1. Cultural Effects of AIDS
in Africa
Anna Dunn
10/A World Literature and Composition
4th
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2. aids restricts
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3. countries devastated
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4. agricultural production low
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5. families torn apart
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6. “...they’re going
to bury Jonah
in a feedsack.”
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7. This image is used under a CC license from http://www.flickr.com/photos/19684903@N00/355201525/sizes/l/in/photostream/
women broken

8. children abandoned
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9. no hope for cure
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10. a shaken people
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11. less shame
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12. helping hands
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13. education
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14. “I’m not alone,”
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15. devastation, short time
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16. long road ahead
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17. culture is fuel
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18. Bigger Ideas
• Shame and fear
shame
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19. millions neglected
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20. Works Cited
• “Back Grounder.” The Global Coalition on Women and AIDS. UNAIDS, n.d. Web. 28 Oct. 2010. <http://data.unaids.org/GCWA/gcwa_bg_prevention_en.pdf>. This document
contains information on the prevention strategies used to keep women from becoming infected with AIDS. To evaluate this source I thought about where it came from and whether
or not this was a credited organization. Since it came from UNAIDS, which is a very well known aid in the struggle against AIDS, I knew that the information they gave was genuine.
This information enhanced my knowledge about the different techniques and tools being used to save young women like me from a terrible disease. It greatly helped me to answer
my group’s thesis question.
• Braddix, Charles. “Food aid vital to combating HIV/AIDS crisis in Africa.” Baptist Press. Baptist Press, 30 Sept. 2010. Web. 27 Oct. 2010.
<http://www.sbcbaptistpress.org/bpnews.asp?id=33776>. This article speaks about the Southern Baptist Churches working through the World Hunger Fund to feed people in
Sweetwaters South Africa. The source is credited because of the official website from which it’s from. It has no biast and simply gives information on the good deeds of the Baptist
organization. The information given helped answer my question about smaller groups that are doing their part in saving Africa. It also told me that another important tool in helping
AIDS victims is simply giving them something to eat.
• Cooke, Dean, et al. “Allan Stratton Chanda’s Secrets.” Rev. of Chanda’s Secrets, by Allan Stratton. cookeagency.com. N.p., 8 July 2010. Web. 28 Oct. 2010.
<http://www.cookeagency.ca/about.htm>. The Cooke Agency is a website that reviews books. This site helped me to find information on my novel for the introduction paragraph. I
evaluated the information of this article by finding the authors. After I found the authors, I looked each one up on the internet to look at their experience. I then check for the date of
the publication and looked at other sites comparing the information. The information listed enhanced my understanding by looking to see what other had to say about Chanda’s
Secrets. Also, it let me look at the book from another person’s point of view.
• “The effects of HIV/AIDS on agriculture: an A to Z.” Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. United Nations, 2010. Web. 25 Oct. 2010.
<http://www.fao.org/focus/e/aids/old/azfx-e.htm>. This article emphasizes how AIDS affects the agriculture and the economy directly and indirectly and shows how it all leads to the
worsening of the country’s economic situation. I traced this article back to the original organization and found that it is credible. Since this article was published by the United
Nations, it has accurate as well as up to date information. By showing me how so many problems could be related back to AIDS, I began to understand how severe of an epidemic
this disease really is.
• “Fighting the spread of AIDS in Southern Africa.” Education Development Center. Ed. EDC’s Communications Office, et al. Education Development Center, Inc., 1 Sept. 2001.
Web. 25 Oct. 2010. <http://www.edc.org/newsroom/articles/fighting_spread_aids_southern_africa>. This article contained information on several different groups throughout Africa
that have been working to stop the spread of AIDS. Some of those groups are UN-AIDS, Education International, the World Health Organization, and UNESCO. I evaluated this
information based on its source. I researched the organization sponsoring this information and found it to be a legitimate cause. The information I found helped me find out what
organizations are helping out and also where they are helping out at. The article also gave me insight into different methods they are using to hinder the spread of HIV/AIDS.
• Gorman, Christine. “When Did AIDS Begin?” TIME 16 Feb. 1998: n. pag. Web. 22 Oct. 2010. <http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,987824,00.html>. The article
“When Did AIDs Begin?” is about the first encounter of AIDS. The article give details to what happened and how scientist reacted to the encounter. I evaluated the article by first
finding the author, Christine Gorman. I then evaluated Christine by typing her name into the internet to find out her experience. Also, I had knowledge of TIME being a creditable
source due to it having many subscribers and readers. The information given enhanced my understanding by giving me information on the first discovered case of AIDS. Along with,
the information helped to answer the question of why AIDS did spread so fast throughout Africa?
