1. The document discusses the need for an ombudsman or Lokpal in India to effectively investigate and prosecute cases of corruption. 2. It outlines some of the key shortcomings of India's existing anti-corruption bodies, including a lack of independence, fragmented structure with overlapping jurisdictions, and lack of transparency and accountability. 3. The document argues that an independent Lokpal institution is necessary to conduct impartial investigations of public officials and ensure corrupt individuals are properly prosecuted and punished.

1. tu yksdiky fo/ks;d
,d foLr`r O;k[;k
ÁFke laLdj.k
fnukad % 20 ebZ 2011
bafM;k vxsaLV djI'ku }kjk Ádkf'kr

2. fo"k;&lwph 2 ;g lqfuf'pr fd;k tk,xk fd ;s yksx Bhd ls dke djsa 8
3 ;g lqfuf'pr fd;k tk,xk fd tu yksdiky ;k tu yksdk;qDr
1. ge Tku yksdiky D;ksa pkgrs gSa fdlh ls izHkkfor u gksa 9
d Lora=rk dk vHkko 1 ?k ;g lqfuf'pr fd;k tk,xk fd vxj os Bhd ls dke ugha djsaxs rks gVk
[k 'kfDrghu 1 fn, tk,axs 9
x dbZ rjg dh ,tsafl;ka 2 (i) yksdiky ;k yksdk;qDr ds Hkz"V deZpkfj;ksa dks gVk;k tkuk 9
?k ikjnf'kZrk ,oa vkarfjd tokcnsgh dh deh 2 (ii) yksdiky ;k yksdk;qDr ds v/;{k ;k lnL;ksa dk gVk;k tkuk 9
M+ Hkz"Vkpkj fojks/kh dkuwu esa [kkfe;ka 3 7. tu yksdiky dk vf/kdkj {ks= 10
2. yksdiky dh lajpuk 3 d loksZPp U;k;ky; ;k mPp U;k;ky; ds U;k;k/kh'k 10
(i) loksZPp U;k;ky; ;k mPp U;k;ky; ds U;k;k/kh'k dks gVkuk 10
d tu yksdiky rFkk tu yksdk;qDr dh Lok;Ùkrk 3
(ii) lokPp U;k;ky; ;k mPp U;k;ky; ds U;k;k/kh'k ds fo:) Hk"Vkpkj
Zs z 10
(i) iz'kklfud Lo;kÙkrk 3 (iii) tu yksdiky fcy ds nk;js esa mPp U;k;ikfydk dks 'kkfey
(ii) vkfFkZd Lo;kÙkrk 4 djus ij dqN nksLrksa dh vkifRr;ka 12
[k dsoy Hkz"Vkpkj fujks/kh ,tsalh 4 [k fuokZfpr jktusrk ftuesa iz/kkuea=h rFkk ea=h Hkh 'kkfey gSa 16
x dsoy lykgdkjh laLFkk,a ugha 4 x ukSdj'kkg 16
3. Hkz"Vkpkfj;ksa ds f[kykQ yksdiky }kjk D;k dkjZokbZ dh tk,xh 4 8. js[kkfp= }kjk yksdiky ;k yksdk;qDr esa Hkz"Vkpkj ds fo:) f'kdk;rksa ds
fuokj.k dk fu:i.k 17
d tkap dh fuf'pr le;kof/k 4
[k ljdkj dks gq, uqdlku dh olwyh 5 9. Hkz"Vkpkj ds f[kykQ vkokt+ mBkus okyksa (Cyksvj dk laj{k.k
fOg~ly 17
x laifRr;ksa dh dqdhZ 5
10. >wBh vkSj Hkzfer djus okyh f'kdk;rksa ds f[kykQ lqj{kk 18
?kHkz"Vkpkj ds fy, igys ls vf/kd lt+k 5
M+voS/k :i ls izkIr gq, ykHk dks Hkz"Vkpkj ds ek/;e ls vftZr fd;k 11. tu yksdiky vf/kfu;e ds ckjs esa vdlj iwNs tkus okys iz'u 19
gqvk ekuk tkuk 6
d D;k yksdiky fujadq'k gks tk,xk 19
p vkns'kksa ds u ekuus ij lt+k dk vf/kdkj 6
[k D;k tu f'kdk;rksa dks yksdiky dh ifjf/k esa ykuk pkfg, blls
4. tu yksdiky vke vkneh dks fj'or[kksjh ls dSls jkgr fnyk;sxk 6 yksdiky dk dk;ZHkkj vR;kf/kd c<+us ds lkFk&lkFk nq"dj gks
tk,xk 20
5. yksdiky ds rgr ukxfjd vf/kdkj i= ds mYya?ku ls lacaf/kr tu
f'kdk;rksa dk fuokj.k dSls fd;k tk,xk ¶yks pkVZ 7 12. ifjf'k"V 1 21
