Primary productivity refers to the production of organic compounds through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis. Photosynthesis uses sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose, while chemosynthesis uses chemical energy from inorganic nutrients. Oceanic productivity is influenced by the availability of nutrients and sunlight. Polar regions have limited productivity due to a lack of sunlight, while tropical regions have limited nutrients. Temperate regions balance both sunlight and nutrients for optimal productivity. Energy is inefficiently transferred between trophic levels in a food chain, so animals in complex food webs are more resilient.

1. 15.3 Oceanic Productivity

2. Primary productivity- the production of organic compounds from inorganic substances through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis.

3. Photosynthesis- the use of light energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into energy-rich glucose molecules.

4. Chemosynthesis- the process by which certain microorganisms create organic molecules from inorganic nutrients using chemical energy.

5. Two factors influence a region’s photosynthetic productivity: the availability of nutrients and the amount of solar radiation, or sunlight.

6. The availability of solar energy is what limits photosynthetic productivity in polar areas.

7. Productivity in tropical regions is limited by the lack of nutrients

8. In temperate regions, which are found at mid-latitudes, a combination of sunlight and nutrient supply controls productivity.

9. Trophic Levels- a nourishment level un a food chain; plant and algae producers constitute the lowest level, followed by herbivores and a series of carnivores at progressively higher levels The transfer of energy between trophic levels is very inefficient

10. A food chain is a sequence of organisms through which energy is transferred, starting with the primary producer.

11. Animals that feed through a food web rather than a food chain are more likely to survive because they have alternate foods to eat should one of their food sources diminish of disappear