World War 2

3. Tabassum Naveed

4.  Introduction
 Causes
 Summarized Details
 Costs of

6. “Nature is cruel, so we may be cruel, too… I
have the right to remove millions of an
inferior race that breeds like vermin”
-Hitler

7. The Second World War was the largest and
the most violent armed conflict happened
between 1939 and 1945.
The War became reason for over 60 million
Causalities.
World bore loss of $1.075 trillion (1945).

8. Axis Powers
 Germany
 Italy
 Japan
Allied Powers
 Great Britain
 Soviet Union
 United States
 France
 Surrendered to Germany in
1940 after 6 weeks

9. Adolf Hitler
Germany
Hideki Tojo
Japan
Benito Mussolini
Italy
The AXIS

10. Winston Churchill
Great Britain
Franklin D. Roosevelt
UNITED STATES
Josef Stalin
USSR

11. • W WI and the Treaty of Versailles
•A ppeasement
•R ise of Totalitarianism

12.  Political belief that says the individual is less important
than the nation.
 Glorifies violence, believes it is needed to “prove”
strength of people.
 Uses nationalism and racism.
 Dictatorships.
 Italy and then Germany became fascist.

14.  Dictionary says “To Satisfy Someone”
 Policy of appeasement: adopted by Britain and France where
they preferred diplomatic policy with the aim of avoiding war
by making concessions to Germany e.g. allowed Germany to
re-arm, allowed Germany to invade the Rhineland etc.
Appeasement assumed Hitler would keep his side of the
bargain.
Chamberlain and Hitler at Munich Agreement
 Despite the assurances
given by Hitler in the
Treaty of Munich (Sept 1938)
he occupied Czechoslovakia.

15.  The War tactic used by Germans.
 In German “Blitzkrieg” means “lightning war”.
 Blitzkrieg included surprise attacks, rapid advances into
enemy territory, and massive air attacks that struck and
shocked the enemy.
 Germany achieved most of its victories in World War II
through this tactic.

16.  It was genocide of Jews.
 Genocide: Purposely trying to exterminate an entire
group of people (ethnic, religious, racial).
 Nazi planned to kill all Jews.
 Why? Hitler called it as “Final Solution” to Germany’s
problems
 6 million Jews murdered in Europe.
 5 million others (gypsies, mentally ill, homosexuals)
 Total of 11 million exterminated

17.  As more and more men were 'called up' to
serve in the forces
 Women were encourged to take over the jobs
traditionally done by men.
 This gave us a look of “Hunting and
gathering society” in modern times, where
men were out of their home to hunt the “Social
Animals” to secure their families and women
were gathering food for their children and
parents in the absence of their Men.
 This gave high wages, freedom & personal
pride to the westren women.“Rosie the Riveter”
 The home front covers the activities of the civilians in a nation
at war
 during the war there was 45% shortage of workers in
shipbuilding Industry

18. 18
1939
Sept -
Germany
invades
Poland
(official start
of the war)
Sept -
France
captured
by
Germany
Dec 7 –
Japan
bombs
Pearl
Harbor; US
enters the
War
1941
May -
Germans
Surrender
1945
Major Events 1939-1945
1940
Aug. -
Atomic
Bombing
of
Hiroshima
&
Nagasaki,
Japan
Surrender

19.  Treaty of Versailles
 World-wide Depression
 Rise of Totalitarian Regimes
 Isolationism of Major Powers
Ibtesam

20. 20
1. Treaty of Versailles
a) The main points of TOV
(BRAT)
b) Germany had to accept the
Blame for starting the war
c) Germany paid Reparations for
the damage done during the
war and it was $57 trillion
(modern equivalent)
d) Germany was forbidden to
have submarines or an air
force. She could have a navy
of only six battleships, and an
Army of just 100,000 men.
e) Germany lost Territory (land)
in Europe . Germany’s
colonies were given to Britain
and France.
Lloyd George, Georges Clemenceau, and
Woodrow Wilson
during negotiations for the TOV

21. 21
2. World-wide Depression
The Great Depression was a severe
world wide depression in the decade
preceding World War II. The timing of
the Great Depression varied across
nations, but in most countries it started in
about 1929 and lasted until the late 1930s
or early 1940s. It was the longest, most
widespread, and deepest depression of
the 20th century, and is used in the 21st
century as an example of how far the
world's economy can decline. The
depression originated in the United
States, starting with the stock market
crash of October 29, 1929 (known as
Black Tuesday), but quickly spread to
almost every country in the world.
This led to the
Massive Unemployment
High Inflation
1923 - Wallpapering with German Deutchmarks

22. Totalitarianism
USSR:
Communist
Dictatorship
Germany & Italy:
Fascist
Dictatorship
Japan:
Military
Dictatorship
3. Rise of Totalitarian Regimes

23. Totalitarianism
23
a) A system in which the state and its leader have
nearly TOTAL control.
b) Individual rights are not viewed as important as
the needs of the nation.
c) No right to vote
d) No free speech
e) Government controlled economy Often a police
state
Fascism:
is a political philosophy in which total power is
given to a dictator and individual freedoms are denied and
nationalism and, often racism are emphasized

24. 4. Isolationism of Major Powers
24
1. Great Depression (problems at home for USA)
2. Kellogg-Briand pact - condemned war as a way to solving
conflicts
3. This led to policy of “Appeasement”
a) Appeasement: give dictators what they want
and hope that they won’t want anything else.
b) Begins with Japanese invasion of Manchuria,
Italian invasion of Ethiopia, and continues with
Hitler . . .

25. Hitler and Stalin (the Russian
leader) signed a ‘non-
aggression pact’.
They promised that neither
country would attack the other
in the event of war.
As part of the deal, Hitler
promised Stalin eastern part of
Poland, which he planned to
invade soon.
Hitler wanted to avoid a two
front war when he invaded
Poland
Stalin wanted to buy time for
the inevitable war against
Germany
Signing the pact cleared the
way for Hitler to invade
Poland
September 1st 1939 Hitler
invades Poland and WWII
begins …and the war begins
August 1939: Germany and Russia signed a non-aggression
pact
This photo shows the Russian foreign minister signing the pact,
whilst Stalin stands smiling in the background

27. The Non Aggression
pact allowed Germany
to march into Poland
without fear of an
attack from Russia.
On 3rd September
1939, Germany
invaded Poland and
started War with
Britain and France.
September 1939: Germany invaded Poland
German troops marching into Warsaw, the capital of Poland.

28.  Britain now stood alone as the last remaining enemy of Hitler’s
Germany in Western Europe.
 German army invaded France and captured Paris in just 6 weeks.
 It was a sudden and humiliating defeat that left Great Britain
standing alone to face Hitler and his allies.
Aftab

29.  In September 1940 , Germany turned its sights on Great Britain and
bombed the city of London.
 The aim was to destroy Royal Air Force and control over British air
space.
 Bold daylight bombing raids over the city of London resulted in the
deaths of thousands of civilians.
 In the long run, the Royal Air Force maintained its strength over the
Germans, and resulting British victory.

30.  was the code name
for Germany's invasion of
the Soviet Union
during World War II
 Over four million soldiers
of the Axis Powers invaded
the USSR
 Fast move towards the
Moscow in Summer.
 Over 600,000 Russian
soldiers were captured.
 The red army sustained
heavy losses but managed to
recover and eventually got
the upper hand by March
1942
June 1941: Operation Barbarossa
German troops marching for Operation Barbarossa.

31.  The US gave Great Britain war supplies
 Great Britain gave the US access to military bases in
Caribbean and Bermuda
US-Britain War Supplies

32.  Dec, 1941, Surprise attack by the Japanese on American Navy at
Pearl Harbor.
• Two hours = Destroyed 08 battleships, 10 smaller warships, and 230 aircrafts.
• 2,400 American soldiers were killed.
 US declared war against Japan.

33. 33

34.  Pearl Harbor attack devastated
nation
 FDR: “A date which will live in
infamy”
 December 8, 1941- FDR receives
war declaration from Congress
against Japan
 Germany & Italy declared war on
United States FDR addresses Congress after Pearl Harbor
attack

35.  Midway was attacked for the first
time on December 7, 1941.
 Japanese force was successfully
repulsed .
 on June 4, 1942, a naval battle
near Midway decided the defeat of
Japan
 It was the beginning of the end of
the Japanese Navy's control of the
Pacific Ocean.

36.  The Soviet Union defeated Germany at the Battle of Stalingrad in Feb
1943
 The Axis suffered from 500,000 to 850,000 casualties
 This was the turning point of the WW2 in Eastern Europe for AxisSadia

37.  American and Allied troops land in Normandy, to liberate
France.
 By the July, 1944 Allied Forces conquered the Normandy and
Ohama Beach and pushed away Axis.
 This begins the liberation of Western Europe

38.  August 6, 1945: Atomic bomb was
dropped on Hiroshima (at least
150,000 killed)
 August 9, 1945: Atomic bomb was
dropped on Nagasaki (at least 80,000
killed)
 This forced Japan to Surrender

39.  Allied invasion of France. Also called D-Day.
 Within a month 1 million Allied troops were stationed
in Europe.
 Germany is surrounded by the USSR to the east
 Japan surrendered in 1945 after atomic attack
 Germany surrenders in 1945 after Hitler commits
suicide.
 Allies divide Germany up between them.
 Trials are held in Germany (and Japan) to trail the
people responsible for the war.
 Many are executed and jailed for war crimes.Japanese Foreign Minister
signing the Instrument of Surrender
Instrument of SurrenderGeneral Alfred Jodl
signs the document of unconditional German surrender

41.  World suffered at least 60 million causalities
 U.S. lost over 300,000 soldiers
 Over 25 million Russians alone died
 10 million deaths in death camps
 Almost 9 million Nazis died in WW2
 Italy suffered from 0.5 million deaths
 Financial Cost of World War II
 Approx. $1.075 trillion in 1945

42.  Before the Second World War broke out, a large proportion of the
world population was living under the sovereignty of a colonial
power, for the most part European. European domination in Africa
was particularly impressive.
 Myths such as the invulnerability of colonial powers and white
supremacy were seriously challenged by the outbreak of the Second
World War.
 Following the Second World War, the colonial system was subject to
growing unrest and many countries quickly acquired their
independence.
 Clement Attlee, the Labor Prime Minister who replaced Winston
Churchill in July 1945, soon realized that independence for India was
inevitable.

43.  Besides that independence of Burma, Malaysia, Indochina, Italy’s
African colonies, United Kingdom’s territories in Africa, North
Africa by France, French black Africa, Belgium’s African colonies,
Portugal’s African colonies, Spain’s African territories also got
independence.
 So in this way the whole colonialism started to go towards
de-colonialisation.

44.  Nuclear Arms Race Started
 World became bi-polar
 New fears arise after the war– fight to contain the
Communism.
The Beginning of

45. (Voltaire-1744)
Judge a man by his
rather than by his