• Herrmann, Steve, Jon Williams, and Alistair Burnett. “Q&A: Aids in Africa.” BCC News 20 Feb. 2003: n. pag. Web. 22 Oct. 2010. <http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/2783229.stm>.
The article “Q & A: AIDS in Africa”gave me many answers to my questions regarding the research paper. In the article it talked about a variety of topic directed towards sub-Saharan
Africa. I evaluated the website by looking up each of the authors and checking out their experience. I also evaluated the website to make sure the information was creditable. I then
compared the information to other creditable sources I had already found. The information enhanced my understanding my directing my attention the situation of AIDS in Africa. The
article also helped me to understand that different people all over the world are making prediction about what will happen to Africa. Many scientists also have theories to why the
spread of AIDS is still rapidly effecting the nation.
• “The impact of HIV & AIDS in Africa.” AVERTing HIV and AIDS. Avert, 3 Dec. 2009. Web. 22 Oct. 2010. <http://www.avert.org/aids-impact-africa.htm>. This article showed me how
AIDS affects each aspect of life in Africa, from the economy to the education. The Avert Organization is a credible organization with its facts backed up by many other websites.
Nothing is misspelled, there are no grammar mistakes, and there does not seem to be any bias in the text. This website helped me to understand how AIDS really does negatively
affect every aspect of life in many different ways. While reading this article, I came to realize what a huge epidemic AIDS really is because of the huge impact it is having on all
features of African life.
• McNeal, Donald G., Jr. “Global Fight Against AIDS Falters as Pledges Fail to Reach Goal of $13 Billion.” The New York Times. The New York Times, 5 Oct. 2010. Web. 31 Oct.
2010. <http://www.nytimes.com/2010/10/06/world/africa/06aids.html?_r=1>. This article is from the New York Times. It has information regarding the Global Fund to Fight AIDS and
the annual banquet they hold. It passed evaluation because coming from the NY Times allowed it to gain credit. As a newspaper they do not allow any false information to be
printed for fear of gaining a bad reputation. The information I found let my learn more about the Global Fund to Fight AIDS and what they do to help AIDS victims. This was very
helpful for my assigned specific question because it answered which groups are helping out.

21. • Middleton, John. “AIDS.” Africa: An Encyclopedia for Students. Ed. John Middleton. Vol. 1. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 2002. 14-15. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web.
25 Oct. 2010. <http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE|CX3400100017&v=2.1&u=cant48040&it=r&p=GVRL&sw=w>. This article gives general information of the disease of AIDS.
It also demonstrates how AIDS affects the sub-Saharan region of Africa. I evaluated the information in the article by first finding the author. I then looked up the author’s credentials
to make sure he knew about the topic. With the author’s credentials being up to standards gave me confidence it this source being creditable. The information in this source
enhanced my learning by showing me all that makes up the disease of AIDS. Also, the article has shown me all that AIDS does to the society of sub-Saharan Africa.
• Ntambirweki, Pelucy. “HIV/AIDS IN AFRICA.” Encyclopedia of Science, Technology, and Ethics. Ed. Carl Mitcham. Vol. 1. Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA, 2005. 27-31. Gale
Virtual Reference Library. Web. 25 Oct. 2010. <http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE|CX3434900032&v=2.1&u=cant48040&it=r&p=GVRL&sw=w>. This source gives detailed
information on the disease of AIDS. It shows specific statistic, responses to certain topics, and much more. I evaluated this source by finding the author, and then checking the
author’s prior experience. Also since Gale Virtual Library is a creditable database, I knew this website is trusted and creditable. Both of these facts have let me to be able that this is
a creditable source. The information has enhanced my learning by giving me information of the social impact that AIDS brings upon its victim. Also, it has shown me just how much
the disease impacts the lives of AIDS patients.
• “Red Cross in South Africa.” British Red Cross. Red Cross, 2010. Web. 25 Oct. 2010. <http://www.redcrosshiv.org/red-cross-in-south-africa.html>. This website explained the efforts
being made by the British Red Cross in South Africa. It gave statistics, victims stories, and photos along with informative articles. I evaluated this website based on the fact that the
Red Cross is a worldwide organization. The British Red Cross also had a link that went directly to the original Red Cross website, this along with the convincing photos and
background stories helped win their case. The information I found was very helpful because the statistics helped me get a feel of just how many people truly are affected by this
disease. The personal stories of the victims also made it very real to me.
