Biological Level of Organization

1. From Cell to
Biosphere

2. LEARNING COMPETENCY: The learner should be able to
describe the different levels of biological organization
from cell to biosphere. S7LT-IIc-3
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
1. Identify the different levels of organization from cell to
biosphere.
2. Describe the parts that make up each level of
organization and its functions.
3. Explain how different biological structures are
organized to carry out certain functions.

3. Pre-Assessment

4. PRE-ASSESSMENT:
A. Circulatory
B. Digestive
C. Excretory
D. Reproductive
1. The heart pumps blood that carries oxygen and
nutrients to the different parts of the body. To which
organ system does the heart belong?

5. A. Diseased cells do not affect the other parts of an organism.
B. Cancer involves only certain kinds of cells and does not affect any
other kind of cell.
C. Diseased cells affect only the next higher levels of organization they
make up – the tissues.
D. Diseased cells damaged the higher levels of organization they make
up: tissues, organs, organ systems, and eventually, the whole
organism.
2. Cancer starts from cells that start to grow uncontrollably
fast. They destroy tissues and organs. What does this say
about the effects of diseased cells on the higher levels of
organization in an organism?

6. A. Eyes: sight
B. Kidneys: respiration
C. Heart: circulation
D. Stomach: digestion
3. Each part of an organ system plays a specific function.
Which of the following structures DOES NOT match its
function?

7. A. Flowers need pollinators like bees to reproduce; animals do not.
B. Flowers are shed from time to time; nothing is shed from animals.
C. Flowers have male and female parts; animals have either male or
female parts.
D. There is no difference between flowers and the reproductive
organs of animals.
4. Flowers are the reproductive organs of plants. How are
flowers different from the reproductive organs of animals?

8. A. to grow and survive
B. to avoid pests and other animals
C. to survive floods and strong winds
D. to survive droughts and earthquakes
5. The organ systems of plants consist of the root and shoot
systems. Why is it important for these organ systems to work
together?

9. A. Organs make up tissues; tissues make up organs.
B. Tissues makes up organs; cells make up tissues.
C. Organs and tissues make up an organ system.
D. Organs and tissues ae made up of cells.
6. Which of the following differentiates organs from tissues?

10. A. cell
B. organ
C. organ system
D. tissue
7. At which smallest level of organization in an organism can
the characteristics of life be carried out?

11. A. cell → organ → organ system → tissue
B. organ → organ system → tissue → cell
C. Tissue → cell → organ → organ system
D. organ system → organ → tissue → cell
8. Which is the correct sequence – from biggest to smallest –
of the levels of organization in an organism?

12. Reading Activity

13. I am your body
Made up not of anybody
Your essential organs are all in order
For you to become better
WHAT MAKES YOUR BODY
by: Jaypee Kadalem Balera

14. From the head you have your brain to think
Your eyes to see and nose to smell
You have your mouth to eat and tongue to taste
Your ears to hear and skin to make all organs bear
As you go deeper
You will see it clearer
The beauty of each system that works together
The lungs and heart that make you feel better

15. Nutritious foods are more significant
As nutrients move along to make you fine
When your body eliminates metabolic wastes
Thank your kidneys for the success
Your organs are too many
If you want to count just think one to twenty
Remember that each organ is made up of tissues
And I know you can’t do it in just a day

16. Some organs sometimes go wrong
Because proper care was not given along
If one system fails to function
Others might as well malfunction
Eat well with nutritious foods
If you don’t want to call your doctor dude
Bear in mind that disease and injury is ahead of you
If you take something that ruins you.

18. 1. What are the body parts stated in the poem?
2. What are the main parts of the organ systems
stated in the poem?
brain, nose, eyes, mouth, tongue, ears, skin,
lungs, heart, and kidneys
brain, skin, lungs, heart, and kidneys

19. 3. What organs are responsible for eliminating
metabolic waste?
4. What will happen if some organs malfunction?
Kidneys
Systems will fail to function.