6. tu yksdiky vkSj tu yksdk;qDr esa Hkz"Vkpkj jksdus ds fy, D;k fd;k 13. ifjf'k"V 2 26
tk,xk 8
1 ;g lfuf'pr fd;k tk,xk fd bl dke ds fy, lgh ykxkas dk p;u gks 8
q s

3. Tku yksdiky D;ksa t+:jh gS ysfdu muds ikl dksbZ 'kfDr ugha gSA mUgsa dsoy lykg nsus okyh laLFkk cuk;k
x;k gSA os ljdkj dks nks rjg dh lykg nsrh gSa& fdlh vf/kdkjh ds f[kykQ
gekjs ekStwnk Hkz"Vkpkj fujks/kh O;oLFkk esa vussd [kkfe;ka gSa] ftudh otg ls foHkkxh; naM yxkus dh ;k mlds fo:) vnkyr esa eqdnek pykus dhA ;g
iq[rk lcwr gksus ds ckotwn Hkz"V yksxksa ds f[kykQ u rks bZekunkjh ls tkap gksrh ns[kus esa vk;k gS fd tc Hkh fdlh ea=h ;k mPp vf/kdkjh ds fo:) ,slh lykg
gS] u gh eqdnek pyk;k tkrk gS vkSj 'kk;n gh fdlh dks lt+k fey ikrh gSA nh tkrh gS] rc 'kk;n gh ml ij vey gksrk gSA
gekjh iwjh Hkz"Vkpkj fujks/kh O;oLFkk vly esa Hkz"V yksxkssa dks cpkus dk dke djrh
gSA x dbZ rjg dh ,tsafl;ka
gekjh Hkz"Vkpkj fujks/kh bdkb;ksa esa dbZ [kkfe;ka gSa ftudh otg ls og dksbZ Hkh ljdkj us tku cw>dj vusd Hkz"Vkpkj fujks/kh ,tsafl;kas dk xBu fd;k gS] rFkk
bZekunkj tkap djus esa vleFkZ gSaA mUgsa VqdM+ksa esa vf/kdkj iznku fd;s gaSA ;g blfy, fd;k x;k gS ftlls os izHkkoh
u gks ik,aA mnkgj.k ds fy;s&
uhps gekjh Hkz"Vkpkj fujks/kh ra= dh pkj izeq[k dfe;ka nh xbZ gSA gekjh Hkz"Vkpkj
fujks/kh O;oLFkk dh dfe;ksa dh foLr`r tkudkjh ds fy, ifjf'k"V&1 ns[ksa % ? dsUnz ljdkj ds Lrj ij] Hkz"Vkpkj ds ,d gh ekeys esa eq[; lrdZrk vk;ksx
d Lora=rk dk vHkko dks mPp vf/kdkfj;ksa ds f[kykQ Hkz"Vkpkj dk ekeyk ns[kuk gksrk gS rFkk
foHkkxh; lrdZrk dks dfu"B vf/kdkfj;ksa dk ekeyk ns[kuk gksrk gSA tSls fd
gekjh T+;knkrj ,tsafl;ka tSls& lhchvkbZ] jkT; lrdZrk foHkkx] fofHkUu foHkkxksa ofj"B vkSj dfu"B vf/kdkjh Hkz"Vkpkj esa vyx&vyx fyIr gksrs gSa !
ds vkarfjd lrdZrk foHkkx] jkT; iqfyl dh Hkz"Vkpkj fujks/kh 'kk[kk,a bR;kfn
Lora= ugha gSA vf/kdrj ekeyksa esa mUgsa viuh tkap dh fjiksVZ mUgh yksxksa dks ? ekeysa esa tgka ;s nksuksa ,tsafl;ka lrdZrk dh n`f"V ls tkap] djrh gSa
iqu% blh
lkSaiuh gksrh gS tks ;k rks vkjksih gksrs gSa ;k ftuds vkjksfi;ksa ds izHkko esa vkus dh ogha lhchvkbZ blh ekeys dh tkap vkijkf/kd n`f"Vdks.k ls djrh gSA lrdZrk
laHkkouk gksrh gSA mnkgj.k ds fy,& rFkk vkijkf/kd n`f"Vdks.k yxHkx leku gksrs gSa ( afl;ka ,d gh ekeys
nksuksa ,ts
dh yxHkx ogh tkap iM+rky vius&vius rjhds ls djrh gaS tks fd yxHkx ,d
? ds lrdZrk foHkkx dh ftEesnkjh iatkc ds eq[;ea=h ds ikl gSA et+s dh
iatkc tSlh gksrh gaS A
ckr ;g gS fd ogh lrdZrk foHkkx eq[;ea=h rFkk muds ifjokj ds yksxksa ds
fo:) Hkz"Vkpkj ds ekeyksa dh tkap dj jgk gS rFkk eqdnek pyk jgk gSA D;k ? ljdkj }kjk izLrkfor yksdiky ds vuqlkj eq[; lrdZrk vk;ksx
Hkkjr
ge mEehn dj ldrs gSa fd lrdZrk foHkkx bZekunkjh ls dksbZ tkap ;k eqdnek ukSdj'kkgksa dh Hkwfedk dh tkap djsxk rFkk yksdiky jktusrkvksa dh Hkwfedk dh
pyk,xk tkap djsxkA tSls fd jktusrk vkSj ukSdj'kkg Hkz"Vkpkj esa vyx&vyx
lfEefyr gksa !
