯大学毕业证(Lincoln毕业证)成绩单学位证一比一定(购)新西兰林肯大学毕业证(Lincoln毕业证)成绩单学位证
一比一定(购)新西兰林肯大学毕业证(Lincoln毕业证)成绩单学位证
 
Abort pregnancy in research centre+966_505195917 abortion pills in Kuwait cyt...
Abort pregnancy in research centre+966_505195917 abortion pills in Kuwait cyt...Abort pregnancy in research centre+966_505195917 abortion pills in Kuwait cyt...
Abort pregnancy in research centre+966_505195917 abortion pills in Kuwait cyt...
 
Hilti's Latest Battery - Hire Depot.pptx
Hilti's Latest Battery - Hire Depot.pptxHilti's Latest Battery - Hire Depot.pptx
Hilti's Latest Battery - Hire Depot.pptx
 
🌹Patia⬅️ Vip Call Girls Bhubaneswar 📱9777949614 Book Well Trand Call Girls In...
🌹Patia⬅️ Vip Call Girls Bhubaneswar 📱9777949614 Book Well Trand Call Girls In...🌹Patia⬅️ Vip Call Girls Bhubaneswar 📱9777949614 Book Well Trand Call Girls In...
🌹Patia⬅️ Vip Call Girls Bhubaneswar 📱9777949614 Book Well Trand Call Girls In...
 
怎样办理圣芭芭拉分校毕业证(UCSB毕业证书)成绩单留信认证
怎样办理圣芭芭拉分校毕业证(UCSB毕业证书)成绩单留信认证怎样办理圣芭芭拉分校毕业证(UCSB毕业证书)成绩单留信认证
怎样办理圣芭芭拉分校毕业证(UCSB毕业证书)成绩单留信认证
 
Call Girls Amethi 9332606886 HOT & SEXY Models beautiful and charming call g...
Call Girls Amethi  9332606886 HOT & SEXY Models beautiful and charming call g...Call Girls Amethi  9332606886 HOT & SEXY Models beautiful and charming call g...
Call Girls Amethi 9332606886 HOT & SEXY Models beautiful and charming call g...
 
一比一原版(USYD毕业证书)澳洲悉尼大学毕业证如何办理
一比一原版(USYD毕业证书)澳洲悉尼大学毕业证如何办理一比一原版(USYD毕业证书)澳洲悉尼大学毕业证如何办理
一比一原版(USYD毕业证书)澳洲悉尼大学毕业证如何办理
 
Abortion pills in Jeddah +966572737505 <> buy cytotec <> unwanted kit Saudi A...
Abortion pills in Jeddah +966572737505 <> buy cytotec <> unwanted kit Saudi A...Abortion pills in Jeddah +966572737505 <> buy cytotec <> unwanted kit Saudi A...
Abortion pills in Jeddah +966572737505 <> buy cytotec <> unwanted kit Saudi A...
 
Mass storage systems presentation operating systems
Mass storage systems presentation operating systemsMass storage systems presentation operating systems
Mass storage systems presentation operating systems
 
Abortion pills in Jeddah |+966572737505 | Get Cytotec
Abortion pills in Jeddah |+966572737505 | Get CytotecAbortion pills in Jeddah |+966572737505 | Get Cytotec
Abortion pills in Jeddah |+966572737505 | Get Cytotec
 
Guwahati Escorts Service Girl ^ 9332606886, WhatsApp Anytime Guwahati
Guwahati Escorts Service Girl ^ 9332606886, WhatsApp Anytime GuwahatiGuwahati Escorts Service Girl ^ 9332606886, WhatsApp Anytime Guwahati
Guwahati Escorts Service Girl ^ 9332606886, WhatsApp Anytime Guwahati
 
Point of Care Testing in clinical laboratory
Point of Care Testing in clinical laboratoryPoint of Care Testing in clinical laboratory
Point of Care Testing in clinical laboratory
 

