Constructivism is a learning theory developed from the ideas that students learn best when they actively construct their own knowledge rather than passively receiving information. Key contributors to constructivism include Piaget, Dewey, Vygotsky, Bruner, and Ausubel. According to constructivism, learning is most effective when students are actively involved in lessons centered around their prior knowledge and experiences. Teachers act as guides who provide opportunities for students to create their own understandings through interaction, reflection, and relating new ideas to existing knowledge. Constructivism advocates for student-centered learning, collaboration, and engagement in meaningful tasks.