? ifjf'k"V&2 esa nh xbZ foLr`r fjiksVZ ns[ksa fd dSls Hkkjrh; jk"Vªh;
d`i;k
jktekxZ izkf/kdj.k ( ,u,p,vkbZ ds ,d mPp vf/kdkjh ds ?kj ls csfglkc lcls igys rks] bl rjg dk foHkktu Hkze iSnk djrk gSA nwljk] ,slh
uxn jkf'k feyus ds ckn Hkh dey ukFk us ml vf/kdkjh ds fo:) Hkz"Vkpkj dk tkap&iM+rky dbZ lkyksa rd pyrh jgrh gSA mnkgj.k ds fy;s] dkWeuosYFk
ekeyk ntZ djus dh vuqefr ugha nhA lhchvkbZ us dks;yk ea=ky; ds ,d ?kksVkys ds LVªhV ykbV] ekeysa esa igys lhohlh us tkap dh] mlds ckn lhchvkbZ
vf/kdkjh] ds f[kykQ eqdnek ntZ djus dh vuqefr ds fy, dbZ ckj vuqjks/k us tkap dh rFkk mlds ckn blh ekeysa esa 'kqaxyw lfefr us Hkh iwNrkN dhA
fd;kA ijarq dks;yk ea=ky; us vuqefr ugha nhA og vf/kdkjh ckn esa lh,eMh rhljk] ;fn nks ,tsafl;ka vyx&vyx urht+ksa ij igqaprh gSa rks blls Hkz"V yksxksa
(ca/kd funs'kd cu x;kA jsyos us blh rjg jsyos HkrhZ ?kksVkys ls tqM+s
eq[; iz ds f[+kykQ ekeyk det+ksj iM+rk gSA ,slh Hkzked O;oLFkk dk Qk;nk varr% Hkz"V
yksxksa dks feyrk gS ftudks lt+k dHkh ugha feyrhA
mPp vf/kdkfj;ksa ds f[+kykQ+ eqdnek pykus dh lhchvkbZ dh ekax dks yVdk,
j[kkA ?k ikjnf'kZrk ,oa vkarfjd tokcnsgh dh deh
[k 'kfDrghu blds lkFk gh] bu Hkz"Vkpkj fujks/kh bdkb;ksa esa vkarfjd ikjnf'kZrk rFkk
tokcnsgh dh deh gSA orZeku esa] bu Hkz"Vkpkj fujks/kh bdkb;ksa esa ;fn buds [kqn
gekjh dqN ,tsafl;ka tSls eq[; lrdZrk vk;ksx ;k yksdk;qDr Lora= rks gSa]
1 2

4. ds deZpkjh Hkz"V gks tkrs gSa rks bUgsa jksdus ds fy, dksbZ vyx ls izHkkoh O;oLFkk ? Lora=rk & buds [kpZ Hkkjr ;k ml jkT; dh ladfyr fuf/k ls fd;s
vkfFkZd
ugha gSA tk,axs bUgsa ftrus Hkh [kpZ dh t+:jr gksxh] oks mUgsa miyC/k djk;s tk,axsA tu
;gh dkj.k gS fd bruh ,tsafl;ksa ds gksrs gq, Hkh Hkz"V yksx 'kk;n gh dHkh tsy yksdiky @ tu yksdk;qDr t+:jr ds vuqlkj fdrus Hkh deZpkfj;ksa dks fu;qDr
tkrs gSaA Hkz"Vkpkj cM+s Q+k;ns rFkk fcuk [krjs okyk O;olk; cu x;k gSA dj ldrs gSaA ;g ljdkjh lsok esa yxs gq, deZpkfj;ksa dks ;k ckgj ds fdlh Hkh
Hkz"Vkpkj ds f[+kykQ+ fdlh Hkh izdkj dk dksbZ Hk; ugha jg x;k gSA O;fDr dks fu;qDr dj ldrs gSaA
M+ gekjh Hkz"Vkpkj fujks/kh dkuwu esa dbZ cM+h [+kkfe;ka gS tks Hkz"Vkpkfj;ksa dk cpko [k dsoy ,d Hkz"Vkpkj fujks/kh ,tsalh
djrh gSA mnkgj.k ds fy, % lhchvkbZ dh Hkz"Vkpkj fujks/kh 'kk[kk] eq[; lrdZrk vk;ksx rFkk foHkkxh;
lrdZrk dks tu yksdiky esa foy; dj fn;k tk,xkA iqfyl dh Hkz"Vkpkj
?dh O;oLFkk esa] ;fn dksbZ Hkz"V O;fDr tsy esa tkrk gS rks Hkh ,slk dksbZ
