Endocrine Disruptors presentation will inform our readers about different disruptors that affect the everyday lives of people: BPA, MethylMercury, Pesticides, Phthalates, and Soy all these will inform the reader about the hazards, exposure, and the alternatives behind these disruptors.

1. +
Endocrine Disruptors
Paula E, Ruby G, Adolfo P, Josue R, Tionsy K.

2. + BPA
What is BPA?
 Bisphenol A (BPA)
Is a chemical substance produced in large quantities for the use
primarily in products of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins.
 Examples of Polycarbonate plastics: Containers that store food
and beverage such as water and infant bottles.
 Examples of Epoxy resins are used as lacquers to coat metal
products such as food cans, bottle tops, and water supply
pipes. Some dental sealants and composites may also
contribute to BPA exposure
-(CH3)2C(C6H4OH)2

3. +
HOW DOES IT GET INTO YOUR
BODY?
 The primary source of exposure to BPA for most people is
through the diet, and can imitate our body’s own hormones.
 BPA can leach into food from the protective internal epoxy resin
coatings of canned foods and from consumer products such as
polycarbonate food containers.
 The degree to which BPA leaches from polycarbonate bottles
into liquid may depend more on the temperature of the liquid or
bottle, than the age of the container.

4. +
WHY SHOULD YOU BE
CONCERN?
 Exposure to BPA is the main concern because of possible health
effects of BPA on the brain, behavior and prostate gland of
fetuses, infants and children.
 The 2003-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
(NHANES III) conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention (CDC) found detectable levels of BPA in 93% of 2517
urine samples from people six years and older.
 Recent study found that men with prostate cancer have BPA in
their urine at levels 2- to 4- fold higher than cancer-free men- -
BPA concentrations were especially high in patients under the age
of 40.

5. +
HOW CAN YOU PREVENT
EXPOSURE TO BPA?
 However, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has said that
BPA is safe at the very low levels that occur in some foods. They
are continuing its review of BPA, including supporting ongoing
research. In the meantime, if you're concerned about BPA, you
can take take theses precautions to reduce your exposure: Don’t
microwave polycarbonate plastic food containers. Polycarbonate is
strong and durable, but over time it may break down from over use
at high temperatures.
 Seek out BPA free products
 Reduce your use of canned foods.
 When possible, opt for alternatives such as glass, porcelain or
stainless steel containers, particularly for hot food or liquids.
 Use baby bottles that are BPA free.

6. +
Methylmercury
What is it?
--A heavy liquid metal
What is it used for?
Found in: seed grain for longer
duration (livestock), bacterial
water (foreign countries).
IUPAC Name
Methylmercury

7. + Chemical Structure/ Molecular
Formula and Health Effects/
Hazards
Chemical Structure
Molecular Formula
 [CH3Hg]+.
Health Effects/ Hazards
 Intellectual Disabilities that
include:
 -Down syndrome
 -Cerebral palsy
 -Microcephaly
 As well as:
 -Blindness
 -Deafness

8. Allowed Amount of Exposure
Pregnant women, children, and infants are at greater risk
of exposure to mercury.
 Sea food:
-Most fish have low amounts of methylmercury and
can be eaten safely in moderate amounts.
 -Large, predatory, fish have high levels of
methylmercury. Limit portion size of fish. That
includes shellfish, swordfish, tilefish, tuna, marlin,
lobster, catfish. Etc

9. Alternatives !!
Decrease the amount of fish consumed
When traveling: stray away from water consumption, & limit portion
size of meats.

10. http://www.epa.gov/hg/exposure.htm

11. Other Countries, What are they
doing?
-Nothing. Exposure to Methylmercury is in their culture.
-There has been studies to prove that consumption of the
disruptor is not a threat.
-The federal government has put into action
restrictions, that advice pregnant and nursing women
and women who may become pregnant to stay away
from fish.
-

12. +Pesticides
Insect Repellent
DEET
IUPAC Name: N,N-Diethyl-3-methylbenzamide

13. +
Chemical Structure

14. +
Molecular Formula/ What is DEET?
 Molecular Formula: C12H17NO
 DEET- is an active ingredient in
many insect repellent products.
It is used to repel biting pests
such as mosquitoes and ticks
which may carry Lyme Disease
or the West Nile Virus on
mosquitoes.
 These products are in a variety
of liquids, lotions and sprays
and impregnated materials. (Ex.
Wrist bands)

15. +
Short Term Hazards/ Long Term
Hazards
 Short Term Hazards: Insect repellent depending on exposure
can lead to skin reactions such as blisters, burning and scars,
insomnia, and mood changes. If swallowed it has its own
serious hazards.
 Long Term Hazards: More research is needed for long-term
health effects especially on children.

