Detail study of origin history,demographies,transportaion and slum of Mumbai.

1. Mumbai-the seven island city
Mohd Tanzeel Faraz
3PD12AT025
PDACEG

2. Bombay, now Mumbai,
more correctly Greater
Mumbai, started out as
seven small islands with
villages of Kolis
Their main means of
living was from fishing
and their goddess was
‘Mumba Devi’.

3. These were seven islands when the
Portuguese ceded these to the British as
'dowry' for the marriage of the English King
Charles II to Catharine of Braganza of
Portugal, in 1661.
1. Mahim
2. Parel
3. Worli
4. Mazgaon
5. Old Bombay
6. Old Woman’s Island
7. Colaba

4. The Portuguese who first claimed
possession of the seven islands called
these ‘Bom Baie’, meaning Good Bay, and
the city was called Bombay upto the early
70's.
The origin of the word Mumbai-it is now
claimed the word Mumbai is derived from
the word for the local diety of the region, a
goddess called Mumbadevi.

5. The Hindu Rule
Ashoka of Magadha

6. -The Maurya Empire under Emperor Ashoka of Magadha in
the third century BCE.
-The port of Sopara(present-day Nala Sopara) was an important trading
centre during the first century BCE
-Buddhist monks, scholars, and artists created the artwork, inscriptions, and sculpture

7. Islamic period
The islands came under the control of the Muslim rulers of Gujarat in
1348, ending the sovereignty of Hindu rulers over the islands.
Muzaffar Shah I
- Gujarat Sultanate (1391- 1535)
Rai Qutb
Ahmad Shah I Wali
Sultan Bahadur Shah
The Sultanate's patronage led to the construction of many
mosques, prominent being the Haji Ali Dargah in Mahim,
built in honour the Muslim saint Haji Ali in 1431.

10. Haji Ali TOMB & MOSQUE
 Is a mosque and dargah (tomb)
 located on an islet off the coast of
Worli in Southern part of Mumbai.
 An finest example of Indian Islamic
architecture
 The dargah contains the tomb of
Sayed Peer Haji Ali Shah Bukhari.

11.  The Haji Ali Dargah was constructed in
1431 in memory of a rich Muslim
merchant, Sayyed Peer Haji Ali Shah
Bukhari , who gave up all his worldly
possessions before making a pilgrimage
to Mecca.
 On Thursdays and Fridays, the shrine is
visited by at least 40,000 pilgrims

12. Portuguese Colonization
Portuguese explorer Francisco de Almeida's ship sailed into the deep
natural harbour of the island in 1508, and he called it Bom Bahia (Good
Bay), which the English pronounced Bombay.
Bahadur Shah signed the Treaty of Bassein with the Portuguese on 23
December 1534. According to the treaty, the islands of Mumbai and
Bassein were offered to the Portuguese.
Bassein and the seven islands were surrendered to Nuno da Cunha,
Viceroy of Portuguese India, on 25 October 1535, ending the Islamic rule
in Mumbai.
Portuguese used this area to promote their religion, St. Michael church
in Mahim was constructed by a Portuguese ruler.

13. In 1534, the Portuguese captured the islands and established a trading
centre (or 'factory') there.
This trading place slowly grew, with local people trading products such
as-
Silk Muslin Chintz
Onyx
Rice
Cotton
Tobacco

14. British Period
In October 1626, whilst at war with Portugal, English sailors heard that
the Portuguese had "got into a hole called Bombay" to repair their ships.
They attacked Bombay, but the ships had already left. The English
burned down buildings, and destroyed two new Portuguese ships.
The marriage treaty of the King Charles II of England and Catherine of
Portugal on 8 May 1661 placed Bombay in British possession as a part of
Catherine's dowry to Charles.

15. Charles II did not want the trouble of ruling these islands and in 1668
persuaded the East India Company to rent them for just 10 pounds of
gold a year.
Within a few years the Company transformed Bombay
-In 1670, the Parsi businessman Bhimjee Parikh imported the first
printing press into Bombay.
-In 1854 the first Indian cotton mill was opened.
-In 1845 the Reclamation project connected all the small parts of the
city into a big island.
-In 1853, the first Indian railway opened, which stretched from
Bombay to Thana.
-Afterwards Bombay saw even more development construction of new buildings.
Wilson College, Chowpatti, Malabar hill, Victoria terminus railway station and even
Gate way of India to welcome King George five and Queen Mary to India.

