1. The document discusses the concept of a ubiquitous home, also known as a smart home, which uses sensors and devices connected through a network to automate appliances and monitor the home environment. 2. It outlines several challenges in designing a ubiquitous home including ease of use, reliability, handling ambiguity, and adapting to changing contexts and tasks. 3. The proposed architecture connects devices through an internal network to a centralized controlling system. Sensors would monitor various aspects of the environment, security, health, and home appliances.

1. Ubiquitous Home
By Swati A. Sonawane
M.E. (SSA)

2. INDEX
Introduction Challenges Architecture Appliances Example Conclusion

3. Introduction
• Ubiquitous Home so called “Smart Home”
Introduction • Definition
• Smart Home : “A dwelling incorporating a
Challenges
communications network that connects
the key electrical appliances and
Architecture services, and allows them to be
remotely controlled, monitored
or accessed”
Appliances /
Services
• We can define a Ubiquitous Home
as a Smart Home without intervention
Example of Human being, taking its own
decision depending upon context.
Conclusions • Computation is invisible/calm

4. Need of Ubiquitous Home
Introduction
• Change in LifeStyle
Challenges • Security
• Health
• Home Entertainment
Architecture
• To Managing large Information and Communication
• To Maintain home easily
Appliances / • To Automate home appliance,
Services
– And also give full and remote control over them.
• To create very pleasant and cherish ambience
Example
Conclusions

5. Motivation
• Outstanding Technological Innovations
Introduction – Very Small Size of Embedded devices, almost make them invisible.
– Improved Computational Power
– Available in Low Cost
Challenges – Wearable Computing Devices
– RFID, Sensors, Smart Card, Information Artifacts, and Tiny Smart Device
Architecture • Wireless Communication between devices
– Bluetooth
– Wi-FI
Appliances / – ZigBee
Services
• Advances In Machine Learning
– Algorithms Learn human behavior
Example
• Context Awareness and Adaptation
– Autonomous Sensing, Environment Adaptation, Cooperation
– Real-time and Proactive
Conclusions
– Adapting to Device Type, Time, Location, Temperature, Weather, etc

6. Challenges
Introduction
Challenges
• Ease of Use
• Impromptu interoperability
Architecture
• No Systems Administrator
Appliances /
• Reliability
Services • Inference In The Presence of Ambiguity
• Task Dynamism
Example
Conclusions

7. Ease of Use
Introduction
• Negligible or No Explicit Human input
Challenges • Capturing and Learning Human behavior
Architecture • Ability to over-ride users input over sensed data
Appliances /
• To give user of various choices of interfaces to communicate with system
Services – Gesture Recognition
– Voice Recognition (very important)
Example
• Take user’s advice and remember the decision on Critical tasks.
Conclusions

8. Impromptu interoperability
Introduction
• Unplanned interoperability Devices
Challenges – Currently devices (specially home appliances e.g. washing machine , refrigerator etc.)
are not designed for to be controlled by centralized system
– Lack of interface
Architecture
• Detecting various devices and services in present range
Appliances /
Services
• Communications between devices
Example
• Defining standards for such devices and services
Conclusions

9. No Systems Administrator
Introduction
Challenges • Self recovering to failures
Architecture • Auto contacting with service center to get services
Appliances /
• Auto updating of software.
Services
• Instant Notifications for hardware failures
Example – e.g. Not working smoke sensors
Conclusions

10. Reliability
• Ideally a Ubiquitous Home system should not crash.
Introduction
• As system controls multiple systems , failure of one service or device should not affect
Challenges the working of other devices
Architecture
• It should prevent it self from false inputs
– By taking multiple sensor data
– Or user advice before taking critical decisions
Appliances /
Services
• It should be secured.
– From network hacks / attacks
Example
Conclusions

11. Inference in the Presence of Ambiguity
• Much of Ubiquitous research holds that context awareness is crucial to the smart home
Introduction
• How smart does the smart home have to be ?
• How much inference is required for these environments to be successful?
Challenges • What benefits can be achieved with limited inference, or with no inference at all?
• What is the cost of incorrect inferences?
Architecture • are the sensors just sensing sensors?
• trying to apply digital decisions to an analog world
Appliances /
• user must be able to predict and understand behaviors of their technology:
Services – system's expected behavior given a particular condition is
– Known
– system's facilities for detecting conditions is known
Example – provisions for overriding system's decisions
– ambiguity should not be hidden from the user
• challenges the differentiation of what functions of the
Conclusions • smart home are possible with limited implication to user.

