C++ e Linux Embarcado: União Perfeita

1. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI
C++ and
Embedded Linux:
a perfect match
Vinicius Zein | Fundação CERTI

2. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI
https://br.linkedin.com/in/viniciuszein
Vinicius Tadeu Zein
R&D Coordinator @CERTI Foundation
• Responsible for the Embedded Systems team
• More than 10 years developing Embedded Systems
• In companies like Atmel, LG Electronics and CERTI

3. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI
R&D Institute
Founded in 1984 with the mission to
develop technology solutions for products
and processes
500 employees
Private, but results are reinvested in R&D
MCTI and SUFRAMA accredited – projects
with “Lei de Informática”, “Lei do Bem” and
Embrapii
More than 500 clients around the world

4. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI
The information in this presentation was compiled from sources believed to be
reliable for informational purposes only.
Content includes opinions, presentations, articles, hyperlinks or other third
party content (“Third Party Material”) that is not intended to, nor constitutes an
endorsement by CERTI of the author or the Third Party Materials. The content
and views within the Third Party Material are solely those of the third party and
do not reflect the opinions of CERTI.
The opinions expressed in this presentation and on the following slides are
solely those of the
presenter and not necessarily those of CERTI. CERTI does not guarantee the
accuracy or
reliability of the information provided herein.
. Disclaimer

5. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI
SU
MMA
RY
CHAPTER 1
Embedded
Linux
CHAPTER 2
C++
CHAPTER 3
Development
tools and
debugging
CHAPTER 4
Test
frameworks
CHAPTER 5
Test driven
development
CHAPTER 6
Final
considerations

6. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI
Embedded
Linux
Chapter 1

7. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI
CAPÍTULO 1 | LINUX EMBARCADO

8. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI
Telephone exchanges
IP Phones and Smartphones
TVs and Set-top boxes
Printers
Electronic Control Units for cars
Cameras
Android systems
CHAPTER 1 | EMBEDDED LINUX

10. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI
C++
CHAPTER 2

11. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI
C++ “cee plus plus”
CHAPTER 2 Multi-paradigm
Object oriented
Templates, inline functions
Metaprogramming
High-performative and powerfull
Lots of tools
Compatibility with C - just in case ;)
STL, Boost, ACE
Evolving language
CHAPTER 2 | C++
C++85 style "C with Classes”, C++98, C++03, C++11,
C++14, C++17

12. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI
Don’t lower
your level of
abstraction
without a good reason!
Low-levelimplies
Morecode
Morebugs
Highermaintenancecosts

13. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI
Embedded
Linux
C++
Perfect match
CHAPTER 2 | C++

14. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI
DEVELOPMENT
TOOLS AND
DEBUGGING
CHAPTER 3

15. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI
CHAPTER 3 | DEVELOPMENT TOOLS AND DEBUGGING
“Making Embedded Linux Easy
Buildroot is a simple, efficient
and easy-to-use tool to generate
embedded Linux systems through
cross-compilation.”
Build systems > Buildroot

16. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI
CHAPTER 3 | DEVELOPMENT TOOLS AND DEBUGGING
Build systems > Yocto Project
“It's not an embedded
Linux distribution
– it creates a custom
one for you”

17. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI
CHAPTER 3 | DEVELOPMENT TOOLS AND DEBUGGING
Build systems > Autoconf
Rake
Boost.Build
Qmake
Scons
CMake

18. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI
CHAPTER 3 | DEVELOPMENT TOOLS AND DEBUGGING
IDEs * Code edition and navigation
Vim
Emacs
Sublime Text 2
Eclipse CDT
Netbeans
SlickEdit
QtCreator
JetBrains AppCode

19. If debugging is the
process of removing bugs,
then programming must
be the process of putting
them in
Edsger Dijkstra

20. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI
CHAPTER 3 | DEVELOPMENT TOOLS AND DEBUGGING
Debugging
Logs
Command Line Interface (CLI)
gdb (post morten)
gdb + gdbserver
ddd
Google BreakPad
For each
bug found,
a new unit
test.

21. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI
CAPÍTULO 3 | FERRAMENTAS DESENVOLVIMENTO E DEBUGGING
Debugging > GDB
Post morten
gdb <program> -c <core_file>
bt full -> backtrace
print <variable>
frame <frame_id>
thread <thread_id>

22. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI

23. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI

24. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI

25. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI
CHAPTER 3 | DEVELOPMENT TOOLS AND DEBUGGING
Debugging > Breakpad

26. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI
Debugging > Breakpad
CHAPTER 3 | DEVELOPMENT TOOLS AND DEBUGGING

27. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI
Continuos integration
CHAPTER 3 | DEVELOPMENT TOOLS AND DEBUGGING

28. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI
Other tools > Static annalysis
coverity, cppcheck
Coverage– cccc
Valgrind, tcmalloc
CHAPTER 3 | DEVELOPMENT TOOLS AND DEBUGGING

29. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI

30. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI
Code coverage
CHAPTER 3 | DEVELOPMENT TOOLS AND DEBUGGING

31. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI

32. Test frameworks for
C++
CHAPTER 4

33. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI
CHAPTER 4 | TEST FRAMEWORKS FOR C++
Unit tests – gtest > Well documented
Multiplatform
Linux, Windows, Mac OS X
Easy to use, easy to configure
1 execution > multiple failures

34. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI Unit tests – gtest

35. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI Unit tests – gtest

36. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI Unit tests – gtest

37. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI Unit tests – gtest

38. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI Unit tests – gtest

39. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI
gmock > Google Mocking Framework for tests
in C++
Real targets are not always available
Simulating behavior
Creating emulators
CHAPTER 4 | TEST FRAMEWORKS FOR C++

40. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI gmock

41. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI gmock

42. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI gmock

43. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI gmock

44. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI gmock

45. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI
Google Benchmark
https://github.com/google/benchmark
Function benchmarking
CHAPTER 4 | TEST FRAMEWORKS FOR C++

46. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI Google Benchmark

47. Test driven
development
CHAPTER 5

48. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI
CHAPTER 5 | TEST DRIVEN DEVELOPMENT

49. Final considerations
CHAPTER 6

50. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI
Use smart
pointers
std::shared_ptr,
std::scoped_ptr,
std::unique_ptr

51. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI
RAIIRAII

52. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI
CAPÍTULO 6 | Final considerations
RAII
RAII
Resource
Acquisition Is
Initialization

53. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI
Use a
code standard
h#p://www.chromium.org/developers/coding-style
h#p://google-styleguide.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/cppguide.xml
h#p://clang.llvm.org/docs/ClangFormat.html

54. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI
Unit test first
Then code
>TDD

55. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI
Prefere
STL/Boost
algorithms

56. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI
?

57. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI
Thanks!
Vinicius Zein vtz@certi.org.br

58. COPYRIGHT 2016 – Fundação CERTI
References
Slide 6 h#p://events.linuxfounda?on.org/sites/events/files/slides/csimmonds-embedded-linux-?meline-2013.pdf
Slide 11 h#p://ecn.channel9.msdn.com/events/GoingNa?ve12/GN12Cpp11Style.pdf
Slides 24, 25 and 26 h#ps://code.google.com/p/google-breakpad/wiki/GeJngStartedWithBreakpad
Slide 48 h#p://www.pathfindersolns.com/