16. Independent India
Bombay even played a major role in Indian freedom struggle.
Balagangadhara tilak from Ratnagiri was the first popular leader of
the Indian Independence Movement.
The first session of Indian
National Congress was held in
Bombay on 31st December 1885.

17. In 1956 San Yanyukta Maharashtra Committe was formed in Pune.
It demanded separate state on the basis of Marathi language and
Bombay as its capital.
This was not accepted by the Prime Minister Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru.
After continued protest the request was accepted and Maharashtra state
was formed with Bombay as its capital.
The city changed its name in 1995 to
Mumbai, after Mumbadevi, the stone
goddess of the deep-sea fishermen who
originally lived on the islands before they
were driven out by the East India Company.

18. Post-Independence
Sky-scrapers, towering architecture,
the Bombay Stock Exchange, tarred
roads and a boom in the secondary
and tertiary sector changed the city's
status and brought it up to one of the
top four cities in the country. Today,
Mumbai is the fourth most populous
city in the world.
After this there was a Rise of
Bollywood in Bombay and it
continued to grow a business
hub in the coming years.

19. Victoria Terminus: The station was christened to
commemorate Victoria Jubilee Day in 1887 when India's
first steam engine puffed out to neighboring Thane,
about 45 kms away. Today it has been
rechristened Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus after the
Maratha warrior Shivaji Maharaj.

20. Bombay Municipal Corporation:This is Bombay's Municipal
Headquater,It is also known as the Bombay Municipal Corporation
Building, or BMC building for short. Now at the entrance the
bronze statue of Sir Phirozeshah Mehta, founder member of the
Municipal Corporation stands an impressive structure.

21. Gateway of India: The Gateway of India was built to commemorate the
visit of King George V and Queen Mary to Mumbai, prior to the Delhi
Durbar, in December 1911. The foundation stone was laid on 31 March
1911, by the governor of Bombay Sir George Sydenham Clarke. The
last British troops to leave India following the country's independence,
the First Battalion of the Somerset Light Infantry, passed through the
gateway on their way out in a ceremony on 28 February 1948, signalling
the end of British rule.

22. -After the decline of the Maurya Empire, between 3rd to 13th century the
islands fell to many hands.
Satavahanas
Abhiras
Kalachuris
Mauryas of Konkan
Chalukyas
Rashtrakutas
Silhara dynasty of konkan ruled the
region between 8th to 12th century. They
constructed Elephanta caves.
King Bhimdev of Gujrat founded his
kingdom in the region in the late 13th
century. He was a very powerful king and
most of the people gives him the credit for
setting the Bombay. His capital was in
Mahim.

23.  Home to around 13 million people
 Multi-Cultural City
 Centre of India’s Bollywood Industry
 Most populated City in India
 Ranks 4th in World (in Population)
 The world’s busiest suburban railway
network

65. 1. Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Vastu
Sangrahalaya Museum
 This is the largest museum in Mumbai.
Inside are antiques from all over the
country. Starting from the old sculptures,
Mughal paintings are beautiful,tools
handmade weapons. Chhatrapati
Shivaji Maharaj Vastharau
Sangrahalaya Museum is located at
159-161 Mahatma Gandhi (MG) Road,
Fort.
 Travelled Distance: 26 Km
Time spent in Traveling: 39 Minutes.
 A local favorite for the colorful Thali that
it serves. It's a mix
of Rajasthani and Gujrati

66. 2. Chowpatty beach
 This is one popular
tourist attractions in Mumbai to
watch the sunset. Manypeople
who go to Chowpatty beach to
breathe the sea air while eating
bhelpuri (fried snacks) or choose
to swim. Still wondering where is
itlocated? Try visiting the address
Chowpatty, Marine Drive (Netaji
Subhashchandra Bose Road).
 Day's Travel Time: 32 Minutes
 bhelpuris (puffed rice snacks) and
other Indian delights.