16. +
Exposure
Exposure: Prolong use on game wardens and military
personnel may cause rashes. Over spraying or more than
normal use can be hazardous to health during the day.
 No DEET should be sprayed on infants 2 months and younger
or to pregnant women it may affect fetuses. Women should be
advised about applying DEET.

17. +
Alternatives
 Alternatives: Picaridin has been
widely used in other parts of the
world.
 It specifies with in chemicals on
pepper and it appears to interfere
with the mosquito’s ability to
smell its prey.
 The chemical is very effective on
mosquitoes especially for the
one’s that carry diseases, but it is
less effective on some other
mosquitoes that don’t rely on
smell to find their prey.
 A 20% formula of Picaridin can
repel mosquitoes for 8-10 hours.
 It is less irritating than DEET so it
can always be a better choice for
people with sensitive skin.

18. +
Phthalates

19. +
What are Phthalates?

20. +
Common Phthalates

21. +
Common Phthalates (cont.)

22. +
Common Phthalates cont.
(BBP) Butylbenzylphtalate: IUPAC: bis(3,5,5-trimethylhexyl)
benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate
Molecular Formula: C26H42O4
Used in: Food conveyer belts, and paints

23. +
ROUTES OF EXPOSURE

24. +

25. +
Health Risks
• Thyroid Problems
• Early Puberty
• Infertility
• Hormones
• Deformation of
Reproductive Organs
• ADHD

26. +
ALTERNATIVES

27. +
Soy

28. +
What is soy?
 A protein alternative
 An alternative to dairy for people who are lactose intolerant
 Also used as an instant powder formula for babies allergic to
other instant powder formulas

29. +
IUPAC Name/Molecular Formula
 Lechtin
 C4H80NO8P

30. +
Chemical Structure

31. +
Hazards
 Estrogen imbalance is a long-term affect
 Processed soy is what causes most side effects
 May cause females to stop menstruating
 Can cause imbalanced moods
 Males can start producing more estrogen
 Pesticides applied to the crops can cause cancer

32. +
Other Countries
 Other countries use the most organic form of soy to gain the
most health benefits
 Asian countries consume the most soy products
 As new research is coming out most countries are using protein
other alternatives

33. +
Allowed Amounts
 Dosing depends on the persons overall health
 For protein benefits 700-800 mg of soy per protein per liter

34. +
Alternatives
 Whey protein
 Protein shakes
 Chickpea/garbanzo beans
 Supplement shakes

35. Sources
Bentor, Yinon. Chemical Element.com - Mercury. Jan. 26, 2014
<http://www.chemicalelements.com/elements/hg.html>.
UNEP. Jan. 26, 2014
http://www.unep.org/hazardoussubstances/Portals/9/Mercury/Document
s/INC2/ZMWG5_Products_FS0111_04.pdf
http://www.epa.state.il.us/mercury/mercury-alternatives.html
http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/mercury/docs/HealthEffectsMercury.pdf
https://www.arhp.org/publications-and-resources/quick-reference-
guide-for-clinicians/fish-and-health/evidence
http://oehha.ca.gov/fish/hg/

36. +
Sources
 www.nrdc.org/thisgreenlife/1006.asp
 www.epa.gov
 www.niehs.nih.gov/health/.../endocrine/
 www.idph.state.il.us/.../deetfacts.htm
 wwwnc.cdc.gov/
 www.npr.org/

37. +
Sources
 http://www.epa.gov/ace/ace3draft/draft_pdfs/ACE3PhthalatesReviewPa
ckage3-02-11.pdf·
 http://www.consumer.org.nz/reports/plasticisers/what-are-plasticisers·
 http://www.fda.gov/cosmetics/productandingredientsafety/selectedcosmeti
cingredients/ucm128250.htm·
 http://www.sustainableproduction.org/downloads/PhthalateAlternatives-
January2011.pdf·
 http://www.healthytomorrow.org/attachments/DEHP_fact_sheet.pdf%20·
 http://www.noharm.org/lib/downloads/pvc/Not_Too_Pretty.pdf·
 http://www.plasticisers.org/en_GB/plasticisers/high-phthalates