Cisco router basic

  • 1. ROUTING 1. Routing is the method by which network devices direct messages across networks to arrive at the correct destination. 2. All routers must have routing decisions. 3. They do this by looking ip information stored in their routing tables. 4. Every router contains a table of all locally-connected networks and the interfaces that connected to them 5. Routing table also contain information about the routes, or paths, that the router uses to reach other remote networks that are not locally attached. 6. A route has four main components • Destination Value • Mask • Gateway or interface address • Route cost or metric 7. To direct a message to the correct destination, the router looks at the destination IP address in the packet and then looks for a matching route in the routing table. 8. The destination values in a routing table refer to destination network address.
  • 2. FUNCTION OF ROUTERS 1. A router is networking device that connects a local network to other local networks. 2. The routers reads the network portion of the destination IP address and uses it to find which one of the attached networks is the best way to forward the message to the destination. 3. Routers encode and also decode the packet that is encapsulated within the frame. 4. Each port or interface on a router connects to a different local network. 5. Every router contains a table of all locally-connected networks and the interfaces that connect to them. These routing tables can also contain information about the routers, or paths, that the router uses to reach other remote networks that are not locally attached 6. Router maintains two tables i.e ARP and ROUTING table.
  • 3. Routing types:- MANUALLY:-Remote networks are manually entered into the route table using static routes. DYNAMICALLY:-remote routes are automatically learned using dynamic routing protocol.
  • 4. Anatomy of a Router A Router is a Computer
  • 5. Anatomy of a Router Router CPU and OS
  • 6. Anatomy of a Router Router Memory Memory Volatile / Non-Volatile Stores RAM Volatile • Running IOS • Running configuration file • IP routing and ARP tables • Packet buffer ROM Non-Volatile • Bootup instructions • Basic diagnostic software • Limited IOS NVRAM Non-Volatile • Startup configuration file Flash Non-Volatile • IOS • Other system files
  • 7. Anatomy of a Router Inside a Router 1. Power Supply 2. Shield for WIC 3. Fan 4. SDRAM 5. NVRAM 6. CPU 7. Advanced Integration Module (AIM) 1 2 2 6 5 3 4 7
  • 8. Anatomy of a Router Router Backplane Two 4 GB Flash Card Slots Double-Wide EHWIC slots EHWIC 0 AUX Port LAN Interfaces USB Ports Console USB Type B Console RJ45
  • 9. Anatomy of a Router Connecting to a Router WAN Interface AUX Port LAN Interfaces Console USB Type B Console RJ45
  • 10. Anatomy of a Router LAN and WAN Interfaces Serial Interfaces LAN Interfaces
  • 11. Router Boot-up Cisco IOS The Cisco IOS operational details vary on different internetworking devices, depending on the device’s purpose and feature set. However, Cisco IOS for routers provides the following: • Addressing • Interfaces • Routing • Security • QoS (Quality of service) • Resources Management
  • 14. INTRODUCTION OF CISCO PACKET TRACER
  • 15. Software uses for initial setup • PuTTY • Secure CRT • Tera Term • Hyper Terminal • OSX Terminal COMMAND LINE INTERFACE Programs - Accessories - Communication - HyperTerminal Connect to window - select com1 - ok
  • 16. IOS Modes 1.User EXEC Mode: – router> - ping,show,enable,etc 2. Privileged EXEC Mode: – router#- debug,reload,configure etc. 3.Gobal Configuration Mode:-router(config)# Hostname,enable secret,ip route,interface etc. 4. Specific Configuration mode:-router(config-if)# Configuration changes to specific part of the router like lines and interfaces. 5. . ROMMON Mode:-rommon1> From ROM monitor mode, you can boot the device or perform diagnostic tests.
