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Conference
Extern Thanyarat Ratanakoset
Phramongkutklao College of Medicine
Case History
ผู้ป่วยเด็กชายไทย อายุ 11 ปี
ภูมิลาเนา จังหวัด นครราชสีมา
สัญชาติไทย เชื้อชาติไทย ศาสนาพุทธ
Mechanism of injury : ถูกเพื่อนเตะที่มือซ้าย
เหตุเกิดเมื่อ 17 ก.พ. 2561 เวลา 14.00 น.
Cheif complaint
ปวดมือซ้าย 4 ชั่วโมง 30 นาที ก่อนมาโรงพยาบาล
Present illness
4 ชั่วโมง 30 นาที ก่อนมารพ. ขณะผู้ป่วยกาลังเล่นกับ
เพื่อนที่โรงเรียน ถูกเพื่อนเตะเข้าขาขวา ผู้ป่วยใช้มือซ้าย
มากันไว้ หลังโดนเตะมีอาการปวดทันที ปวดเมื่อโดนจับ
วางมือไว้เฉยๆไม่ปวด ขยับได้ปกติ ผู้ป่วยกลับมาบ้าน
ทายานวดแล้วนอน ตื่นขึ้นมายังมีอาการปวดมากเมื่อโดน
จับที่มือ ขยับมือได้ ไม่ชา ไม่มีอ่อนแรง ไม่มีไข้ ไม่แดง
ไม่ร้อน มือบวมมากขึ้น จึงมารพ.
Primary Survey
A : can speak, no hoarseness, no posterior
midline neck tenderness, full ROM
B : trachea in midline, no subcutaneous
emphysema, normal chest expansion, clear
and equal breath sound both lungs
Primary survey
C : BP 128/77 mmHg, PR 90 bpm, no distention, not
tender, no guarding, no rebound tenderness, BS +ve,
no external bleeding,
D : E4V5M6, pupil 3 mm RTLBE
E : Left hand swelling, no redness, no wound, normal
alignment of fingernails, marked tender on palpation
at MCB area, full ROM on passive motion,
neurovascular intact
Secondary survey
A : no food/drug allergy
M : no current medication
P : no U/D
L : last meal 17:00 น.
E : ถูกเพื่อนเตะที่มือซ้าย
Secondary survey
Vital sign BT 36.8 C, PR 96 /min, RR 20 /min, BP 128/77 mmHg
Head and Maxillofacial
no wound , no ecchymosis, no epistaxis ,
no bleeding per ears
Cervical spine and Neck
no wound , no subcutaneous emphysema at neck, no expanding
hematoma, trachea in midline, no dysphagia, no distended neck vein
Chest
No wound at chest wall , equal breath sound both lung, no
subcutaneous emphysema, normal chest movement
Secondary survey
Abdomen
No distention, soft, not tender , no guarding, no rebound tenderness
Musculoskeleton
Left hand swelling, no redness, no wound, normal alignment of fingernails,
marked tender on palpation at MCB area, full ROM on passive motion,
neurovascular intact
PR
Not evaluated
Neurological
E4M6V5 , pupil 3 mm RTLBE , motor V all
Film Left Hand AP
Film Left Hand Oblique
Diagnosis
Close fracture left 5th neck of
Metacarpal bone ( Boxer’s fracture )
Management
Pethidine 40 mg IV stat
Close reduction
On Ulnar gutter splint left hand
On arm sling left arm
D/C นัด F/U 1 wk + film left hand AP,
Obligue
Film Left hand AP หลัง slab
Film Left hand Obique หลัง slab
Review fracture metacarpal
bone
Metacarpal bone fracture
◦ divided into fractures of metacarpal
head, neck, shaft
◦ treatment based on which metacarpal is
involved and location of fracture
◦ acceptable angulation varies by location
◦ no degree of malrotation is acceptable
Epidemiology
incidence
▪ metacarpal fractures account for 40% of all
hand injuries
demographics
▪ men aged 10-29 have highest incidence of
metacarpal injuries
location
▪ metacarpal neck is most common site of
fracture