vkt fujks/kh 'kk[kk rFkk jkT; ds lrdZrk foHkkx dks tu yksdk;qDr esa feyk fn;k
izko/kku dkuwu esa ugha gS ftlds }kjk ml O;fDr dh dkyh dekbZ ;k mlds }kjk tk,xkA 1986 esa tc dukZVd esa yksdk;qDr cuk;k x;k Fkk] rc ml le; dh
ljdkj dks igqapk, x;s uqdlku dh olwyh dh tk lds mldh laifRr tCr dh lHkh Hkz"Vkpkj fujks/kh vkSj lrdZRkk ,tsafl;ksa dk yksdk;qDr esa foy; dj fn;k
tk ldsA x;k FkkA
? ekeys esa tkap 'kq: djus ls igys vFkok Hkz"Vkpkj dk ekeyk dksVZ esa
fdlh orZeku esa 18 jkT;ksa esa yksdk;qDr dh laLFkk dke dj jgh gSA ;s dsoy lykg
nk;j djus ls igys ml foHkkx ds mPp vf/kdkjh ;k ea=h ls vuqefr ysuh iM+rh lykg nsrh gSa] u rks buds ikl lalk/ku gS vkSj u gh 'kfDr;kaA tu yksdiky
gSA dbZ ekeyksa esa os [kqn izR;{k ;k vizR;{k :i ls Hkz"Vkpkj esa 'kkfey gksrs gSaA fo/ks;d ds ek/;e ls buds LFkku ij tu yksdk;qDrksa dh LFkkiuk dj nh
tk,xhA
bl izdkj yxrk gS fd Hkz"V yksxksa ds cpko ds fy, cgqr dqN gSA buds vykok
Hkh Hkz"Vkpkj fujks/kh dkuwu esa vusd [kkfe;ka gSaA tu yksdiky vf/kfu;e ds }kjk x dsoy lykgdkjh laLFkk,a ugha !
Hkz"Vkpkj fujks/kh ,tsafl;ksa vkSj dkuwu dh [kkfe;ksa dks Bhd djus dh dksf'k'k dh
xbZ gSA tu yksdiky rFkk tu yksdk;qDr lykgdkjh laLFkk,a ugha gksxhA buds ikl
fdlh Hkh ekeys esa tkap 'kq: djus vkSj eqdnek pykus dh 'kfDr gksxhA blds
tu yksdiky dh lajpuk fy, bUgsa fdlh ljdkjh ,tsalh ls vuqefr ugha ysuh gksxhA tu yksdiky rFkk
tu yksdk;qDr dks vf/kdkfj;ksa ij foHkkxh; naM yxkus dh Hkh 'kfDr gksxhA
tu yksdiky fo/ks;d dgrk gS fd dsUnzh; Lrj ij tu yksdiky vkSj gj jkT;
Lrj ij tu yksdk;qDr uke dh laLFkk cukbZ tk,xhA dsUnz ljdkj ds foHkkxksa ds
f[kykQ Hkz"Vkpkj dh f'kdk;r tu yksdiky ds ikl rFkk jkT; ljdkj ds
foHkkxksa ls lacaf/kr Hkz"Vkpkj dh f'kdk;rsa tu yksdk;qDr ds ikl dh tk,axhA Hkz"Vkpkfj;¨a ds f[kykQ tu yksdiky }kjk
tu yksdiky @ tu yksdk;qDr esa ,d v/;{k vkSj nl lnL; gkasxsA D;k dkjZokbZ dh tk,xh
d tu yksdiky rFkk tu yksdk;qDr dh Lora=rk vkt gj rjQ Hkkjh Hkz"Vkpkj gS& iapk;r d¢ dke esa] lM+d cUkkus esa] ujsxk]
feM&Ms ehy] jk'ku ls ysdj [knku¨a d¢ Bsd¨a esa] 2 th LisDVªe ?kksVkyk]
tu yksdiky rFkk tu yksdk;qDr ljdkjh fu;a=.k ls iw.kZr% eqDr gksaxsA mudh dkWeuosYFk rd] tgka ns[k¨ ogha Hkz"VkpkjA tu y¨diky fuEufyf[kr izko/kkuksa
Lora=rk fuEu mik;ksa }kjk lqfuf'pr dh tk,xh % ds ek/;e ls ;g lqfuf'pr djsxk fd gj Hkz"Vkpkjh d¨ fuf'pr :i ls lt+k
feysA
? iz'kklfud Lora=rk & ;s dsanzh; fuokZpu vk;ksx (CEC)] Hkkjr ds fu;a=d
