1. SCLY1: Culture & Identity Agencies of Socialisation

2. SOCIALISATION: The process by which we are taught to integrate into our particular society, generally by adopting its dominant norms (patterns of behaviour) and values

3. The Family (Primary Socialisation) – Our family, whatever its structure, is the first socialising ‘agency’ that we encounter It is here that we learn language, cultural and religious identity and norms of behaviour as well as gender role-modelling How are these gender role-models delivered?

4. Education (Secondary Socialisation) – Part of the role of education is to introduce us to the norms and values of wider society, which may clash with those of our primary socialisation (e.g. banning the hijab in schools) Talcott Parsons talked about replacing the particularistic values of the family with the universalistic values of society What might these universal values be?

5. Mass Media – More important than the old ideas about the influence of working on adult socialisation and certainly more central to the promotion of norms and values than religion in the contemporary world, the media define and shape our beliefs both through factual and fictional coverage (e.g. the changing attitude towards homosexuality) What other norms or values are promoted?

6. Informal Agencies of Social Control – The family and community (to a greater or lesser extent) but also peer groups Control is a response to fear of social disapproval (e.g. low crime rates in Japan) Are these agencies more effective in large or small communities?

7. Formal Agencies of Social Control – The policeand criminal justice system, the armed forces and, perhaps surprisingly, schools Marxists, like Louis Althusser, talk about a coercive state apparatus Can coercive agencies succeed in exercising social control?