20. 5. What makes up an organism?
6. How can you take good care of the organ
systems?
Organisms are made up of organ systems.
• Eat nutritious food. • Drink lots of water.
• Enough rest and
sleep
• Regular exercise

21. Activity 1
What Makes Up an
Organism?

22. OBJECTIVES:
1. Identify the parts that make up an organism.
2. Describe the function of each part.
3. Describe how these parts work together.

23. You are an organism just like plants and an
animal.
Figure 1. Pictures of a human being, plant, and an animal

24. Have you ever asked yourself what makes
you up and the other organisms around
you?
What parts of the human body do you
see?
To which organ systems do these parts
belong?
Figure 2. A model of a
human torso

25. Can you identify these
organ systems?
How do these organ systems work together?
Figure 3. Some Organ Systems
Can you identify these organ systems?

26. The circulatory system is one of the organ
systems that make up an organism. It is made
up of the heart, blood vessels, and blood.
Figure 4. A Model of a
Human Heart
Figure 4 shows a model of a human heart.
Your heart is about the size of your fist. It
pumps and circulates blood to the different
parts of the body through the blood vessels.
Certain diseases affect the heart and cause it
to function improperly.

27. What parts of the human heart do you see?
Figure 4. A Model of a
Human Heart
If these parts of the heart were injured or
diseased, what do you think will happen to
the organism?
What do you think will happen to the heart
if any of these parts were injured or
diseased?

28. The excretory system is another organ system
that makes up an organism. It is made up of
different organs that help the body eliminate
metabolic wastes and maintain internal balance.
These organs include a pair of kidneys.
Figure 5. A model of a
human kidney
Figure 5 shows a model of a human kidney.
What shape does it look like?
The kidneys are made up of even smaller parts.
Some parts eliminate wastes that are no longer
needed by the body; other parts function in the
reabsorption of water and nutrients.

29. Like the heart, certain diseases also affect
the kidneys and their function.
Figure 5. A model of a
human kidney
What do you think will happen to the kidneys if
any of these parts were injured or diseased?
If these parts of the kidneys were injured or
diseased, what do you think will happen to the
organism?
What procedure can a medical doctor do to
correct an injury to these organs?

30. Organs are made up of tissues. The heart,
kidneys, and the parts that make them up are
made up of tissues. Figure 6 shows a picture
of a muscle tissue. This tissue is made up of
cells - the basic units of structure and function
in organisms.
Figure 6. Muscle tissues
What do you think will happen to the
organs if these tissues were injured or
diseased?
If these tissues were injured or diseased, what do you think will
happen to the organ systems?
If these tissues were injured or diseased, what do you think will
happen to the organism?

31. Activity 3
Organ Systems
DIRECTIONS: List down the different
organ systems in the 1st column
(Organ Systems), its function in the
2nd column, and its organs in the 3rd
column (Organs).

32. Activity 3
Organ Systems
ORGAN SYSTEMS FUNCTION ORGANS
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.

34. Plants are also made up of organ systems:
the root and shoot systems.
• The root system absorbs water and
nutrients.
• The shoot system moves them to the
different parts of the plant.
Figure 7. An orchid showing
shoot and root systems
In what ways are the functions of the organ
systems of plants similar to those of animals?
Like the organ system of animals, those of plants have parts that
work together.

35. The shoot system of plants is composed of the
stem, leaves, and flowers.
• Stem - allow the transport of water and
nutrients from the roots to the leaves.
• Leaves – structures for the manufacture of
food.
• Flowers – reproductive organs
Figure 7. An orchid showing
shoot and root systems
In what ways are they different?
• Plants have only two organ systems (root and shoot systems).
• Animals have complex organ systems that work directly with other
organ systems.

36. Figure 8 shows a picture of a flower. Flowers
are the reproductive organs of plants.
Together with the leaves and the stems, they
make up the shoot system.
Figure 8. A Gumamela
(Hibiscus) flower
In what ways are flowers similar to the
reproductive organs of animals?
• Like the reproductive organs of animals, complete flowers have
male and female parts. These parts work together to bear seeds
from which new plants germinate.

37. Figure 8. A Gumamela
(Hibiscus) flower
How do the flowers, leaves, and stems
help plants meet their basic needs?
• Leaves – manufacturing of food
• Stem – provides support and channels of transportation
• Flowers – reproduction
In what ways are they different?
• Plants can dispense with their flowers –
their reproductive organs – to generate
their kind for they can also reproduce
asexually. Animals that reproduce
sexually make use of only their
reproductive organs to do so.

