Chapter Six and Seven

1. Ballenger
Visual Art Appreciation

2.  The Paleolithic period was believed to have lasted
from 30,000-10,000 B.C.
 This period was also called the Old Stone Age.

4.  Cave Paintings of Altamira and Lascaux
 Very detailed and advanced
 The first and probably earliest artwork found. (Not the
first ever done).
 Figures 6.2 & 6.3
 Cave paintings were used in hunting rituals.
 These paintings revealed a lot about the survival of
people during this time.
 What do these paintings reveal?
 What other artworks have archeologists found that
reveal something about the people of the Paleolithic
Period.

5.  Altamira: on the ceiling, Bison. Located near
Santilliana, Spain
 Lascaux located in the Dordogne region of Southern
France.
 These paintings were found by an archeologist
Marcelino de Sautuola and his 5 year old daughter.

6.  16 bison grouped in the center of the ceiling.
 Shades of red, brown and black.
 5 to 6.5 feet long deer.
 Knowledge and affection for the animals.
 Artistic instinct.

7.  Rock carvings throughout England, Spain, France,
Germany, Malta and the Canary Islands
 Fig. 6.6

8.  Large monuments created from huge stone slabs.
 Europe, India, Asia, and America.

9.  England, 2000 B.C.
 Large ring of stones with three progressively smaller
rings within.
 Outer ring nearly 100 ft. in diameter.
 Tallest over 17 ft. and 50 tons.
 Built using post and lintel construction methods.

11.  Read Chapter 7 in Art in Focus.
 According to your book, hunters and their families
settled in the valley of the Nile River.
 Pharaoh: a ruler who governed with complete
authority.
 Dynasty: a period during which a single family
provided a succession of rulers.

12.  The Pyramid of Khufu fig.7.4
 Covers an area of 13 acres.
 Made by piling 2.3 Million blocks of stone to a height
of 480 feet.
 Built on almost perfectly square ground plan.
 Pyramid were basically built as the resting place for the
pharaoh.

13.  Ka: believed to be the soul of the pharaoh.
 Pharaohs were embalmed, rapped in cloth, and placed
in a tomb inside Pyramid (the mastaba).
 Sarcophagus: a stone coffin.
 Pharaoh was buried with the treasures he would take
with him from this world to the next.

14.  Mastaba: low flat tomb.
 Sloping sides
 Chapel
 False burial chamber
 True burial

15.  Decades
 Thousands of workers
 Limestone block stones, 2.5 tons.

16.  Built by command of the Pharaoh
 Dedicated to favorite god or gods
 Became funeral chapel at death of Pharaoh
 People brought offerings for the Pharaoh’s Ka

17.  Karnak
 Chief god of Thebes fig. 7.6

20.  The great Sphinx
 Head of Pharaoh Khafre
 Body of lion
 65 feet high
 Fig. 7.8

21.  Symbolism fig.7.8
 Seated
 Idealized and generic
 Inscribed with symbols proclaiming him as king.
 His right hand forms a fist.
 He wears a falcon on his head and it represents Horus,
which is the god of the sky.

22.  1360 b.c., fig. 7.11
 Feeling of authority

23.  Methethy With His Daughter and Son Figure 7.12,
page 159 in your book.
 Notice the style that the body is drawn: Head, arms,
legs and feet in profile while the shoulders and eye are
shown as seen from the front.

24.  Shown from the most familiar point of view.
 All parts of the body clearly shown in honor of dead.
 No hidden limbs.
 It was believed that limbs must all be present in their
artworks, or the ka would have to enter afterlife
without all their limbs.

25.  Coating of plaster on walls and cliffs of tombs
 Lines: horizontal and vertical
 Figures and animals
 Painted with little shading
 Telling stories from the Pharaoh’s life