d- tkap dh fuf'pr le;kof/k
,oa egkys[kkijh{kd (CAG) ,oa loksZPp U;k;y; dh rjg Lora= bdkbZ
gksaxsA vr% dksbZ Hkh jktusrk ;k ukSdj'kkg muds dk;ksZa esa n[ky ugha ns ldsxkA Hkz"Vkpkj d¢ fdlh Hkh ekeys esa tkap dk dke ,d lky esa iwjk djuk gksxkA ;g
3 4

5. lqfuf'pr djus ds fy, dh le; vof/k esa tkap [kre gks& t+:jr iM+us ij tu izLrko gSA
y¨diky ;k tu y¨dk;qDr vkSj vQlj¨a dh HkrÊ dj lda¢xsA tkap ds ckn fuEu
nks dkjZokbZ dh tk,xh& M+- voS/k :i ls izkIr gq, ykHk dks Hkz"Vkpkj ds ek/;e ls vftZr fd;k gqvk ekuk
tk,xk
? Hkz"V vQljksa dks ukSdjh ls gVkuk& tkap ds ckn] ;fn i;kZIr lcwr ik;s tkrs ekStwnk O;oLFkk esa] ;fn voS/k :i ls ljdkj ls dksbZ ykHk izkIr djrk gS rks ;g
gSa rks tu yksdiky ;k tu yksdk;qDr ds ikl Hkz"V vQljksa dks gVkus ;k muds lkfcr djuk cgqr eqf'dy gksrk gS fd mlus bls fj'or nsdj izkIr fd;k gSA
f[k+ykQ+ vU; fdlh foHkkxh; n.M tSls inkoufr] inksUufr ij jksd] yxkus dk blfy,] tu yksdiky fcy ;g dgrk gS fd ;fn dksbZ O;fDr fdlh fu;e ;k
vf/kdkj gksxkA bu vkns'kksa dks mPp U;k;ky; esa pqukSrh nh tk ldsxhA dk;ns&dkuwu dk mYya?ku djds dksbZ ljdkjh ykHk izkIr djsxk gS rks ml
O;fDr ds lkFk&lkFk lacaf/kr vf/kdkjh Hkh Hkz"Vkpkj dk nks"kh eku fy;k tk,xkA
? tus dh dkjZokbZ& tkap dh ÁfØ;k iwjh g¨ tkus ij tu y¨diky ;k
tsy Hks
tu y¨dk;qDr vnkyr esa d¢l nkf[ky djsaxsA dksVZ dks ,d lky ds Hkhrj p- vkns'kksa ds u ekuus ij lt+k dk vf/kdkj
lquokbZ iwjh djds lt+k lqukuh gksxhA le; ij Vªk;y lqfuf'pr djus ds fy, tu yksdiky ;k tu yksdk;qDr ds vkns'kksa ds u ekuus ij mls vkfFkZd naM
tu yksdiky ;k tu yksdk;qDr vfrfjDr dksVZ LFkkfir djus ds fy, ljdkj yxkus dk vf/kdkj gksxk vkSj lkFk gh nks"kh vf/kdkjh ds f[kykQ voekuuk dh
dks funsZ'k ns ldsaxsA dkjZokgh 'kq: dh tk,xhA
[k- ljdkj d¨ gq, uqdlku dh olwyh
tu y¨diky vke vkneh d¨ fj'or[k¨jh ls
tkap ds nkSjku ;fn iq[rk lcwr gksa rks tuyksdiky vkjksih dh laifRr ds dSls jkgr fnyk;sxk
gLrkarj.k ij jksd yxk ldrk gSA ;g jksd vkjksih ls ykHk ikus okys yksxksa dh
laifRr;ksa ij Hkh yx ldrh gSA QSlyk lqukrs oDr dksVZ Hkz"Vkpkj ls ljdkj dks vkt ,d vke vkneh d¨ fdlh Hkh ljdkjh n¶rj esa viuk dke djkus d¢ fy;s
gq, uqdlku dk vkadyu djsxhA bl uqdlku dh olwyh bu laifRr;ksa }kjk dh fj'or nsuh iM+rh gS& tSls jk'ku dkMZ ;k ikliksVZ cukus esa] vk;dj fjVuZ ;k
tk,xh ( dkuwu esa Hkz"Vkpkfj;ksa }kjk yh xbZ fj'or ;k ljdkj dks gq,
