The document discusses direct and indirect speech. It defines direct speech as quoting someone's exact words using quotation marks, while indirect speech reports the general idea without exact words using verbs in the appropriate tense. The document provides examples of changing direct speech to indirect speech, including changing verb tenses and pronouns. It also discusses changing modal verbs like will to would. Finally, it includes practice examples for converting statements between direct and indirect speech.

1. DIRECT AND
INDIRECT
SPEECH

2. OBJECTIVES:
 Distinguish between direct and indirect
speech.
 Construct sentences from direct
speech correctly into reported form.
 Show cooperation in the activity given.
 Value the importance of good
communication.

3. MOTIVATION:
Watch a video clip of Panelo and
Karen Davila’s controversial
interview about the ABSCBN
franchise. Observe the exchange
of conversation between the two
and how they deliver it.

4. QUESTIONS:
1. What is the video all about?
2. What did Panelo said about Pres.
Duterte on closing ABSCBN?
3. How did Karen Davila deliver her
questions?
4. Why is proper reporting
important?

5. ACTIVITY!
You will be divided into 5
groups. Each group will be given
sentences to analyze.
Brainstorm within the group
your observations in the
sentences given. Assign a
reporter to present in front your
observations.

6. GROUP 1
1. Abdullah said, "Remove your
shoes before you enter the
mosque".
2. He fought back the tears and
sobbed, "Mark kicked me".

7. GROUP 2
1. "What did you bring for me?"
he asked.
2. He asked, "What did you
bring for me?"

8. GROUP 3
1. "What a tragic accident!" he
exclaimed.
2. He exclaimed, "What a tragic
accident!"

9. GROUP 4
1. "Mary makes the tea."
Becomes: Mary made the tea.
2. "He is making a chair."
Becomes: He was making a
chair.

10. GROUP 5
1. "The book has always been
mine." Becomes: She said that
the book had always been hers.
2. "I am frightened of this
place." Becomes: Anifa said that
she was frightened of that
place.

11. DIRECT SPEECH
Saying exactly what someone has said is
called Direct speech.
 Here what a person says appears within
quotation marks ("...") and should be
word for word.
Example
She said, "Today's lesson is on
presentations."

12. INDIRECT SPEECH
Indirect speech (sometimes called
reported speech), doesn't use
quotation marks to enclose what
the person said and it doesn't have
to be word for word.
EXAMPLE
She said that day's lesson was on
presentations.

13. INDIRECT SPEECH
When reporting a speech the tense
usually changes. This is because
when we use reported speech, we
are usually talking about a time in
the past (because obviously the
person who spoke originally spoke
in the past). The verbs therefore
usually have to be in the past too.

14. INDIRECT SPEECH
 EXAMPLE
DIRECT SPEECH INDIRECT SPEECH
"I'm going to the
cinema", he said.
He said that he was
going to the cinema

15. INDIRECT SPEECH
 Tenses of Verbs

16. TENSE CHANGE
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
DIRECT
SPEECH
INDIRECT
SPEECH
She said,
"It's cold."
She said that
it was cold.
DAMIAN MARTIN

17. TENSE CHANGE
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
DIRECT
SPEEECH
INDIRECT
SPEECH
She said, "I'm
teaching
English online."
She said that
she was
teaching
English online
DAMIAN MARTIN

18. TENSE CHANGE
PRESENT PERFECT
DIRECT SPEECH INDIRECT
SPEECH
She said, "I have
been on the web
since 1999."
She said she had
been on the web
since 1999.
DAMIAN MARTIN

19. TENSE CHANGE
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
DIRECT
SPEECH
INDIRECT
SPEECH
She said, "I have
been teaching
English for
seven years."
She said she
had been
teaching
English for
seven years.

20. TENSE CHANGE
SIMPLE PAST
DIRECT SPEECH INDIRECT
SPEECH
She said, "I
taught online
yesterday."
She said she had
taught online
the previous day.

21. TENSE CHANGE
PAST CONTINUOUS
DIRECT
SPEECH
INDIRECT
SPEECH
She said, "I was
teaching
earlier."
She said that
she had been
teaching
earlier.
DAMIAN MARTIN

22. TENSE CHANGE
PAST PERFECT
DIRECT SPEECH INDIRECT
SPEECH
She said, "The
lesson had
already started
when he arrived."
NO CHANGE -
She said the
lesson had
already started
when he arrived.DAMIAN MARTIN

23. TENSE CHANGE
PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
DIRECT SPEECH INDIRECT
SPEECH
She said, "I had
already been
teaching for five
minutes."
NO CHANGE -
She said she'd
already been
teaching for five
minutes.

24. MODAL VERBS
Modal verb forms
also sometimes
change:

25. MODAL VERBS
DIRECT SPEECH
- WILL
INDIRECT
SPEECH -
WOULD
She said, "I'll
teach English
online
tomorrow."
She said she
would teach
English online
tomorrow.
DAMIAN MARTIN

26. MODAL VERBS
CAN COULD
DIRECT
SPEECH
INDIRECT
SPEECH
She said, "I can
teach English
online."
She said she
could teach
English online.
DAMIAN MARTIN

27. MODAL VERBS
MUST HAD TO
DIRECT SPEECH INDIRECT
SPEECH
She said, "I must
have a computer
to teach English
online."
She said she had
to have a
computer to
teach English
online.
DAMIAN MARTIN

28. MODAL VERBS
SHALL SHOULD
DIRECT
SPEECH
INDIRECT
SPEECH
She said,
"What shall we
learn today?"
She asked
what we
should learn
today
DAMIAN MARTIN

29. MODAL VERBS
MAY MIGHT
DIRECT
SPEECH
INDIRECT
SPEECH
She said, "May
I open a new
browser?"
She asked if
she might
open a new
browser.DAMIAN MARTIN

30. MODAL VERBS
Note - There is no
change to; could,
would, should,
might and ought to.
DAMIAN MARTIN

31. INDIRECT SPEECH
 Changes of Pronouns

32. INDIRECT SPEECH
 Changes of Adverbs

33. PRACTICE!
Identify the statements
whether it’s a direct speech
or a reported speech.
Convert the statements into
Direct Speech to Reported
Speech or vice versa.

34. 1. What day is it? (I
asked)

35. 2. Who is that woman
in black? (I asked my
fiancée)

36. 3. It is still snowing.
(The weather report I
was reading said).

37. 4. The repairs will cost
1 mil. $ (The investor
told me).

38. 5. Is your sister coming
to see us this weekend?
(I asked)

39. 6. He won’t pass his
exams. (I bet Jane 10$
yesterday that).

40. 7. Don’t work yourself
to death! (my sister
advised me).

41. 8. The judge will decide
the case tomorrow
(Jane rang and told me)

42. 9. I’m not coming with
you … and that is final!
(Mary declared).

43. 10. I intend to spend
my declining years in
the country-side
(grandma said)

44. ASSESSMENT:
A. Change the following sentences from direct speech to
indirect speech.
1. “I never eat meat”, he explained.
2. “I’m waiting for Ann”, he said.
3. “I have found a flat”, she said.
4. He said, “I have been waiting for ages”.
5. “I took it home with me”, he said.
B. Change the following sentences from indirect speech
to direct speech.
1. She said that she didn’t like fish.
2. He said that he was going to away for a few days.
3. She said she had seen Helen in June.
4. She said she would tell him.
5. He said he might be late.

45. THE
ENDDAMIAN MARTIN