The vision for nature conservation as we know it started with Charles Rothschild, who was the first person to identify the importance of protecting âplacesâ for wildlife.
The group was tasked with exploring: â if the collection of sites represent a coherent and robust ecological network for England, capable of responding to the challenges of climate change and other pressuresâ. And also: â whether a more inter-connected network would be more effective today and in the future and, if so, how this could be deliveredâ.
Three categories of wildlife site identified: Tier 1 â primary purpose is nature conservation and have the highest level of protection (e.g. SSSIs) Tier 2 â designated for their high biodiversity value but do not receive full protection (e.g. Local Wildlife Sites) Tier 3 â landscape designations with wildlife conservation as part of their statutory purpose (e.g. National Parks) The extent to which the different tiers of sites separately and collectively comprise a network was examined by testing against five attributes
Tier 1 â primary purpose is nature conservation and have the highest level of protection (e.g. SSSIs)
Tier 2 â designated for their high biodiversity value but do not receive full protection (e.g. Local Wildlife Sites)
Tier 3 â landscape designations with wildlife conservation as part of their statutory purpose (e.g. National Parks)
Making Space for Nature â outcomes One of the key conclusions is that âIn England, we donât have a coherent ecological network of wildlife sitesâ. Only attribute (i) is substantially met: (i) The network will support the full range of Englandâs biodiversity and incorporate ecologically important areas, including special biodiversity
Many of the natural connections in our countryside have been degraded or lost, leading to isolation of sites.
The report includes 24 recommendations for practical action to achieve a coherent and resilient ecological network
Recommendation 3. Ecological Restoration Zones (ERZ) need to be established that operate over large, discrete areas within which significant enhancements of ecological networks are achieved, by enhancing existing wildlife sites, improving ecological connections and restoring ecological processes. Recommendation 2. Planning policy and practice should: Continue to provide the strongest protection to internationally important sites and strong protection from inappropriate development to SSSIs Provide greater protection to other priority habitats and features that form part of ecological networks, particularly Local Wildlife Sites, ancient woodland and other priority BAP habitats. Recommendation 12. Local authorities should take responsibility for the identification and monitoring of Local Wildlife Sites and the management of LWS must be improved.