ekStwnk isa'ku ysus esaA tu y¨diky v©j tu yksdk;qDr vke vkneh dks ,sls j¨tejkZ d¢
uqdlku dh olwyh dk dksbZ izko/kku ugha gS A Hkz"Vkpkj ls jkgr fnyk;sxkA
? lHkh ljdkjh foHkkxksa dks ,d ukxfjd pkVZj (i= rS;kj djuk gksxk]
?kks"k.kk
x- laifRr;ksa dh dqdÊ (
t+Cr djuk
ftlesa ;g fy[kk gksxk fd dkSu lk vf/kdkjh turk dk dkSu lk dke fdrus
lHkh vQlj¨a] usrkv¨a v©j tt¨a d¨ gj lky vius v©j vius ifjokj d¢ py ,oa fnu esa iwjk djsxkA tSls& dkSu lk vQlj jk'ku dkMZ cuk;sxk] dkSu lk vQlj
vpy laifRr;¨a dk fooj.k tek djuk g¨xk ftls ljdkjh osclkÃV ij Mkyk ikliksVZ cuk;sxk vkSj budks cukus esa fdruk oDr yxsxkA
tk;sxkA bld¢ ckn ;fn d¨Ã v?kksf"kr laifRr ikà tkrh gS r¨ ;g eku fy;k ? ikyu ugha fd;k tkrk] rks dksbZ Hkh O;fDr mlds f[k+ykQ ml
vxj pkVZj dk
tk;sxk fd bls Hkz"Vkpkj ls gkfly fd;k x;k gS vkSj bldh dqdhZ dh tk,xhA foHkkx ds eqf[k;k ds ikl f'kdk;r dj ldsxkA foHkkx dk eqf[k;k tu f'kdk;r
vkjksih ds f[kykQ eqdnesa dh dk;Zokgh 'kq: dh tk,xhA vf/kdkjh ¼ihthv¨ ds :i esa dk;Z djsxkA
,sls gh] gj pquko d¢ ckn Hkh tu y¨diky@yksdk;qDr ÁR;sd ÁR;k'kh }kjk
?k¨f"kr laifRr;¨a dh tkap djsxkA ;fn dksbZ v?k¨f"kr laifRr ikbZ tkrh gS rks ihthvks dks f'kdk;r dk fuiVkjk vf/kdre 30 fnuksa esa djuk gksxkA
?
ekeyk ntZ fd;k tk;sxk rFkk tkap 'kq: dh tk,xhA ? vxj f'kdk;rdrkZ ihthvks ds dke ls larq"V ugha gksrk gS] rks og bldh
?k- Hkz"Vkpkj ds fy, dBksj lt+k f'kdk;r lh/ks lrdZrk vf/kdkjh ;kfu foftysal vQlj] ls dj ldrk gSA tu
yksdiky ds ikl gj ftys esa ,d lrdZrk vf/kdkjh vkSj yksdk;qDr ds ikl gj
orZeku esa] Hkz"Vkpkj ds fy, de ls de N% eghus vkSj vf/kd ls vf/kd lkr iz[kaM ;kfu CykWd esa ,d lrdZrk vf/kdkjh gksxkA
lky dh lt+k gksrh gS] tks ekuk tkrk gS fd cgqr de gSA tu yksdiky dkuwu esa
bls c<+kdj de ls de ,d lky vkSkj vf/kdre vkthou dkjkokl djus dk ? a esa ;g eku fy;k tk,xk fd buesa fj'or[kksjh dk ekeyk
,slh f'kdk;rks
5 6

6. curk gSA tu yksdiky vkSj tu yksdk;qDr laLFkkvksa ds vanj
? dks&
lrdZrk vf/kdkjh Hkz"Vkpkj jksdus ds fy, D;k fd;k tk,xk
o 30 fnuksa ds Hkhrj f'kdk;rdrkZ dk dke djokuk gksxkA 1- ;g lqfuf'pr fd;k tk,xk fd bl dke ds fy, lgh yksxksa dk p;u gksA
o nks"kh vf/kdkfj;ksa ij tqekZuk yxkuk gksxk] tks f'kdk;rdrkZ dks eqvkot+s blds fy, tu yksdiky @ yksdk;qDr ds v/;{k o lnL;ksa dh p;u izfd;k
ds :i esa feysxkA
dks ikjn'khZ ,oa O;kid vk/kkj okyk cuk;k x;k gS] ftlesa yksxksa dh iwjh
o n¨"kh vf/kdkjh d¢ f[+kykQ Hkz"Vkpkj dh dk;Zokgh 'kq# dh tk;sxhA Hkkxhnkjh gSA
