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A HUMAN DIMENSION  IN CITY PLANNING Shreya Gadepalli INSTITUTE FOR TRANSPORT AND DEVELOPMENT POLICY
CLIMATE CHANGE WHO IS IT A THREAT TO? EARTH?
WHAT DOES BEING HUMAN MEAN?
BIRDS ARE BORN TO  FLY
FISH ARE BORN TO SWIM
MAN ? WHAT DID GOD MAKE MAN FOR?
MAN WAS MADE  SO HE COULD WALK! WOMEN TOO!
NASHAA (ADDICTION)
WHAT DO YOU KNOW ABOUT ADDICTION??? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
WHAT HAPPENS WHEN A WHOLE CITY IS ADDICTED?
 
 
 
WHAT DO YOU KNOW ABOUT ADDICTION??? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
WE, AS A RACE,  HAVE TO GET DE-ADDICTED
Beyond survival needs, there are  HAPPINESS NEEDS.   We are pedestrians.  We need to walk, not in order to survive, but to be happy.
There is much more to walking -than walking! A mode  of transport - but with a potential for much more –  and the ’much more’ is by far the more interesting part!
You can walk -and walk - and walk....
-but you could just as well ”walk`n-talk”
- or ”walk`n-wink”
-or  you can ”stop`n watch”
-or  you can ”stop`n-talk”
- or ”stop`n-watch”
and watch `n watch”
-or ” watch`n learn”
You can  ” play`n-laugh”
-or ”sit-on-top”
-or  you can ”walk`n-waltz`”
-or  you can ”stop`n- snooze”
you can engage in some discrete networking!
or somewhat less discrete!
-or do some really serious networking!  Sign: ”Mothers please hold firmly on to your daughters”
-and whenever you feel like  you can even address your fellow citiziens!
A HUMAN DIMENSION IN CITY PLANNING What must be done? KEYWORD IS: RECONQUERING
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Four different types of Cities
The traditional city
Market Meeting Access / Connections Traditional uses of Public Space
The invaded city
The abandoned city
 
A fully mecanized world!
” Park n Sweat structure”  Atlanta, Georgia 7 stories of Parking  +  2 stories of Fitness!
The reconquered city
A HUMAN DIMENSION IN  CITY PLANNING What must be done?
All Cities have Traffic Departments and  perfect statistics concerning traffic and parking The cars are very  visible  and everpresent in the planning proces
 
Do you know of any City department for pedestrians and public life? The people in the City tend to be very  invisible  and  poorly  represented in the planning proces
 
The 20th Century will be remembered as a disastrous one in urban history:  We built cities more for cars than for people.
Willingness to put constraints to vehicular traffic Realization of the importance of public life
Towards the end of the 20 th  Century we began to correct our errors.
 
Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark ·  www.gehlarchitects.dk
 
 
What’s must be the objective of our  transport policy?  Provide efficient mobility for all. or Minimize traffic jams for the higher income groups.
While sanitation, education and other challenges improve with economic growth, transport gets worse
TRANSPORT COUNTER-INTUITIVE TRUTHS ,[object Object],[object Object]
It would take the typical developing country city more than 100 years to have a road infrastructure like that of Houston, Atlanta or Seattle. Yet in those cities time lost in traffic jams increases every year. TRANSPORT
It does not matter what is done, traffic jams will become worse; unless a radically new model is adopted.
WE CANNOT DESIGN AN URBAN TRANSPORT SYSTEM UNLESS WE KNOW WHAT KIND OF A CITY WE WANT.  THE VISION OF OUR CITY
CITY VISION VS
Footpaths are the most important element of a democratic city’s infrastructure
 
 
In terms of infrastructure what makes an advanced city are not highways or subways but great footpaths.
 
 
 
Bicycles are a serious matter and need serious investment in infrastructure.
CICLOVÍAS
CICLOVÍAS
CICLOVÍAS
The only solution is public transport, not just for those with lower incomes, but for everybody.
What is Bus Rapid Transit? Bus Rapid Transit is high-quality, customer-orientated transit that delivers fast, comfortable and low-cost urban mobility. It is not business as usual.
Why Bus Rapid Transit? Growing population of cities require better Public transport system High quality passenger service like Metro Better passenger access Flexibility to cater for changing demand Easily expandable as city grows
“ Think rail, use buses!” Metro systems are nice but very expensive BRT takes elements  people like about a Metro and  gives the same  quality of service to passengers at a fraction of the cost
Metro Rail system Bus Rapid Transit system  QUITO’S OPTION: Two systems at the same cost
 
 
 
