A presentation titled Water & Energy delivered at the first annual Water Woman Festival held in Joshua Tree, CA.

1. w
water & energy
&e
rising demand vs. diminishing supply
Water Woman Festival
October 4, 2009
Kevin Foster O’Donnell
fundamentalist, thread collaborative

3. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative

4. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative

5. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative

6. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative

7. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative

8. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Atlanta, GA | September 2009
source: MSNBC

9. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Switzerland | August 2005
source: AP Photo/Keystone, Allesandro della Valle

10. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Sumatra Indonesia | December 2005
source:

11. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
New Orleans, LA | August 2005
source:

12. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Amazon River | October 2005
source: Daniel Beltra/Greenpeace

13. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Colorado River
source:

14. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative

15. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Ten Hottest Years on Record
source: NASA/GISS
2005 2007 1998 2002 2003
2006 2004 2001 2008 1999

16. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Florida
Florida

17. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
World Water
source: U.S. Geological Survey
75% 75%

18. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
World Water
source: U.S. Geological Survey
326,000,000,000,000,000,000
75% 75%

19. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
World Water
source: U.S. Geological Survey
3%
97%

20. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Distribution of Water | Earth
source: U.S. Geological Survey
fresh water - 3%
100%
75%
50%
ocean - 97% 25%
0%

21. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Distribution of Water | Fresh
source: U.S. Geological Survey
surface - .3%
100%
other - .9%
75%
ground - 30.1%
50%
25%
glaciers - 68.7% 0%

22. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Greenland
West Antarctic
Ice Sheet

23. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Portage Glacier
source: NOAA Photo Collection and Gary Braasch
1914 2004

24. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Himalayan Glaciers
source: cnn.com
40% of the world’s population depends on
the Himalayan watershed for water Yellow River
Indus River Yangtze River
Salween River
Mekong River
Brahmaputra River
Ganges River

25. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative

26. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Distribution of Water | Surface
source: U.S. Geological Survey
rivers - 2%
100%
75%
swamps - 11%
50%
lakes - 87% 25%
0%

27. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative

28. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative

29. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative

30. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Distribution of Water
source: U.S. Geological Survey
Less than 1% of Fresh
all water is potable.
Earth Surface

31. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Per Capita Water Use | Per Day
source: United Nations Development Program - 2006 Human Development Report
160
151 gal./day
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
Water Poverty Threshold
0
US
ia
n
co
EU
il
UK
a
a
a
ric
di
in
az
pa
l
i
ra
ex
In
Ch
Br
Ja
Af
st
M
Au

32. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
U.S. Per Capita Water Use | per Day
source: 2000 USGS Water Use Report
State Use (gal./day) Per Capita
California 51,200,000,000 139 gal./day
Texas 29,600,000,000 121 gal./day
Florida 20,100,000,000 109 gal./day
Idaho 19,500,000,000 1,272 gal./day
Illinois 13,700,000,000 106 gal./day
Colorado 12,600,000,000 255 gal./day
Nebraska 12,300,000,000 689 gal./day
New York 12,100,000,000 62 gal./day
North Carolina 11,400,000,000 123 gal./day
Ohio 11,100,000,000 96 gal./day

33. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
U.S. Per Capita Water Use | per Day
source: 2000 USGS Water Use Report
State Use (gal./day) Per Capita
California 51,200,000,000 139 gal./day
Texas 29,600,000,000 121 gal./day
Florida 20,100,000,000 109 gal./day
Idaho 19,500,000,000 1,272 gal./day
Illinois 13,700,000,000 106 gal./day
Colorado 12,600,000,000 255 gal./day
Nebraska 12,300,000,000 689 gal./day
New York 12,100,000,000 62 gal./day
North Carolina 11,400,000,000 123 gal./day
Ohio 11,100,000,000 96 gal./day

34. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
U.S. Per Capita Water Use | per Day
source: 2000 USGS Water Use Report
State Use (gal./day) Per Capita
California 51,200,000,000 139 gal./day
Texas 29,600,000,000 121 gal./day
Florida 20,100,000,000 109 gal./day
Los Angeles County
Idaho 1,272 gal./day
168 gal./day
19,500,000,000
Illinois 13,700,000,000 106 gal./day
Colorado 12,600,000,000 255 gal./day
Nebraska 12,300,000,000 689 gal./day
New York 12,100,000,000 62 gal./day
North Carolina 11,400,000,000 123 gal./day
Ohio 11,100,000,000 96 gal./day

35. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
U.S. Per Capita Water Use | per Day
source: 2000 USGS Water Use Report
State Use (gal./day) Per Capita
California 51,200,000,000 139 gal./day
Texas 29,600,000,000 121 gal./day
Florida 20,100,000,000 109 gal./day
San Diego
Idaho 1,272 gal./day
180 gal./day
19,500,000,000
Illinois 13,700,000,000 106 gal./day
Colorado 12,600,000,000 255 gal./day
Nebraska 12,300,000,000 689 gal./day
New York 12,100,000,000 62 gal./day
North Carolina 11,400,000,000 123 gal./day
Ohio 11,100,000,000 96 gal./day

36. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
U.S. Per Capita Water Use | per Day
source: 2000 USGS Water Use Report
State Use (gal./day) Per Capita
California 51,200,000,000 139 gal./day
Texas 29,600,000,000 121 gal./day
Florida 20,100,000,000 109 gal./day
Phoenix
Idaho 1,272 gal./day
200 gal./day
19,500,000,000
Illinois 13,700,000,000 106 gal./day
Colorado 12,600,000,000 255 gal./day
Nebraska 12,300,000,000 689 gal./day
New York 12,100,000,000 62 gal./day
North Carolina 11,400,000,000 123 gal./day
Ohio 11,100,000,000 96 gal./day

37. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
U.S. Per Capita Water Use | per Day
source: 2000 USGS Water Use Report
State Use (gal./day) Per Capita
California 51,200,000,000 139 gal./day
Texas 29,600,000,000 121 gal./day
Florida 20,100,000,000 109 gal./day
Las Vegas
Idaho 1,272 gal./day
255 gal./day
19,500,000,000
Illinois 13,700,000,000 106 gal./day
Colorado 12,600,000,000 255 gal./day
Nebraska 12,300,000,000 689 gal./day
New York 12,100,000,000 62 gal./day
North Carolina 11,400,000,000 123 gal./day
Ohio 11,100,000,000 96 gal./day

38. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Water in the Sierras | Snow Levels: January 2009
source: California Department of Water Resources
49%
63%
68%

39. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Reservoir Levels | Current Conditions: Oct. 3, 2009
source: California Department of Water Resources
Shasta Reservoir
55% | 72%
Lake Oroville
48% | 62%
Folsom Lake
71% | 91%
Trinity Lake
49% | 58%
Don Pedro Reservoir
83% | 107%
New Melones Exchequer Reservoir
52% | 85% 60% | 86%
Millerton Lake
93% | 132%
San Luis Reservoir Pine Flat Reservoir
19% | 33% 44% | 75%
Pyramid Lake Castaic Lake
97% | 103% 74% | 86%

40. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Lake Oroville, CA | February 2008
source: California Department of Water Resources

41. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Lake Oroville, CA | February 2009
source: California Department of Water Resources

42. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Folsom Lake, CA | November 2008
source: California Department of Water Resources

43. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Los Angeles, CA | September 2009
source:

44. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Types of Water
Residential Agricultural

45. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Los Angeles Water | Use by Sector
source: FY 2006-2007 Los Angeles Department of Water and Power
residential - 68% commercial - 17%
government - 7%
non-revenue - 4%
industrial - 4%

46. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Los Angeles Water | Supply Sources
source: Los Angeles Department of Water and Power
Mono Lake
LA aqueduct
Owens Lake
Colorado River Aqueduct
California Aqueduct
Colorado River
L.A. metro area

47. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Los Angeles Water | Supply Sources
source: Los Angeles Department of Water and Power
recycled - 1%
L.A. aqueducts - 18%
ground - 14%
ground - 12%
municipal water L.A. aqueducts - 48% municipal water
district - 38% district - 69%
1997-2007 2007-2008

48. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Los Angeles Water | Residential Use
source: American Water Works Association Research Foundation

49. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Los Angeles Water | Residential Use
source: American Water Works Association Research Foundation
toilet - 11%
washer - 8%
shower - 7%
faucet - 6%
dishwasher - 1%
other - 2%

50. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Los Angeles Water | Residential Use
source: American Water Works Association Research Foundation
toilet - 11%
washer - 8%
misc. outdoor - 10%
leaks - 6%
shower - 7%
faucet - 6%
dishwasher - 1%
other - 2%
landscaping - 49%

51. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Regional Water | Sources
source: Los Angeles Department of Water and Power
Las Vegas
Phoenix
Los Angeles
San Diego

52. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative

53. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Embodied Water
source: Professor Arjen Y. Hoekstra, Twente Water Centre, University of Twente, the Netherlands
Food Unit Liters Food Unit Liters
Apple or Pear 1 kg 700 Maize 1 kg 900
Banana 1 kg 800 Mango 1 kg 1,600
Beef 1 kg 15,500 Milk 250 ml cup 250
Beer (from barley) 250 ml glass 75 Olives 1 kg 4,400
Bread 1 kg 1,300 Orange 1 kg 460
Cabbage 1 kg 200 Peach 1 kg 1,200
Cheese 1 kg 5,000 Pork 1 kg 4,800
Chicken 1 kg 3,900 Potato 1 kg 250
Chocolate 1 kg 24,000 Rice 1 kg 3,400
Coffee 125 ml cup 140 Sugar (from sugar cane) 1 kg 1,500
Cucumber or Pumpkin 1 kg 240 Tea 250 ml cup 30
Groundnuts (in shell) 1 kg 3,100 Tomato 1 kg 180
Lettuce 1 kg 130 Wine 125 ml glass 120

54. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Embodied Water
source: Professor Arjen Y. Hoekstra, Twente Water Centre, University of Twente, the Netherlands
Food Unit Liters Food Unit Liters
Apple or Pear 1 kg 700 Maize 1 kg 900
Banana 1 kg 800 Mango 1 kg 1,600
Beef 1 kg 15,500 Milk 250 ml cup 250
Beer (from barley) 250 ml glass 75 Olives 1 kg 4,400
Bread 1 kg 1,300 Orange 1 kg 460
Cabbage 1 kg 200 Peach 1 kg 1,200
Cheese 1 kg 5,000 Pork 1 kg 4,800
Chicken 1 kg 3,900 Potato 1 kg 250
Chocolate 1 kg 24,000 Rice 1 kg 3,400
Coffee 125 ml cup 140 Sugar (from sugar cane) 1 kg 1,500
Cucumber or Pumpkin 1 kg 240 Tea 250 ml cup 30
Groundnuts (in shell) 1 kg 3,100 Tomato 1 kg 180
Lettuce 1 kg 130 Wine 125 ml glass 120

55. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Embodied Water
source: 2008-2009 California Agricultural Resource Directory
field crops - 9%
livestock & poultry - 29%
floriculture - 11%
fruits & nuts - 29%
vegetables & melons - 22%

56. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Embodied Water
source: Professor Arjen Y. Hoekstra, Twente Water Centre, University of Twente, the Netherlands
Food Unit Liters Food Unit Liters
Apple or Pear 1 kg 700 Maize 1 kg 900
Banana 1 kg 800 Mango 1 kg 1,600
Beef 1 kg 15,500 Milk 250 ml cup 250
Beer (from barley) 250 ml glass 75 Olives 1 kg 4,400
Bread 1 kg 1,300 Orange 1 kg 460
Cabbage 1 kg 200 Peach 1 kg 1,200
Cheese 1 kg 5,000 Pork 1 kg 4,800
Chicken 1 kg 3,900 Potato 1 kg 250
Chocolate 1 kg 24,000 Rice 1 kg 3,400
Coffee 125 ml cup 140 Sugar (from sugar cane) 1 kg 1,500
Cucumber or Pumpkin 1 kg 240 Tea 250 ml cup 30
Groundnuts (in shell) 1 kg 3,100 Tomato 1 kg 180
Lettuce 1 kg 130 Wine 125 ml glass 120

57. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative

58. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative

59. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative

60. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
The Delta Smelt
source:

61. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Current Practices
source:

62. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
CA Central Valley Water
source: California Department of Water Resources
Sacramento River
San Joaquin River
S.F. metro area
Tulare Lake
L.A. metro area
S.D. metro area

63. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative

64. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
U.S. Energy Production
source: 2005 US Energy Information Administration
54% of American adults think electricity is produced
by a combination of solar, nuclear and hydropower.
(2006 Roper Report)
oil - 2%
hydro - 4% solar/wind - 1%
gas - 18%
coal - 55%
nuclear - 20%

65. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
U.S. Energy Production
source: 2005 US Energy Information Administration
54% of American adults think electricity is produced
by a combination of solar, nuclear and hydropower.
(2006 Roper Report)
oil - 2%
hydro - 4% solar/wind - 1%
gas - 18%
75%
Fossil Fuels
coal - 55%
nuclear - 20%

66. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
CA Energy Production
source: 2005 US Energy Information Administration
coal - 2%
solar/wind - 10%
oil - 3%
nuclear - 20%
hydro - 18%
gas - 47%

67. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
CA Energy Production
source: 2005 US Energy Information Administration
coal - 2%
solar/wind - 10%
oil - 3%
nuclear - 20%
hydro - 18%
52%
gas - 47%

68. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
CA Percentage of Fossil Fuel Use
source: 2005 U.S. Energy Information Administration
National Percentage
Coal Gas Oil
1% 14% 2%

69. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
CA Percentage of Renewables
source: 2005 U.S. Energy Information Administration
National Percentage
Nuclear Hydro Solar/Wind
4% 13% 33%

70. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
In 1979, the US energy producing
landscape was dramatically altered.

71. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Growth in Fuel Use
source: 2005 US Energy Information Administration
oil renewables natrual gas nuclear coal
900
750
600
Growth (billion kWh)
450
300
150
0
-150
-300
79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 97 97 98 99 00 01 02 03

72. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
CO2 Emissions
8000
7000
6000
Million Metric Tons
5000
end of WWII - start of the Baby Boom !
4000
3000
start of the 20th Century !
2000
1500
1000
500
0
1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000

73. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
CO2 Emissions
source: 2006 US Energy Information Administration
800
700
Metric Tons of Carbon (millions)
600
500
400
300
18%
200
100
0
50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02

74. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
CO2 Emissions
source: 2006 US Energy Information Administration
800
700
Metric Tons of Carbon (millions)
600
34%
500
400
300
18%
200
100
0
50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02

75. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
CO2 Emissions
source: 2006 US Energy Information Administration
800
48%
700
Metric Tons of Carbon (millions)
600
34%
500
400
300
18%
200
100
0
50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02

76. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
CO2 Emissions
source: 2006 US Energy Information Administration
Buildings - 48%
Residential Commercial Other
20% 18% 10%

77. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Energy Consumption per SF
source: 1995 US Energy Information Administration
60
50
53
40
36
30
27
20 Average for all commercial
19 buildings - 13.4 kWh/sf
15
10 12
8 7
5 4
0
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78. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Energy Consumption per SF
source: 1995 US Energy Information Administration
60
40 kWh/sf greater
50
53
53 than the average
40
400%
36
30
27
20 Average for all commercial
19 buildings - 13.4 kWh/sf
15
10 12
8 7
5 4
0
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79. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
U.S. Largest Retailers
source: 2008 Corporate web sites & Hoovers
Retailer Stores Total SF Area in Chain
Wal-Mart 4,091 923,136,390
Home Depot 2,215 287,950,000
The Kroger Company 3,645 144,483,350
Costco Wholesale 513 68,229,000
Target Corporation 1,537 295,202,368
Sears Holdings 3,800 342,000,000
Walgreens Company 5,858 82,012,000
Lowe’s Companies 1,425 165,300,000
CVS Corporation 6,200 71,300,000
Safeway Incorporated 1,755 80,730,000
31,039 2,460,343,108

80. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
2,460,343,108 sf
x 13.4 kWh
insanity

81. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
32,968,597 mWh

82. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
32,968,597 mWh
Nevada
32,500,630 mWh

83. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Alaska
Delaware
Hawaii
Idaho
Maine
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Mexico
North Dakota
Rhode Island
South Dakota
Utah
Vermont
West Virginia
Wyoming

84. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative

85. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative

86. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Building Energy Consumption
source: 2005 US Energy Information Administration
How does a typical commercial building use energy?
other - 8%
equipment - 3%
heating - 36%
refrigeration - 6%
cooking - 3%
lighting - 21%
cooling - 8%
water heating - 8% ventilation - 7%
source: 2003 Energy Information Administration

87. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Building Energy Consumption
source: 2005 US Energy Information Administration
How does a typical commercial building use energy?
other - 8%
equipment - 3%
heating - 36%
refrigeration - 6%
cooking - 3%
72%
lighting - 21%
cooling - 8%
water heating - 8% ventilation - 7%
source: 2003 Energy Information Administration

88. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Building Energy Consumption
source: 2005 US Energy Information Administration
How does a typical residential building use energy?
other - 13%
heating - 25%
wash & clean - 6%
refrigeration - 7%
cooking - 5%
cooling - 13%
lighting - 11%
electronics & computers - 9%
water heating - 12%
source: U.S. DOE Building Energy Data Book 2008

89. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Building Energy Consumption
source: 2005 US Energy Information Administration
How does a typical residential building use energy?
other - 13%
heating - 25%
wash & clean - 6%
refrigeration - 7%
61%
cooking - 5%
cooling - 13%
lighting - 11%
electronics & computers - 9%
water heating - 12%
source: U.S. DOE Building Energy Data Book 2008

90. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
World Energy
of World Energy 24%
used by U.S.
17%
Buildings
source: 2005 Energy Information Administration

91. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
World Hydro Production
source: 2008 IEA
2%
4% 6%
11%
10% 3%
14%
4%
3%
11%

92. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
World Hydro Production
source: 2008 IEA
43%
98% 17%
58%
4% 8%
14%
15%
72%
83%
World Average = 16%

93. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Three Gorges Dam
22,500 megawatts

94. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Hoover Dam
2,080 megawatts

95. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Ecologic Impact
source: Dale M Kleimola

96. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Developed Hydro Potential
source: 2008 IEA
75%
22%
69%
7%
33%
49%

97. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
U.S. Hydro Production
source: 2005 U.S. Energy Information Administration
65k
8.2k
28k
8.5k 22k
30k
5.4k
6.3k 4k
5k

98. The image cannot be displayed. Your computer may not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have bee
Restart your computer, and then open the file again. If the red xWaterappears, you may have& Energy the image and then inse
still Woman Festival Water to delete thread collaborative
Kentucky River at Shakertown
source: David Brown Kinloch

99. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Wind

100. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Installed and Planned Capacity
source: 2008 American Wind Energy Association
1.4k
1.7k
1.3k
1.3k
2.8k
1.1k
1k
1k
2.8k
8.7k

101. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Solar Potential

102. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Solar Potential
source: Solar Energy Industry Association

103. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Geothermal

104. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Wave
12,400 miles of coastline

105. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative
Competing Interconnected Forces
Landscaping
Economy Agriculture
US Food
Supply Farm Jobs

106. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative

107. Water Woman Festival Water & Energy thread collaborative

108. ! ! kevin@threadcollaborative.com
questions?
thank
you