? lrdZrk foHkkx dh dk;Zokgh ls larq"V ugha gksrk gS rks og
;fn dksbZ ukxfjd ? yksdiky ds nl lnL;ksa vkSj vè;{k ds p;u ds fy, ,d p;u
tu
tu yksdiky ;k tu yksdk;qDr ds eq[; lrdZrk vf/kdkjh ;kfu phQ foftyasl
vQlj ( - ds ikl vihy dj ldsxkA
lh-oh-vks
lfefr cukbZ tk,xhA bl lfefr esa iz/kkuea=h] yksdlHkk esa foi{k ds usrk]
nks lcls de mez ds lqizhe dksVZ ds tt] nks lcls de mez ds gkbZ dksVZ ds
? vf/kdkjh ds f[kykQ yxs vkfFkZd ;k foHkkxh; naM ds fo:)
fdlh foHkkx ds eq[; U;k;k/kh'k] Hkkjr d¢ fu;a=d ,oa egkys[kk ijh{kd ¼lh,th½ ,oa] eq[;
mPp U;k;ky; esa vihy dh tk ldsxhA fuokZpu vk;qDr ¼lhbZlh½ gksaxsA p;u lfefr ;ksX; yksxksa dk p;u ml
lwph ls djsxh] tks mls ^lpZ desVh* }kjk eqgS;k djkbZ tk,xhA
? gS fd tc fdlh foHkkx ds izeq[k ds Åij dqN tqekZus
gekjk ekuuk
yxk, tk,axs] rks og mfpr O;oLFkk ykxw djsxk vkSj ;g lqfuf'pr djsxk ? desVh^^ esa nl lnL; gksaxs] ftldk xBu bl rjg gksxk%& lcls
^^lpZ
fd Hkfo"; esa ,slh f'kdk;rsa u vk;sA
igys iwoZ@fjVk;MZ lhbZlh vkSj iwoZ lh,th esa ls ikap lnL; pqus tk,axsA
tu yksdiky@yksdk;qDr ds rgr ukxfjd vf/kdkj i= ( ?kks"k.kk
ukxfjd buesa oks iwoZ lhbZlh vkSj iwoZ lh,th 'kkfey ugha gksaxs] tks nkx+h gksa ;k fdlh
i= ;k flfVt+u pkVZj ds mYya?ku ls lacaf/kr tu f'kdk;rksa dk fuokj.k jktuhfrd ikVhZ ls tqM+ gq, gksa ;k vc Hkh fdlh ljdkjh lsok esa dk;Zjr
dSls fd;k tk,xk gksaA ;s ikap lnL; vc ckd+h ikap lnL;ksa dk p;u ns'k ds lEekfur yksxksa
¶yks&pkVZ esa ls djsaxs] vkSj bl rjg nl yksxksa dh lpZ desVh cusxhA
Ukkxfjd flfVt+u
?desVh ns'k ds fofHkUu lEEkkfur yksxksa] tSls laikndksa dqyifr;ksa] ;k
lpZ
;fn dk;Z larks"ktud :i ls ukxfjd tu ;fn f'kdk;r dk
pkVZj ds vuqlkj fuf'pr le;kof/k esa iwjk f'kdk;r vf/kdkjh fuiVkjk 30 fnu esa
ftudks oks Bhd le>sa& muls lq>ko ekaxsxhA bu yksxksa ds lq>k;s x;s uke
lacaf/kr vf/kdkjh ugha fd;k tkrk gS rks---- ( - dks
ih-th-vks ugha gksrk tkrkA
osclkbV ij Mkys tk,axs] ftu ij turk dh jk; yh tk,xhA blds ckn
dks dk;Z djkus ds f'kdk;r djsxkA lpZ desVh dh ehfVax gksxh ftlesa vke jk; ls fjDr inksa ls frxquh la[;k
fy, laidZ djsxkA esa mEehnokjksa dks pquk tk,xkA ;g lwph p;u lfefr dks Hksth tk,xh] tks
lrdZrk vf/kdkjh lnL;ksa dk p;u djsxhA
Ukkxfjd tu yksdiky@tu ;fn ihfM+r
f'kdk;r izkIr gksus ds
yksdk;qDr ds lrdZrk
vf/kdkjh dks f'kdk;r 30 fnu ds Hkhrj nks"kh O;fDr vc Hkh eq[; ?desVh vkSj p;u lfefr dh lHkh cSBdksa dh ohfM;ks fjdkWfMZax gksxh]
lpZ
djsxhA vf/kdkjh ij tqekZuk vlarq"V gksA lrdZrk ftls lkoZtfud fd;k tk,xkA