Traffic jams without public transport are relatively useless; so is public transport without traffic jams or some other form of automobile use restriction.
Quality public transport is necessary but not sufficient.  Private vehicle use must be restricted.
Cars are wonderful but they don’t function well if we all decide to use them simultaneously at peak hours
Parking is  not a constitutional right in any country
The biggest threat to green spaces and parks in our cities is parking
PARKING - MYTH vs REALITY ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
WHAT’S THE REAL COST OF PARKING? Rs 3000-10000 per month per car parking Rs 15-45 per hour! Average space required per car in off-street multi storey parking is 250 sq ft. Average occupancy of 80% during working hours on working days. All costs are from Chennai city
PARKING POLICY BASICS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CONGESTION CHARGE BASICS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],VEHICLE USAGE RESTRICTION Restriction for private vehicles Morning 6:00 am to 9:00 am Evening 4 pm to 7:00 pm  Monday 7-8-9-0  Tuesday 1-2-3-4 Wednesday 5-6-7-8  Thursday 9-0-1-2  Friday 3-4-5-6 
STREET USERS/ELEMENTS PRIORITY ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The way we build our cities and organize city life can be a powerful tool for constructing a more egalitarian and integrated society.
Modern, desirable, sustainable  walking cities require ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
 
 
 
 
 
Buildings do not end at the ground. Any new building must IMPROVE public pedestrian space quality around it.  Especially the big ones.
 
 
 
 
 
Small-block (250m perimeter) | mixed land use Average distance to shopping ~ 0 km! Average distance to public transport ~ 0.2 km
 
Usual Practice: First the Buildings -then spaces Then (perhaps) people ” Airplane - planning (from 5.000 meter above the ground ) Brand New Towns???
 
Large block (1.6km perimeter), exclusive land use Average distance to shopping ~ 2km Average distance to public transport ~ 1km
 
Universal challenge to Architecture & City Planning:  Units are bigger and bigger -but people are still small
Life - Spaces - Buildings -and in this order, Please
Think BIG   - but always remember to make people places small
 
Institute for Transportation and Development Policy   is an international not-for-profit organization  that is a leader in promoting environmentally sustainable  and socially equitable transportation worldwide.
ITDP key program areas are Public transit:   Investing in modern, attractive public transit systems, specifically bus rapid transit, to provide a higher quality of life in cities Non-Motorized Transport:  Making streets safer and more convenient for cyclists and pedestrians, improving the quality of affordable non-motorized vehicles, and promoting bike use Travel Demand Management:  Reducing air pollution, congestion, and CO2 emissions by reducing private car use through parking regulations, access management, and road user charging  Urban Accessibility:  Reinforcing urban centers by encouraging pedestrian-oriented real estate development, urban design, and public space management Sustainable Transportation Investment:  Ensuring necessary funding is available for sustainable transport projects.
 
Ahmedabad
Ahmedabad  Bimal Patel, HCP Design and Project Management
Guangzhou
Guangzhou Urbanus Architecture and Design
 
Walk the walk! Great cities start with great pedestrian environments. Walking is the most universal form of transport.
Powered by people! Bicycles and other means of people-powered transport, like pedicabs are great for short trips. Building bike lanes and slowing down traffic are key to making it safe.
Get on the bus! Mass transit can move millions of people quickly and comfortably using a fraction of the fuel and street space required by automobiles.
Cruise Control! Some trips will need to be made by cars. By managing private car use and expanding car sharing, cities can minimize problems while creating space for pedestrians, mass and non-motorized transit.
Deliver the goods! Cities need to create incentives to use cleaner, smaller, quieter, slower and safer delivery vehicles.
Mix it up! Lively cities stack retail on the ground floor, with residences and offices above, so the streets are vibrant day and night.
Fill it in! Building on vacant lots and brownfields prevents urban sprawl and makes urban neighborhoods more vibrant.
Get real! A community’s history, natural environment and ethnic traditions all contribute meaningfully to what makes a place unique. Finding these elements and enhancing them is critical to distinguishing one place from another.
Connect the blocks! The more connected the blocks, the shorter the distance between destinations, making walking and biking more appealing.
Make it last! Streets and public spaces, if built with quality materials and are well-designed, well-maintained, and well-managed, can last for decades.

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Shreya Gadepalli, Sr. Programme Director, ITDP "Transport is key to sustainable Cities"