▪ fifth metacarpal is most commonly injured
Mechanism of injury
◦ direct blow to hand or rotational injury
with axial load
◦ high energy injuries (ie. automobile) may
result in multiple fractures
Associated injury
◦ wounds may indicate open fractures or
concomitant soft tissue injury
▪ tendon laceration
▪ neurovascular injury
◦ compartment syndrome
▪ closed injuries with multiple fractures or
dislocations
▪ crush injuries
Physical examination
inspect for open wounds and associated injuries
▪ fight wounds over MCP joint are open until proven
otherwise
▪ extensor tendon can be lacerated and retracted
▪ dorsal wounds over metacarpal fractures are almost
always open fractures
deformity indicates location
▪ deformity at metacarpal base may indicate CMC
dislocation
▪ shortening can be assessed by comparing contralateral
hand
▪ malrotation assessed by lining up fingernail in partial
flexion and full flexion if possible, compare to contralateral side
Physical examination
motor examination
▪ typically no motor deficits unless open wounds present
▪ check integrity of flexor/extensor tendons in presence
of open wounds
neurovascular examination
▪ dorsal wounds may affect dorsal sensory branch of
radial/ulnar nerve
▪ volar wounds can involve digital nerves
◦ test for radial and ulnar border two-point discrimination
on the injured digit before any regional/hematoma block or
attempted reduction
Imaging
Standard film AP, Oblique
Treatment
Non-operative treatment : immobilization
indications
▪ must be stable pattern
▪ no rotational deformity
▪ acceptable angulation & shortening
Treatment
Operative treatment
▪ general indications
▪ intra-articular fxs
▪ rotational malalignment of digit
▪ significantly displaced fractures
▪ multiple metacarpal shaft fractures
▪ loss inherent stability from border digit during
healing process
▪ postoperative
▪ early motion is critical
▪ remove pins/ cast at ~ 4 weeks
Operative treatment
Jahss technique
Reference
Rockwood and Green’s Fractures in Adults 8th
edition
www.orthobullets.com
http://ortho2.md.chula.ac.th/index.php/index/dow
nload-
%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0
%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3/category/
5-hand.html?download=41:pearls-and-pitfalls-in-
common-hand-fractures
Ortho conference thanyarat

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Ortho conference thanyarat

  • 2. Case History ผู้ป่วยเด็กชายไทย อายุ 11 ปี ภูมิลาเนา จังหวัด นครราชสีมา สัญชาติไทย เชื้อชาติไทย ศาสนาพุทธ Mechanism of injury : ถูกเพื่อนเตะที่มือซ้าย เหตุเกิดเมื่อ 17 ก.พ. 2561 เวลา 14.00 น.
  • 3. Cheif complaint ปวดมือซ้าย 4 ชั่วโมง 30 นาที ก่อนมาโรงพยาบาล
  • 4. Present illness 4 ชั่วโมง 30 นาที ก่อนมารพ. ขณะผู้ป่วยกาลังเล่นกับ เพื่อนที่โรงเรียน ถูกเพื่อนเตะเข้าขาขวา ผู้ป่วยใช้มือซ้าย มากันไว้ หลังโดนเตะมีอาการปวดทันที ปวดเมื่อโดนจับ วางมือไว้เฉยๆไม่ปวด ขยับได้ปกติ ผู้ป่วยกลับมาบ้าน ทายานวดแล้วนอน ตื่นขึ้นมายังมีอาการปวดมากเมื่อโดน จับที่มือ ขยับมือได้ ไม่ชา ไม่มีอ่อนแรง ไม่มีไข้ ไม่แดง ไม่ร้อน มือบวมมากขึ้น จึงมารพ.