yxk,xk tks mls vf/kdkjh
yksdiky ihfM+r O;fDr dks dks ? ckn tu y¨diky v©j tu y¨dk;qDr vIkus dk;kZy; d¢
bld¢
gtkZus ds :i esa nsuh vihyA vf/kdkfj;¨a dk p;u djsaxs v©j mUgsa fu;qDr djsaxsA
gksxhA og ml ij
Hkz"Vkpkj dh dk;Zokgh 2- ;g lqfuf'pr fd;k tk,xk fd ;s y¨x Bhd ls dke djsaA
Hkh 'kq: djsxkA
?y¨diky ;k tu y¨dk;qDr d¨ gj f'kdk;r ij dkjZokbZ djuh gksxhA
tu
7 8

7. lquokbZ fd, fcuk fdlh Hkh f'kdk;r dks [kkfjt ugha fd;k tk,xkA ;fn II) tu yksdiky ;k tu yksdk;qDr ds v/;{k ;k lnL;ksa dk gVk;k
fdlh Hkh ekeys dks can fd;k tkrk gS rks ,slk djus ds ckn mlls tqM+s t k u k
reke nLrkost+¨a d¨ lkoZtfud fd;k tk,xkA tu yksdiky ;k tu yksdk;qDr ds vè;{k o lnL;ksa ds f[k+ykQ dksbZ Hkh
vkneh mPpre U;k;ky; ;k ml jkT; d¢ mPp U;k;ky; esa f'kdk;r dj
? diky v©j tu yksdk;qDr dk dkedkt iwjh rjg ikjn'khZ gksxkA
tu yks ldrk gSA U;k;ky; dh ,d csap d¢ lquokà d¢ ckn fo'ks"k tkap Vhe d¢
ftu nLrkost+¨a ls jk"Vªh; lqj{kk izHkkfor gksrh gks ;k ftuls Hkz"Vkpkj ds xBu dk vkns'k ns tk ldrs gaSA bl Vhe dks rhu eghus esa tkap iwjh djuh
f[k+ykQ vkokt mBkus okyksa dks [krjk igqaprk gks] mu nLrkost+¨a dks gksxhA tkap ds vk/kkj ij U;k;ky; tu yksdiky ;k tu yksdk;qDr ds
NksM+dj lHkh fjdkWM~lZ ;k nLrkost+ lkoZtfud fd, tk,axsA ftu vè;{k ;k lnL;ksa dks gVkus dk vkns'k ns ldrh gSA
nLrkost+ksa ls tkap dh izfdz;k esa ck/kk igqaprh gS mUgsa] tkap ds nkSjku jksdk
tk ldrk gS ysfdu] tkap ds ckn mUgsa Hkh lkoZtfud dj fn;k tk,xkA tu y¨diky dk vf/kdkj {ks=
?ekeys vk;s] fdrus lqy>k, x,] fdrus can dj fn, x,] D;ksa can dj
fdrus d lo¨ZPp U;k;ky; rFkk mPp U;k;ky; d¢ U;k;k/kh'k
fn, x,] fdrus yafcr gSa vkfn dk iwjk ys[kk&tks[kk gj eghus osclkbV ij
izdkf'kr fd;k tk;sxkA I½ lo¨ZPp U;k;ky; ;k mPp U;k;ky; d¢ fdlh U;k;k/kh'k d¨ gVkus dh
dk;Zokgh
3- ;g lqfuf'pr fd;k tk,xk fd tu yksdiky ;k tu yksdk;qDr fdlh ls
izHkkfor u gksaA orZeku O;oLFkk & fdlh U;k;k/kh'k d¨ xyr vkpj.k d¢ ekeys esa
tu yksdiky ;k tu yksdk;qDr ds vè;{k ;k lnL;ksa dk dk;Zdky [kRe gksus ds lafo/kkfud fyf[kr ÁfØ;k d¢ vuqlkj egkfHk;¨x yxk dj gVk;k tk
ldrk gSA
ckn o¨ fdlh Hkh ljdkjh in d¨ Xkzg.k ugh dj ld¢axs v©j u gh d¨Ã pquko yM+
tu yksdiky dkuwu }kjk ÁLrkfor O;oLFkk& tu y¨diky fo/ks;d
ld¢axsA esa bl O¸koLFkk d¨ cnyus dk d¨Ã ÁLrko ugha gSA
4- ;g lqfuf'pr fd;k tk,xk fd vxj os Bhd ls dke ugha djsaxs rks gVk fn,
II½ lo¨ZPp U;k;ky; rFkk mPp U;k;ky; d¢ U;k;k/kh'k¨a d¢ fo#) