This document provides information about plagiarism and how to avoid it. It defines plagiarism as using others' words or ideas without giving them credit. It then outlines three steps to avoid plagiarism: 1) Take good notes in your own words without complete sentences, 2) Paraphrase your notes by putting them into complete sentences, and 3) Cite all sources. The document gives examples and tips for proper note-taking and paraphrasing, and explains how to cite sources in a bibliography or works cited page using parenthetical citations within the text.

2. Definition:
Plagiarism is using someone else’s words
or ideas as your own without giving credit
to that person.

3. 3 Steps to Avoid
Plagiarism:
0 Step 1 - Take good bulleted notes in your own
words; no complete sentences
0 Step 2 – Paraphrase your notes. Since your notes
are in your own words, you are putting your notes
back into complete sentences. This step is easy
once you have notes in your own words.
0 Step 3 – Citing your sources

4. Step 1: Note-Taking
Hints:
0 Read all the way through the material you are using for research.
0 AS SOON AS you decide to use the information, write down the
source information for your citations.
0 Write down the important pieces of information in your own
words.
0 Use a “bullet” form – no complete sentences. This eliminates the
danger of copying phrases from the original document.
“Note taking.”Photograph. SunySullivan. Web. 28 Oct. 2012.

5. Note-taking Practice
Bulleted
Notes:
•
•
Rawlings, Nate. "Calif. Wildfires Cause Outages, Evacuations." Time 7 Oct. 2013:
n. pag. Time. Web. 7 Oct. 2013.

6. More Note-taking Practice
Bulleted
Notes:
•
•
Fainaru-Wada, Mark And Steve Fainaru.”League of Denial." Sports Illustrated 7 Oct. 2013: 63-69. Print.

7. Step 2: Paraphrasing
Paraphrasing is writing
in your own words the
essential information
and ideas expressed by
someone else.

8. Is it Paraphrasing?

9. How about these?

10. Paraphrase Practice
Paraphrase:

11. More Paraphrase Practice:
Paraphrase:

13. Step 3: Citing Sources:
There are two ways to cite your sources:
0 Bibliography or Works Cited - at the end of your
project; this is always required!
0 Parenthetical citations - within the text of your
paper; you would add this feature when you write a
paper.
“student1.” Photograph. Research Haven. Web. 31 Oct. 2012.

14. Bibliography/Works Cited Format
0 Title – Bibliography vs. Works Cited
0 Style - MLA (Modern Language
Association) -7th edition
0 Level - Junior
0 Look for NoodleTools Notes on the
LibGuide for help with how to cite
each specific source.
“A+ Rubber Stamp.” Photograph. Familywings. Web. 2 Nov. 2012

15. Yesterday?
0 What plagiarism is
0 Ways to avoid plagiarism
0 Works Cited page
0 NoodleTools
“Pencils.” Photograph. Buzzsugar. Web. 2 Nov. 2012.

16. Today
0 Parenthetical Citation
0 Activity
0 Game
“Stack of file folders.” Photograph. 123rf .Web. 2 Nov. 2012.

17. LibGuide
http://westminsterschools.libguides.com/cont
ent.php?pid=522972

18. Citing a book in NoodleTools
0 Book: Enter the ISBN number. Don’t forget to confirm
that the book that is found is the correct book.
0 Ebook:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Choose "Book" as what you are citing.
You may copy and paste the MLA citation at the bottom of the
article you are using.
Do NOT include the URL.
Don't forget to write down the page numbers for your
parenthetical citations.

19. Citing a website in NoodleTools
0 How to cite an internet website:
• Open NoodleTools
• Open the US History: Taxation in America LibGuide, go to the
Internet Resources page and open the first website. Let’s cite
it together in NoodleTools.
• NOW: Open the second website and cite it yourself in
NoodleTools.

20. Citing a database in NoodleTools
You should:
• Go to the electronic database
tab on the LibGuide
• Open American History
Online and search stamp act.
• Choose the second item:
Stamp Act (1765)
• Now open NoodleTools and
choose to cite a database.
• “What type of source are you
citing from the database?”
• Follow along as we cite the
Stamp Act (1765) chapter
from American History
Online.

21. Parenthetical Citations
0 Parenthetical Citations
0 citing sources within the body of your paper
0 Purpose of a Parenthetical Citation - to indicate specifically
which information came from which source
0 Each parenthetical citation should refer clearly to one of the
items in the Works Cited list at the end of your paper.
0 You will call your list of sources “Works Cited” instead of
“Bibliography.”

22. Parenthetical Citations
What a parenthetical citation looks like:
Therefore, the Continental army not only had to fight
the British, but they also had to make sure that they
hindered them from using the waterways (Beller 22).
From the Works Cited page:
Beller, Susan Provost. The Revolutionary War. New York:Benchmark
Books, 2002. Print.

23. Parenthetical Citations, No
Page Numbers
With most electronic or website sources, you
do not have page numbers to use in your
parenthetical citations.
Here’s what you do:
(Franklin n.pag.)
(National n.pag.)

24. Parenthetical Citations
with No Author
Use first important word in the title
Here’s what you do:
(Address n.pag.)
“Address Supporting the Constitution.” American History
Online. Web. 19 Oct. 2011.

25. Parenthetical Citations
Points to consider:
1. Appropriate form
• No pages?
• No author?
2. How often do you add?
• Parenthetical citations and Works Cited
sources have to match up

26. Example of parenthetical citations and a works cited

27. Parenthetical citations and the works cited MUST match

28. Parenthetical Citation Activity
1. Take out homework
2. Practice parenthetical citation of your notes
3. Mrs. Kaplan and Ms. Vito will check