1. CHAPTER 48 WORK BOOK
VOCABULARY
1. Contralateral hemiparesis
Weak on the opposite side
2. Ipsilateral hemiplegia
Paralyzed on the same side
3. Paraplegia
Paralyzed lower extremities
4. Photophobia
Sensitive to light
5. Bradykensia
Slow movement
6. Craniotomy
Surgical opening in the skull
7. Encephalitis
Inflammation of the brain
8. Nuchal rigidity
Weak on the opposite side
9. Quadriplegia
All four extremities paralyzed
10. Prodomal
Warning sign
DRUGS – CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISORDERS
1. MANNITOL
Osmotic diuretic
2. TACRINE (COGNEX)
Cholinesterase inhibitor
3. CARBAMAZEPINE (TEGRETOL)
Anticonvulsant
4. DEXAMETHASONE (DECADRON)
Corticosteroid
5. LEVODO/CARBIDOPA (SINEMET)
Converts dopamine to the brain
ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE
1. Stage 1
Forgetful
2. Stage 2
Confused
3. Stage 3
Ambulatory dementia
4. Stage 4
Terminal
ASSOCIATED LUMBAR SPINE – NERVE ROOT
1. radiating pain to the ankle
2. footdrop

2. 3. inability to walk on all four toes
DYSFUNCTION CRANIAL NERVE ROOT
1. deltoid weakness
2. diminished triceps reflex
HALLMARK SIGNS SPINAL CORD INJURY
1. Loss of vasomotor control results in vasodilation.- causes hypotension
2. Dilated blood vessels allow more exposure of blood to the skin surface- cooling the
blood causing hypothermia.
3. Bradycardia results from disruption of the autonomic nervous system
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISORDERS
1. EPIDURAL BLEED
, Uncouscious at accident scene
2. DIABETES INSIPIDUS
Polyuria and polydipsus following head injury
3. SPINAL SHOCK
Hypotension, loss of sympathetic function
4. MENINGITIS
Nuchal rigidity
5. AUTONOMIC DYSREFLEXIA
High blood pressure, bradycardia, diaphoresis
6. ABSENCE SEIZURE
Brief period of staring
7. COMPLEX PARTIAL SEIZURE
Autonomic dysreflexia
8. CONTINUOUS SEIZURE
Status epilepticus
9. GULLIAN-BARRE’ SYNDROME
Rising weakness
10. MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
Numbness, weakness, spasticity
REVIEW QUESTIONS
1. A 90 year-old nursing home resident with Stage 2 Alzheimer’s disease is found
alone and crying in the dining room. She says she lost her mother and doesn’t know
what to do. Which response by the nurse will help calm the resident?
Are you feeling frightened? I’m here and I will help you.
2. A patient asks the nurse what side effects to expect from a muscle relaxant
Medication that has been prescribed. Which of the following side effects should the
nurse relate?
DROWSINESS
3. A nurse caring for a patient with a herniated lumbar disks develops a plan of care
For impaired mobility related to nerve compression. Which patient outcome
indicates the plan has been successful?
The patient is able to ambulate 25 feet without pain.
4. Which of the following problems during the immediate postoperative course
Following lumbar microdiskectomy should be reported to the physician
immediately? INABILITY TO MOVE AFFECTED LEG.

3. 5. A patient with a brain tumor is admitted to the medical unit to begin radiation
Treatments. Which nursing action should take priority? Pad the patient’s side
Rails as patients with brain tumors are at risk for seizures.
6. Which of the following settings is most therapeutic for an agitated head-injured
Patient?
A semi-private room with one or two caregivers.
7. Decreasing levels of consciousness is a symptom of which of the following
Physiological phenomena?
Decrease level of consciousness is a symptom of intracranial pressure (ICP).
8. Which of the following blood pressure changes alerts the nurse to increasing ICP,
And should be reported immediately?
Widening pulse pressure
9. Which of the following nursing interventions will help prevent a further increase
In ICP?
Elevate the head of the bed
10. Which nursing interventions can help prevent falls in a patient with Parkinson’s
Disease? Choose all answers that are correct.
A. Keep the patient’s call light within reach.
B. Avoid use of throw rugs
C. Maintain the patient’s bed in a low position.
D. Provide a cane or walker for ambulation.