  • 17. Basic show commands:- router# show version router# show flash router# show interface Router# show version Cisco IOS Software, C1900 Software (C1900-UNIVERSALK9-M), Version 15.2(4)M1, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1) Technical Support: http://www.cisco.com/techsupport Copyright (c) 1986-2012 by Cisco Systems, Inc. Compiled Thu 26-Jul-12 19:34 by prod_rel_team ROM: System Bootstrap, Version 15.0(1r)M15, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1) Router uptime is 10 hours, 9 minutes System returned to ROM by power-on System image file is "flash0:c1900-universalk9-mz.SPA.152-4.M1.bin" Last reload type: Normal Reload Last reload reason: power-on <Output omitted> Cisco CISCO1941/K9 (revision 1.0) with 446464K/77824K bytes of memory. Processor board ID FTX1636848Z 2 Gigabit Ethernet interfaces 2 Serial(sync/async) interfaces 1 terminal line DRAM configuration is 64 bits wide with parity disabled. 255K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory. 250880K bytes of ATA System CompactFlash 0 (Read/Write) <Output omitted> Technology Package License Information for Module:'c1900' ----------------------------------------------------------------- Technology Technology-package Technology-package Current Type Next reboot ------------------------------------------------------------------ ipbase ipbasek9 Permanent ipbasek9 security None None None data None None None Configuration register is 0x2142 (will be 0x2102 at next reload)
  • 18. Configuring a Cisco Router router> * User Mode/User Executable Mode. router> enable (enter) Router# *Privileged Mode/Enable Mode-Executable Mode. Router# configure terminal (enter) Router(config)# *Global Configuration Mode Router(config)#interface fastethernet 0/ s0 / s1 (enter) Router(config-if)# *Specific Configuration mode
  • 19. Router(config)# line console 0 (enter) Router(config-line)#password xxxxxx Router(config-line)# login Router(config)#username xxxxx password xxxxx Router(config)# line console 0 Router(config-line)#login local Router(config)#enable password xxxxx Router(config)#enable secret xxxxxx Router(config)#line vty 0 4 Router(config-line)#password xxxxx Router(config)# login Router(config)#service password-encryption Router(config)# hostname HOR(enter) HOR(config)# SETTING USER MODE PASSWORD TO SET PASSWORD FOR THE PRIVILEGED MODE SETTING PASSWORD FOR REMOTE LOGIN TO ENCRYPT ALL THE PASSWORDS TO CHANGE HOST NAME TO SET USERNAME & PASSWORD FOR THE USER MODE
  • 20. Show commands Router# show running-config Router# show startup-config Router# show ip interface brief Router# show ip route Router# show protocols ETC… Commands copying from RAM TO NVRAM Router # copy running config startup config
  • 21. Configure Initial Settings Router Configuration Steps Router> enable Router# configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)# hostname R1 R1(config)# 192.168.10.0/24 R2 192.168.11.0/24 10.1.1.0/24 10.1.2.0/24 209.165.200.224 /30 .226 .10 .10 .10 .10 .1 .1.1 G0/1 .225 S0/0/0 G0/0 .1 R1 PC1 PC2 Router> en Router# conf t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)# ho R1 R2(config)# OR R1(config)# enable secret class R1(config)# R1(config)# line console 0 R1(config-line)# password cisco R1(config-line)# login R1(config-line)# exit R1(config)# R1(config)# line vty 0 4 R1(config-line)# password cisco R1(config-line)# login R1(config-line)# exit R1(config)# R1(config)# service password-encryption R1(config)# R1(config)# banner motd # Enter TEXT message. End with the character '#'. *********************************************** WARNING: Unauthorized access is prohibited! *********************************************** # R1(config)# R1# copy running-config startup-config Destination filename [startup-config]? Building configuration... [OK] R1#
  • 22. Configure Interfaces Configure LAN Interfaces 192.168.10.0/24 R2 192.168.11.0/24 10.1.1.0/24 10.1.2.0/24 209.165.200.224 /30 .226 .10 .10 .10 .10 .1 .1.1 G0/1 .225 S0/0/0 G0/0 .1 R1 PC1 PC2 R1# conf t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. R1(config)# R1(config)# interface gigabitethernet 0/0 R1(config-if)# ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0 R1(config-if)# description Link to LAN-10 R1(config-if)# no shutdown %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0, changed state to up %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/0, changed state to up R1(config-if)# exit R1(config)# R1(config)# int g0/1 R1(config-if)# ip add 192.168.11.1 255.255.255.0 R1(config-if)# des Link to LAN-11 R1(config-if)# no shut %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface GigabitEthernet0/1, changed state to up %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/1, changed state to up R1(config-if)# exit R1(config)#
  • 23. Configure Interfaces Verify Interface Configuration 192.168.10.0/24 R2 192.168.11.0/24 10.1.1.0/24 10.1.2.0/24 209.165.200.224 /30 .226 .10 .10 .10 .10 .1 .1.1 G0/1 .225 S0/0/0 G0/0 .1 R1 PC1 PC2 R1# show ip interface brief Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol GigabitEthernet0/0 192.168.10.1 YES manual up up GigabitEthernet0/1 192.168.11.1 YES manual up up Serial0/0/0 209.165.200.225 YES manual up up Serial0/0/1 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down Vlan1 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down R1# R1# ping 209.165.200.226 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 209.165.200.226, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/2/9 ms R1#
  • 24. Configuring the Default Gateway Default Gateway on a Host 192.168.10.0/24 192.168.11.0/24 G0/1 .1 .1 G0/0 R1 .10 PC1 .10 PC2 .10 PC4 .10 PC3 192.168.10.0/24 192.168.11.0/24 G0/1 .1 .1 G0/0 R1 .10 PC1 .11 PC2 .11 PC4 .10 PC3 Default Gateway not needed Default Gateway needed
  • 25. Configuring the Default Gateway Default Gateway on a Switch
  • 26. In static routing , we are manually adding the destination network to our routing table. There are four types of IPv4 and IPv6 static routes. STANDARD STATIC ROUTE DEFAULT STATIC ROUTE SUMMARY STATIC ROUTE FLOATING STATIC ROUTE Router (config)# ip route <destination N/w> <DSNM> <exit interface> Example :- Router (config)# ip route 30.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 20.0.0.2 (standard static route) Router (config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.16.2.2 (default static route)
  • 27. DYNAMIC ROUTING There are two types of dynamic routing protocol are used for routing: 1. DISTANCE VECTOR PROTOCOL (RIP,IGRP,EIGRP) Identifies how far it is to the destination network and is based on a metric such as the hop count,cost,bandwidth,delay. 2. LINK STATE PROTOCOL (OSPF,IS-IS) Specifies the direction of the next-hop router or exit interface to reach the destination. 3. BORDER GATEWAY PROTOCOL (BGP) Path vector routing protocol.
  • 28. RIP (ROUTING INFORMATION PROTOCOL) 1. To enable RIP routing for a network,use the network network-address router configuration mode command. 2. Advertises the specified network in RIP routing updates sent to their routers every 30 seconds.hold down time 180 secs,flushed after 240 secs. 3. Choose best path based on hop count ( max hop count -15). RIP V1 RIP V2 Support VLSM NO YES Support CIDR NO YES Support Summarization NO YES Support Authentication NO YES Updates forward to Address 255.255.255.255 224.0.0.9 Maximum hop count 15 15
  • 29. ROUTER 1 R1(config)# router RIP R1(config-router)# version 2 R1(config-router)# network 192.168.1.0 R1(config-router)# network 192.168.3.0 R1(config-router)# no auto-summary ROUTER 2 R1(config)# router RIP R1(config-router)# version 2 R1(config-router)# network 192.168.2.0 R1(config-router)# network 192.168.3.0 R1(config-router)# no auto-summary 192.168.3.0 192.168.1.0 192.168.2.0
  • 30. EIGRP(Enhanced Gateway Routing Protocol) It is an advanced distance vector routing protocol developed by cisco systems. 1. Supports to classless Address 2. Resources uses medium. 3. Scalability large 4. Speed high Types of EIGRP Packets:- Hello Packets :- To discover routers Updates Packets :- Convey routing information. Acknowledge Packets :-Acknowledge the receipt of packets. Query Packets :- Used to query routes from neighbors. Reply Packets:- send in response to an EIGRP query. Command for EIGRP :- Router(config)# router eigrp autonomous-system The autonomous-system between the number 1 and 65,535. All routers within the EIGRP routing domain must use the same autonomous system number.
  • 31. R1(config)#router eigrp 100 R1(config-router)# network 192.168.0.0 R1(config-router)# network 57.35.169.0
  • 32. OSPF(Open Shortest Path First) OSPF features includes:- Classless:- It is classless by design, therefore it supports VLSM and CIDR. Efficient :- it uses the SPF algorithm to choose the best path. Fast Convergence :- It quickly propagates network changes. Scalable :- It works well in small and large network sizes. Routers can be grouped into areas to support a hierarchical system. Secure :- OSPF routers only accept encrypted routing updates from the peers with the same pre-shared password. OSPF creates and maintain three databases :- Adjacent databases – Create the neighbour table. Link-state database (LSDB)-Create the topology table. Forwarding database:- Create the routing table.