  • 1. A HUMAN DIMENSION IN CITY PLANNING Shreya Gadepalli INSTITUTE FOR TRANSPORT AND DEVELOPMENT POLICY
  • 2. CLIMATE CHANGE WHO IS IT A THREAT TO? EARTH?
  • 3. WHAT DOES BEING HUMAN MEAN?
  • 4. BIRDS ARE BORN TO FLY
  • 5. FISH ARE BORN TO SWIM
  • 6. MAN ? WHAT DID GOD MAKE MAN FOR?
  • 7. MAN WAS MADE SO HE COULD WALK! WOMEN TOO!
  • 9.
  • 10. WHAT HAPPENS WHEN A WHOLE CITY IS ADDICTED?
  • 11.  
  • 12.  
  • 13.  
  • 14.
  • 15. WE, AS A RACE, HAVE TO GET DE-ADDICTED
  • 16. Beyond survival needs, there are HAPPINESS NEEDS. We are pedestrians. We need to walk, not in order to survive, but to be happy.
  • 17. There is much more to walking -than walking! A mode of transport - but with a potential for much more – and the ’much more’ is by far the more interesting part!
  • 18. You can walk -and walk - and walk....
  • 19. -but you could just as well ”walk`n-talk”
  • 21. -or you can ”stop`n watch”
  • 22. -or you can ”stop`n-talk”
  • 24. and watch `n watch”
  • 25. -or ” watch`n learn”
  • 26. You can ” play`n-laugh”
  • 28. -or you can ”walk`n-waltz`”
  • 29. -or you can ”stop`n- snooze”
  • 30. you can engage in some discrete networking!
  • 31. or somewhat less discrete!
  • 32. -or do some really serious networking! Sign: ”Mothers please hold firmly on to your daughters”
  • 33. -and whenever you feel like you can even address your fellow citiziens!
  • 34. A HUMAN DIMENSION IN CITY PLANNING What must be done? KEYWORD IS: RECONQUERING
  • 35.
  • 37. Market Meeting Access / Connections Traditional uses of Public Space
  • 40.  
  • 42. ” Park n Sweat structure” Atlanta, Georgia 7 stories of Parking + 2 stories of Fitness!
  • 44. A HUMAN DIMENSION IN CITY PLANNING What must be done?
  • 45. All Cities have Traffic Departments and perfect statistics concerning traffic and parking The cars are very visible and everpresent in the planning proces
  • 46.  
  • 47. Do you know of any City department for pedestrians and public life? The people in the City tend to be very invisible and poorly represented in the planning proces
  • 48.  
  • 49. The 20th Century will be remembered as a disastrous one in urban history: We built cities more for cars than for people.
  • 50. Willingness to put constraints to vehicular traffic Realization of the importance of public life
  • 51. Towards the end of the 20 th Century we began to correct our errors.
  • 52.  
  • 53. Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
  • 54.  
  • 55.  
  • 56. What’s must be the objective of our transport policy? Provide efficient mobility for all. or Minimize traffic jams for the higher income groups.
  • 57. While sanitation, education and other challenges improve with economic growth, transport gets worse
  • 58.
  • 59. It would take the typical developing country city more than 100 years to have a road infrastructure like that of Houston, Atlanta or Seattle. Yet in those cities time lost in traffic jams increases every year. TRANSPORT
  • 60. It does not matter what is done, traffic jams will become worse; unless a radically new model is adopted.
  • 61. WE CANNOT DESIGN AN URBAN TRANSPORT SYSTEM UNLESS WE KNOW WHAT KIND OF A CITY WE WANT. THE VISION OF OUR CITY
  • 63. Footpaths are the most important element of a democratic city’s infrastructure
  • 64.  
  • 65.  
  • 66. In terms of infrastructure what makes an advanced city are not highways or subways but great footpaths.
  • 67.  
  • 68.  
  • 69.  
  • 70. Bicycles are a serious matter and need serious investment in infrastructure.
  • 74. The only solution is public transport, not just for those with lower incomes, but for everybody.
  • 75. What is Bus Rapid Transit? Bus Rapid Transit is high-quality, customer-orientated transit that delivers fast, comfortable and low-cost urban mobility. It is not business as usual.
  • 76. Why Bus Rapid Transit? Growing population of cities require better Public transport system High quality passenger service like Metro Better passenger access Flexibility to cater for changing demand Easily expandable as city grows
  • 77. “ Think rail, use buses!” Metro systems are nice but very expensive BRT takes elements people like about a Metro and gives the same quality of service to passengers at a fraction of the cost
  • 78. Metro Rail system Bus Rapid Transit system QUITO’S OPTION: Two systems at the same cost
  • 79.  
  • 80.  
  • 81.  
  • 82. Traffic jams without public transport are relatively useless; so is public transport without traffic jams or some other form of automobile use restriction.
  • 83. Quality public transport is necessary but not sufficient. Private vehicle use must be restricted.
  • 84. Cars are wonderful but they don’t function well if we all decide to use them simultaneously at peak hours
  • 85. Parking is not a constitutional right in any country
  • 86. The biggest threat to green spaces and parks in our cities is parking
  • 87.
  • 88. WHAT’S THE REAL COST OF PARKING? Rs 3000-10000 per month per car parking Rs 15-45 per hour! Average space required per car in off-street multi storey parking is 250 sq ft. Average occupancy of 80% during working hours on working days. All costs are from Chennai city
  • 89.
  • 90.
  • 91.
  • 92.
  • 93. The way we build our cities and organize city life can be a powerful tool for constructing a more egalitarian and integrated society.
  • 94.
  • 95.  
  • 96.  
  • 97.  
  • 98.  
  • 99.  
  • 100.  
  • 101. Buildings do not end at the ground. Any new building must IMPROVE public pedestrian space quality around it. Especially the big ones.
  • 102.  
  • 103.  
  • 104.  
  • 105.  
  • 106.  
  • 107. Small-block (250m perimeter) | mixed land use Average distance to shopping ~ 0 km! Average distance to public transport ~ 0.2 km
  • 108.  
  • 109. Usual Practice: First the Buildings -then spaces Then (perhaps) people ” Airplane - planning (from 5.000 meter above the ground ) Brand New Towns???
  • 110.  
  • 111. Large block (1.6km perimeter), exclusive land use Average distance to shopping ~ 2km Average distance to public transport ~ 1km
  • 112.  
  • 113. Universal challenge to Architecture & City Planning: Units are bigger and bigger -but people are still small
  • 114. Life - Spaces - Buildings -and in this order, Please
  • 115. Think BIG - but always remember to make people places small
  • 116.  
  • 117. Institute for Transportation and Development Policy is an international not-for-profit organization that is a leader in promoting environmentally sustainable and socially equitable transportation worldwide.
  • 118. ITDP key program areas are Public transit: Investing in modern, attractive public transit systems, specifically bus rapid transit, to provide a higher quality of life in cities Non-Motorized Transport: Making streets safer and more convenient for cyclists and pedestrians, improving the quality of affordable non-motorized vehicles, and promoting bike use Travel Demand Management: Reducing air pollution, congestion, and CO2 emissions by reducing private car use through parking regulations, access management, and road user charging Urban Accessibility: Reinforcing urban centers by encouraging pedestrian-oriented real estate development, urban design, and public space management Sustainable Transportation Investment: Ensuring necessary funding is available for sustainable transport projects.
  • 119.  
  • 121. Ahmedabad Bimal Patel, HCP Design and Project Management
  • 124.  
  • 125. Walk the walk! Great cities start with great pedestrian environments. Walking is the most universal form of transport.
  • 126. Powered by people! Bicycles and other means of people-powered transport, like pedicabs are great for short trips. Building bike lanes and slowing down traffic are key to making it safe.
  • 127. Get on the bus! Mass transit can move millions of people quickly and comfortably using a fraction of the fuel and street space required by automobiles.
  • 128. Cruise Control! Some trips will need to be made by cars. By managing private car use and expanding car sharing, cities can minimize problems while creating space for pedestrians, mass and non-motorized transit.
  • 129. Deliver the goods! Cities need to create incentives to use cleaner, smaller, quieter, slower and safer delivery vehicles.
  • 130. Mix it up! Lively cities stack retail on the ground floor, with residences and offices above, so the streets are vibrant day and night.
  • 131. Fill it in! Building on vacant lots and brownfields prevents urban sprawl and makes urban neighborhoods more vibrant.
  • 132. Get real! A community’s history, natural environment and ethnic traditions all contribute meaningfully to what makes a place unique. Finding these elements and enhancing them is critical to distinguishing one place from another.
  • 133. Connect the blocks! The more connected the blocks, the shorter the distance between destinations, making walking and biking more appealing.
  • 134. Make it last! Streets and public spaces, if built with quality materials and are well-designed, well-maintained, and well-managed, can last for decades.