67. 3.Elephanta island
 Small island in the Mumbai
Harbor is famous for its ancient
cave temples carved, especially
the temple of Shiva. Here you
can see the carving three-faced
statue of the god. Transportation
that is needed is a boat that is
available near the Gateway of
India.
 Travel Time: 124 Minutes
 Nothing particular special to say,
it was just fried rice, taste was ok
not great but its cheap and ok for
the price we paid.

68. 4. India Gate
 Usually the gate is used as
carnival center for the
forecasters, the boats are
decorated and many
others. India Gate is
located just in front of
Mumbai Harb
 Day's Travel Time: 37
Minutes.

69. 5. Haji Ali Drgah
 Place on this small island
used as a place of worship
for Muslims in Mumbai.
Uniquely, the people rarely
come to Haji Ali is rarely
found when the tides
because of the bridge (Worli
Bay) could be asleep.


70. 6. Jehangir Art Gallery
 If you want to see great
performances, visit to
Jehangir Art Gallery is located
at 161B Mahatma Gandhi
(MG) Road, Kala Ghoda.
There are many fineworks of
art and good in this place. this
gallery become one of famous
tourist attractions in Mumbai.


71. 7. Juhu beach
 The most appropriate time
to visit the Juhu beach the
afternoon. Here you can
walk around waiting for the
sunset while eating a snack
fresh

72. 8. Mahalaxmi Dobi Ghat
 There are thousands of
traditional garments at
the Mahalaxmi dhobi
Ghat. They began to look
closely at the Mahalaxmi
railway station up on a
bridge.


73. 9. Marine Drive
Marine Drive dubbed as the
"Queen's Necklace" the most
beautiful in the evening. This
is a popular spot along the
coast of the Arabian Sea, from
afternoon until evening.

75. 10. St Thomas' Cathedral
 One of the oldest remaining
building in Mumbai is the St.
Thomas' Cathedral. The
building was built in the 17th
century to 18 with Byzantine
designs. In it there are also
several old graves in the UK.


76. 11.The Hanging Gardens
 The Hanging Gardens, Mumbai, in
Mumbai, India, also known as
Ferozeshah Mehta Gardens, are
terraced gardens perched at the top of
Malabar Hill, on its western side, just
opposite the Kamala Nehru Park.

79. Slums in Mumbai

80. Content
• Overview
• Types of Slums in Mumbai
• Dharavi
• Basic Amenities in Slums
• Epidemics & Other Disasters
• Reformation Plans
• Conclusion
• Reference Links

81. Overview
 Though Mumbai is a “City of Dreams”, it is also a major
hub for slums in the city
 According to a recent research, it has been noted that
half of Mumbai’s population lives in slums

82. Types of Slums in Mumbai
Slums in
Mumbai
Chawls &
Patra Chawls
Zopadpattis
Pavement
Dwellings

83. Introduction to Types of
Slums
 Chawls – Chawls are basically one room structures with
small cooking spaces and common sanitation areas
 Zopadpattis – Zopadpattis are typical squatters in
vernacular. They are the most predominant categories
which fall under slum
 Pavement Dwellings – Pavement Dwellings are
shanties built on footpaths alongside roads or
pavements. Majority of the pavement dwellers dwell from
different regions of the country

84. Dharavi
 Dharavi is one of the largest slum dwelling region in the
world
 Founded in the year 1880 during British regiment, the
Dharavi region has only expanded in the number of
residents in its slum

85. Economy in Dharavi
 There are many pottery, textile industries located in
Dharavi
 Over the recent years, large recycling industries have
also formed their base in Dharavi

86.  Sanitation – Sanitation in slums is extremely poor.
There are limited community toilets to take care of basic
utilities of the residents in slums. Hence, many prefer
defecating in the open
 Water Supply – On comparing with sanitation facilities in
slums, the water supply coverage is still decent
 Waste Management – There are inadequate bins, lack
of awareness among slum dwellers
Basic Amenities

87.  Due to lack of sanitation facilities, cleanliness, etc, the
slum residents have always witnessed significant loss of
lives
 Plagues, malaria, cholera, typhoid, jaundice, etc have
always targeted the local residents
Epidemics & Other Disasters

88. Transforming Mumbai into a World Class City
Resettlement & Rehabilitation Of Urban Poor

89. Mumbai’s Vision
“Transforming Mumbai into a world class city
with a vibrant economy and globally
comparable quality of life.”