• “South Africa Country Situation.” UNAIDS Fact Sheet. UNAIDS, July 2008. Web. 28 Oct. 2010. <http://data.unaids.org/pub/FactSheet/2008/sa08_soa_en.pdf>. This website is
sponsored by the UNAIDS organization. It contains statistics and other information dealing with AIDS in South Africa. I evaluated this website by once again looking at its orginal
source. It came from UNAIDS, a very well known organization, and it contained only facts and no point of view. The data found within is the website helped me along in my
research. The background information of South Africa’s situation with AIDS also helped me with my research topic.
• Stratton, Allan. Chanda’s Secrets. Ed. Barbara Pulling. Toronto: Annick Press, 2004. Print. Through this book, I gained knowledge of the cultural effects that AIDS has on society.
Another key point was how AIDS can tear apart families and make people want to give up on life. Since this a novel, I could not really take anything to be fact. In order to evaluate
what I read, I researched the key points and cultural impacts and found information that supports what I read in the book. This enhanced my knowledge of the culture of Africa and
the concept of family that the people have. I also came to a better understanding of how this epidemic can hurt and change a culture.
• “The Top 10 Myths and Misconceptions About HIV and AIDS.” WebMD.com. MedicineNet.com, 10 June 2010. Web. 26 Oct. 2010. <http://www.webmd.com/hiv-aids/top-10-myths-
misconceptions-about-hiv-aids>. This article helped me to realize some of the misconceptions about AIDS. The article gives detailed facts about many different misconceptions. I
evaluated the article by looking at the editors. Most all the editors have their PHD degree since it is a website dedicated to diseases. Also, I did not notice any misspelled word or
grammar mistakes. All of the above makes the article creditable. The information enhanced my learning by giving me an outlook on how other people perceive the disease of AIDS.
Also, it explains if the misconceptions truths are true or false, which is beneficial to my learning. The main reason it is beneficial is because I can see what people are saying
compared to what the facts say.
• Turkovich, Tanya, dir. “South Africa launches AIDS campaign at conference on vulnerable children.” UNICEF, unite for children. Ed. Tanya Turkovich. UNICEF, 21 July 2006. Web.
25 Oct. 2010. <http://www2.unicef.org/infobycountry/southafrica_34984.html>. This article was taken from the UNICEF website; it talks about the fundraising event that was held in
Johannesburg, South Africa. The benefit called for more to be done about the poor HIV infected orphans living in Africa. I evaluated the source by judging the website which it was
found on. Since UNICEF is worldwide organization and very well known the information found in the article is likely to be true and factual about the organization. The information
that I found told me about the efforts being made to help the children of Africa. It also told me what UNICEF is doing to help out.
• “Vaginal Gel Cuts HIV Infections While Blocking Herpes.” Bloomberg Businessweek. Bloomberg Businessweek, 19 July 2010. Web. 31 Oct. 2010.
<http://www.businessweek.com/news/2010-07-19/vaginal-gel-cuts-hiv-infections-while-blocking-herpes.html>. This article found on online newspaper Bloomberg Businessweek,
contains information regarding the trials and proof of effectiveness of a vaginal gel that can prevent AIDS. The gel was created by Gilead Science’s Inc. and money for the cause
was given by billionaire Bill Gates. The article was credited because it came from a genuine, trustworthy site. The information found in the article was also found elsewhere on
Google News which is where the article was taken from. The information found helped answer my question of what individuals where taking up arms against AIDS. It also helped in
answering was tools were being used in the prevention of AIDS.
• Will, Stuart. “Inroads against HIV/AIDS flow from Botswana-U.S. tie.” Baptist Press With a Christian Perspective. Baptist Press, 13 Oct. 2010. Web. 27 Oct. 2010.
<http://www.sbcbaptistpress.org/BPnews.asp?ID=33857>. This article was taken from the Baptist Press website. It describes the life changing events that took place at Open
Baptist Church in Botswana where people pledged to abstinence and therefore saved themselves from AIDS. The article is creditable because the website it gave from it factual and
official. It contains no false information or traces of bias. The information from the article answered my question of what organizations are working to prevent AIDS. It also taught me
that pledging is a tool used in the prevention of AIDS.
• Wood, Sheryl. “About Tree of Life Programs.” Tree of Lifes. Ed. Mark Fulton, et al. Tree of Lives, 24 Oct. 2010. Web. 25 Oct. 2010. <http://treeoflives.org/index.html>. This website
tells all about a small organization that started in 2003. Called Tree of Lives, their main goal is to help the victims of HIV and AIDS in Africa. I tried a different method in evaluating
this organization. Not only did I research them on Google, but I also looked of Facebook for the leaders and the organization itself, and both searches came up positive. The
information I gained from this website was the answer to my question of which small organizations are helping with AIDS prevention and help. This organization also explained
some methods and tools used in helping victims.