  • 33. Routing Protocol Messages :- OSPF exchanges messages to convey routing information using five types of packets. Hello packets Database description packet Link-state request packet Link-state update packet Link-state acknowledge packet An OSPF area is a group of routers that share the same link-state information in their LSDBs. Single-Area OSPF – all routers are in one area called the backbone area (area 0) Multiarea OSPF – OSPF is implemented using multiple areas, in a hierarchal fashion. All areas must connect to the backbone area ( area 0).Routers interconnecting the area referred to as Area Border Routers (ABR).
  • 34. ROUTE SOURCE ADMINISTRATIVE DISTANCE Connected 0 Static 1 EIGRP Summary route 5 External BGP 20 Internal EIGRP 90 IGRP 100 OSPF 110 IS-IS 115 External EIGRP 170 Internal BGP 200
  • 35.
  • 36. 1. Improved Security 2. Reduced cost 3. Better performance 4. Smaller broadcast domain 5. IT efficiency 6. Management efficiency S1#show vlan brief Default vlan is 1 1. All ports assigned to vlan to fwd data by default 2. NATIVE VLAN – native vlan is vlan 1 by default 3. Management vlan is vlan 1 by default 4. Vlan1 cannot be renamed or deleted. PORT MODE 1. Access mode (default) 2. Trunk mode
  • 37. 10.0.0.2 20.0.0.2 Ip-20.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 Default gateway-20.0.0.100 255.0.0.0 Ip-10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 Default gateway-10.0.0.100 255.0.0.0 Router on stick
  • 38. S1(config)# vlan 10 S1(config-vlan)# name paybranch S1(config)# interface fa0/1 S1(config-if)# switchport access vlan 10 S1(config)# vlan 20 S1(config-vlan)# name srbranch S1(config)# interface fa0/11 S1(config-if)# switchport access vlan 20 S1(config)# interface range fa0/2-10 S1(config-if)# switchport access vlan 10 S1(config)# interface range fa0/12-20 S1(config-if)# switchport access vlan 20
  • 39. S1(config)# interface fa0/24 S1(config-if)# switchport mode trunk S1(config-if)#end Router on Stick Router(config)#int fa0/0 Router(config-if)#no shutdown Router(config)#interface fa0/0.10 Router(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1q 10 Router(config-subif)#ip address 10.0.0.100 255.0.0.0 Router(config)#interface fa0/0.20 Router(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1q 20 Router(config-subif)#ip address 20.0.0.100 255.0.0.0
  • 40. Configuring Port Security on an Interface To restrict traffic through a port by limiting and identifying MAC addresses of the stations allowed to access the port, perform this task: Command Purpose Step 1 Switch(config)# interface interface_id Enters interface configuration mode and enters the physical interface to configure, for example gigabitethernet 3/1. Step 2 Switch(config-if)# switchport mode access Sets the interface mode as access; an interface in the default mode (dynamic desirable) cannot be configured as a secure port. Step 3 Switch(config-if)# switchport port- security Enables port security on the interface. Step 4 Switch(config-if)# switchport port- security maximum value (Optional) Sets the maximum number of secure MAC addresses for the interface. The range is 1 to 3072; the default is 1.
  • 41. Step 5 Switch(config-if)# switchport port- security violation {restrict | shutdown} (Optional) Sets the violation mode, the action to be taken when a security violation is detected, as one of these: •restrict—A port security violation restricts data and causes the Security Violation counter to increment and send an SNMP trap notification. •shutdown—The interface is error-disabled when a security violation occurs. Note When a secure port is in the error-disabled state, you can bring it out of this state by entering the errdisable recovery cause psecure- violation global configuration command or you can manually reenable it by entering the shutdown and no shut down interface configuration commands. Step 6 Switch(config-if)# switchport port- security limit rate invalid-source-mac Sets the rate limit for bad packets.
  • 42. Step 7 Switch(config-if)# switchport port- security mac- address mac_address (Optional) Enters a secure MAC address for the interface. You can use this command to enter the maximum number of secure MAC addresses. If you configure fewer secure MAC addresses than the maximum, the remaining MAC addresses are dynamically learned. Step 8 Switch(config-if)# switchport port- security mac- address sticky (Optional) Enable sticky learning on the interface. Step 9 Switch(config-if)# end Returns to privileged EXEC mode. Step 10 Switch# show port-security address interface interface_id Switch# show port-security address Verifies your entries.