12. Task Dynamism
Introduction
• Application need to adapt to the user’s environment and uncertainties
Challenges
• Program need to adopt to changing goals.
Architecture
Appliances /
Services
Example
Conclusions

13. Architecture
Introduction Social Network ,
Web services
IM
Challenges
Architecture Centralized
Controlling
Appliances /
System
Services
Example
Conclusions

14. Elements of Ubiquitous Home
Introduction
• Internal network – wired, wireless
Challenges • Intelligent control – gateway to manage the systems
Architecture • Home automation –
products within the homes
Appliances /
and links to services and
Services systems outside the home
Example • And Various Sensors
Conclusions

15. Appliances and services
Introduction
• Environmental
Challenges • Security
• Home entertainment
Architecture • Domestic appliances
• Information and communication
Appliances /
• Health
Services
Example
Conclusions

16. Environmental (1)
• Heating, ventilation and air conditioning programmable for daily activities
Introduction
– Also with remote control via phone/Internet
Challenges • Water temperature control on taps, baths and sinks
Architecture • Water quantity delivery controlled and monitored
Appliances /
• Hands-free taps
Services
• Water leak monitoring
Example
Conclusions

17. Environmental (2)
• Lights programmable for daily routines, special settings for
Introduction
watching TV and other activities
Challenges • Lights come on to guide residents to bathroom or kitchen
if they get out of bed at night
Architecture • Voice controlled lighting
Appliances / • Automatic curtain/window closing depending on light/weather conditions
Services
• Preset scene to user’s preference
choose from: Home theatre
Example scene, romantic scene,
party scene, etc.
Conclusions

18. Environmental (3)
• Automatic gas, electricity and water metering, no more estimated bills
Introduction
• Information available on a daily basis, not only for every month
Challenges
• Online utility account management via PC (Internet) or TV (interactive service)
Architecture • Energy use and running cost of each appliance available to help
you use them economically
Appliances /
Services
Example
Conclusions

19. Security
• Alarms and Access control
Introduction
– Alerts delivered to householder via phone or Internet, automatic calling of security services
– A security system connected with surveillance camera & alarms will be activated if there is any
intrusion, with priority email alert sent automatically.
Challenges
– Window breakage alarms
– Entrance by dedicated swipe cards, face and/or finger
Architecture print recognition
– Whole house deadlock when last person leaves
Appliances /
Services • Motion detectors
Example • Environmental detectors
– Fire/smoke detectors linked to fire service
– Gas detectors to detect gas leaks
Conclusions – Carbon monoxide detectors to close down dangerous appliances

20. Home Appliances
• Kitchen
Introduction
– Online recipe suggestions
– Smart refrigerator – checks stock, orders automatically using Internet connection
Challenges – Oven programmable to cook when you’re out
– Automatic breakfast – coffee, kettle & toaster
Architecture
• Cleaning
Appliances / – Robot vacuum cleaner to clean when you’re out or asleep
Services (By Samsung available in market)
– Washing machine detects stray items
Example i.e. red socks in white load
and prevents wash
Conclusions

21. Home Appliances
• Smart Wardrobe
Introduction
– Suggest clothes depending on Weather or Heath
Challenges
• Smart Dressing Table
– Having Multiple Camera
Architecture – Large Screen easy to Make-up
Appliances /
• Smart Mat
– By sensing the body weight and footprint of the user,
Services
the smart mat immediately recognizes which user is
stepping on the mat
Example
Conclusions

22. Home Appliances
• Smart Tables
Introduction
• Smart Bed
Challenges – Helps you wake up in time
– Keep records of sleeping times
Architecture • DigiFlowers
– Voice recognition
Appliances /
• Smart Mirrors
Services
– Showing information you needed
on part of mirror while your getting ready
Example
• Smart Wall
Conclusions – With low cost display devices like LCD/LED
it’s possible to have very large screen covering whole wall

23. Home Entertainment
Introduction
• Smart TV
Challenges – Playing Movie depending on mood
– Suggesting program on time
– Showing alerts if required
Architecture
• Video games
Appliances /
Services
Example
Conclusions

24. Health Care
Introduction
• Occupant monitoring – falls, getting up on time
Challenges
• Medication reminders
– Yearly health checkups, dental checks
Architecture
• Health monitoring – blood pressure, diabetes
– Wearable devices can sense Heart rate ,
Appliances /
Body temperature, sugar level etc.
Services
• Height adjustable kitchen units and sink
Example
• Daily routine reminders
Conclusions

25. Existing Smart Homes
Introduction
Few examples of smart home.
Challenges
• BRIGADE VALUE HOMES (Bangalore India)
Architecture
• Shamit Octozone ( Aurangabad , India )
Appliances /
• BAY AREA SMART HOMES (Fillmore, San Francisco CA)
Services
Example
Conclusions

26. Conclusions
Introduction
• We have seen various challenges in designing and available technologies in
Ubiquitous Home
Challenges
• There is need for defining standard for various home appliances for
Architecture communication
Appliances / • We conclude Ubiquitous Home will be integral part of our life in near
Services
future
Example
Conclusions

27. References
• Issues & Challenges in Ubiquitous Computing - Prof P. Venkataram
• At Home with Ubiquitous Computing: Seven Challenges - W. Keith Edwards and
Rebecca E. Grinter, Xerox
• Architectures for ubiquitous systems - Umar Saif , University of Cambridge