38. What do think will happen to the plant if any of the parts that make
up the shoot system were injured or diseased?
• Anything that happens to any of the parts that make up the
shoot system of plants will certainly affect the plant as well.

39. Figure 9. Roots of a tree
Aside from absorbing water and nutrients, what other functions do
the roots serve?
Figure 9 shows a picture of the roots of a
tree. What parts do you think make up these
roots?
• The root system is another organ system of
plants.
• In some plants, it is made up of the primary
root, the secondary roots, and the root
hairs.
• Roots also provide anchorage to the plant.
• Some roots store food.
• Others can perform photosynthesis.

40. • Plants have tissues, too.
• Roots are also made up of tissues.
• Tissues are made up of cells – the basic units of structure
and function in organisms.
• All organisms are made up of cells; they are the smallest
level of organization at which the properties of life can be
carried out.

41. Figure 10. A model of a
section of a root tip showing
different plant tissues
Figure 10 shows a model of a section of a
root tip. When you get a small section of a
root tip and view it under a microscope,
you will see that it is made up of many
layers of tissues. You will also see that these
tissues are composed of similar cells that
are arranged and grouped together to
perform specific functions.

42. Figure 10. A model of a
section of a root tip showing
different plant tissues
The function of the root will be affected.
What do you think will happen to the roots if the
tissues that make them up were injured or
diseased?
Serious damage to the root will kill the plant.
If the roots were injured or diseased, what do you
think will happen to the plant?

43. Figure 11. Models of animal
and plant cells
Take a closer look at the models
of animal and plant cells in Figure
11. Cells are the basic units of
structure and function of all
organisms. These cells are grouped
together to form more complex
structures: tissues, organs, and
organ systems.
Animals and plants are very different organisms and yet, they
are both made up of parts that are organized similarly.

44. What do you think will happen to the tissues, organs, and organ
systems if these cells were injured or diseased?
When cells or tissues are injured or diseased, the higher levels
of organization that they make up are affected as well.
If the tissues, organs, and organ systems were injured or diseased,
what do you think will happen to the organism?
The different parts that make up an organism perform a
specific function. Anything that happens to the smallest of
parts that make up an organism will most likely affect the
whole organism.

45. LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION IN AN ORGANISM
• Cells are the basic structural and functional unit of living
organisms.
• Tissues are groups of cells that act together to perform a
specific function.
• Organs are group of tissues in a living organism that perform a
specific function
• Organ system is made up of organs that have related functions
and are grouped together.
• An organism refers to a living thing that has an organized
structure and can react to stimuli, reproduce, grow, adapt, and
maintain homeostasis.

46. LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION IN AN ORGANISM
• Population is a group of individuals of the same species living
in a certain area and capable of interbreeding.
• Community refers to a group of interacting organisms either of
the same or different species in a particular area and time.
• Ecosystem is a community of living organisms interacting with
the non-living things.
• Biosphere is interrelated ecosystems composed of living and
non-living things.

48. Activity 3
Simply Extraordinary

49. DIRECTIONS: Analyze the
illustration. Label the picture on
the different levels of biological
organizations of an organism.

50. Guide Questions:
1. What is your basis in identifying the different levels of biological
organizations of an organism?
2. How will you describe an organism?
3. How will you compare a cell from a tissue and an organ from an
organ system?

51. Activity 4
From Simple to Complex

52. DIRECTIONS: Read and analyze
the illustration below and answer
the questions that follow.

54. Guide Questions:
1. Enumerate the lower level of organization and the higher
level of organization.
A. Lower level of organization:
________________________________________________________
B. Higher level of organization:
________________________________________________________
2. How does each level of the organization affect the
biological organization as a whole?

55. Activity 5
Reflection
Knowing that humans are organisms who readily
react to the different stimuli from the environment,
explain what can you do as an organism to help
prevent the widespread of Covid19 and other
communicable diseases, not only to protect
yourself but also your family, community, and
humanity as a whole.