90. Importance Of Mumbai
Commercial and financial capital of India
Generates 5% of India’s GDP
Contributes over 1/3rd of India’s tax revenues
The two ports in Mumbai handle 1/3rd of the country’s
total foreign trade
Shares about 38% and 26% of international and
domestic air traffic respectively
Contributes over Rs. 40,000 crore p.a. as taxes to
Central Government
A very high rate of migration to Mumbai for employment

91. Rs. thousand Crore p.a.
Cus-
toms
Excise In-
come
State Total
8
9
25
13 Less than 1% of revenue
generated in Mumbai
ploughed back into city
MUMBAI contributes more than RS. 40,000
Crore annually to GoI
Cen-
tral
42
55

92. Mumbai showing visible signs of
decline
Engine of economic growth of country is losing out to
other cities.
Overburdened Transport System
Proliferation of slums especially in
sites reserved for essential
infrastructure
Declining industrial and economic
activities
Encroachments surrounding the
Airport leading to safety and security
concerns
Lack of affordable housing

93. 15 Largest cities in the world, 2000-
15 0 5,000,000 10,000,000 15,000,000 20,000,000 25,000,000 30,000,000
Tokyo
Mumbai
Dhaka
São Paulo
Delhi
Mexico City
New York
Calcutta
Karachi
Lagos
Los Angeles
Shanghai
Metro Manila
Beijing
Cairo
2015
2000

94. PopulationinLakhs
1961 1971 1981 1991 2001
14.00
38.99
32.85
49.60
31.74
67.50
28.00
30.90
33.26
88.00
Island
city
Suburbs
Year
Population explosion adding pressure
on
existing infrastructure
35.00
115.00
2011

95. No.ofvehiclesregisteredinlacs
1981 1991 2001
Mumbai - Mahim Junction
Year
1.52
19711961
0.61
Ever increasing vehicular growth
choking
the road corridors
3.09
6.23
10.30
16.00
2011E

96. 3 Key areas for Mumbai’s
transformation
Transport
infrastructure
Civic
infrastructure
Economic
Growth
Housing
Towards
a world-class
Mumbai
Slum Development
Resettlement &
Rehabilitation of Slums
Metro Rail
MUTP I & II
MUIP
Western Freeway
Mumbai Trans-Harbour Link
1
2nd international airport
Augmentation of water
supply
Upgradation of drainage
systems
National Status to KEM
Hospital

97. Resettlement and Rehabilitation

98. 55% live in slums and 65 lakhs people
do not have permanent shelter
(Approximately 3000 Slums pockets)
Slums and Encroachments affecting
vital public projects
12 lakhs houses needed to provide
shelter to slum dwellers
Present Scenario of Housing
Land has become scarce. Vast tracts of lands are locked up
due to CRZ regulations and salt pan leases.
Thousands of buildings are in dilapidated conditions
endangering the lives of lakhs of people

99. Slums affected by Vital Infrastructure
Projects
Implementation of MUTP and MUIP requires shifting of
58000 slum dwelling families comprising of about 3,50,000
population in the right of way of roads and safety margins
on the rail corridors
About 23,000 slum dwelling families are affected by MUTP
About 35,000 slum dwelling families are affected by MUIP
More than 80,000 slums surround the Airport require
immediate rehabilitation

100. Project Requirement Already shifted
Yet to be
shifted
MUTP 22, 829 14,000 8,829
MUIP 35, 000 6,000 29,000
Total 57, 829 20,000 37,829
Current Status of Rehabilitation

101. Site Views
Mankhurd Oshiwara Mahul - B
Majas Ghatkopar
Transit at Mankhurd

102. Thank youThank You