Hinweis der Redaktion

  1. What is Bus Rapid Transit? There is no one definition or one right answer, as many cities have developed many variations on the theme of better bus services. In general, though, Bus Rapid Transit is high-quality, customer-orientated transit that delivers fast, comfortable and low-cost urban mobility. It is not business as usual. Bus Rapid Transit typically involves busway corridors on segregated lanes and modernised bus technology.
  2. What is Bus Rapid Transit? There is no one definition or one right answer, as many cities have developed many variations on the theme of better bus services. In general, though, Bus Rapid Transit is high-quality, customer-orientated transit that delivers fast, comfortable and low-cost urban mobility. It is not business as usual. Bus Rapid Transit typically involves busway corridors on segregated lanes and modernised bus technology.
  3. New bus designs are transforming how we view buses. These high-quality, buses that resemble rail cars are going into new Bus Rapid Transit systems in North America and Europe. Such designs have generated a new slogan amongst city officials: “Think rail, but use buses”.
  4. Thus, for the same amount of investment, a Bus Rapid Transit system will serve as much as 100 times the area as a rail-based system. In other words, a city that has enough funding for 1 kilometer of metro might be able to construct 100 kilometers of Bus Rapid Transit.
  5. Overview of Lujiazui Finance and Trade Zone in Pudong New Area, Shanghai (projected, w/SWFC image)