  • 5. Primary Survey A : can speak, no hoarseness, no posterior midline neck tenderness, full ROM B : trachea in midline, no subcutaneous emphysema, normal chest expansion, clear and equal breath sound both lungs
  • 6. Primary survey C : BP 128/77 mmHg, PR 90 bpm, no distention, not tender, no guarding, no rebound tenderness, BS +ve, no external bleeding, D : E4V5M6, pupil 3 mm RTLBE E : Left hand swelling, no redness, no wound, normal alignment of fingernails, marked tender on palpation at MCB area, full ROM on passive motion, neurovascular intact
  • 7. Secondary survey A : no food/drug allergy M : no current medication P : no U/D L : last meal 17:00 น. E : ถูกเพื่อนเตะที่มือซ้าย
  • 8. Secondary survey Vital sign BT 36.8 C, PR 96 /min, RR 20 /min, BP 128/77 mmHg Head and Maxillofacial no wound , no ecchymosis, no epistaxis , no bleeding per ears Cervical spine and Neck no wound , no subcutaneous emphysema at neck, no expanding hematoma, trachea in midline, no dysphagia, no distended neck vein Chest No wound at chest wall , equal breath sound both lung, no subcutaneous emphysema, normal chest movement
  • 9. Secondary survey Abdomen No distention, soft, not tender , no guarding, no rebound tenderness Musculoskeleton Left hand swelling, no redness, no wound, normal alignment of fingernails, marked tender on palpation at MCB area, full ROM on passive motion, neurovascular intact PR Not evaluated Neurological E4M6V5 , pupil 3 mm RTLBE , motor V all
  • 10.
  • 12. Film Left Hand Oblique
  • 13. Diagnosis Close fracture left 5th neck of Metacarpal bone ( Boxer’s fracture )
  • 14. Management Pethidine 40 mg IV stat Close reduction On Ulnar gutter splint left hand On arm sling left arm D/C นัด F/U 1 wk + film left hand AP, Obligue
  • 15.
  • 16. Film Left hand AP หลัง slab
  • 17. Film Left hand Obique หลัง slab
  • 19.
  • 20.
  • 21. Metacarpal bone fracture ◦ divided into fractures of metacarpal head, neck, shaft ◦ treatment based on which metacarpal is involved and location of fracture ◦ acceptable angulation varies by location ◦ no degree of malrotation is acceptable
  • 22. Epidemiology incidence ▪ metacarpal fractures account for 40% of all hand injuries demographics ▪ men aged 10-29 have highest incidence of metacarpal injuries location ▪ metacarpal neck is most common site of fracture ▪ fifth metacarpal is most commonly injured
  • 23. Mechanism of injury ◦ direct blow to hand or rotational injury with axial load ◦ high energy injuries (ie. automobile) may result in multiple fractures
  • 24. Associated injury ◦ wounds may indicate open fractures or concomitant soft tissue injury ▪ tendon laceration ▪ neurovascular injury ◦ compartment syndrome ▪ closed injuries with multiple fractures or dislocations ▪ crush injuries
  • 25. Physical examination inspect for open wounds and associated injuries ▪ fight wounds over MCP joint are open until proven otherwise ▪ extensor tendon can be lacerated and retracted ▪ dorsal wounds over metacarpal fractures are almost always open fractures deformity indicates location ▪ deformity at metacarpal base may indicate CMC dislocation ▪ shortening can be assessed by comparing contralateral hand ▪ malrotation assessed by lining up fingernail in partial flexion and full flexion if possible, compare to contralateral side
  • 26. Physical examination motor examination ▪ typically no motor deficits unless open wounds present ▪ check integrity of flexor/extensor tendons in presence of open wounds neurovascular examination ▪ dorsal wounds may affect dorsal sensory branch of radial/ulnar nerve ▪ volar wounds can involve digital nerves ◦ test for radial and ulnar border two-point discrimination on the injured digit before any regional/hematoma block or attempted reduction
  • 27.
  • 29. Treatment Non-operative treatment : immobilization indications ▪ must be stable pattern ▪ no rotational deformity ▪ acceptable angulation & shortening
  • 30.
  • 31. Treatment Operative treatment ▪ general indications ▪ intra-articular fxs ▪ rotational malalignment of digit ▪ significantly displaced fractures ▪ multiple metacarpal shaft fractures ▪ loss inherent stability from border digit during healing process ▪ postoperative ▪ early motion is critical ▪ remove pins/ cast at ~ 4 weeks
  • 34. Reference Rockwood and Green’s Fractures in Adults 8th edition www.orthobullets.com http://ortho2.md.chula.ac.th/index.php/index/dow nload- %E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0 %B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3/category/ 5-hand.html?download=41:pearls-and-pitfalls-in- common-hand-fractures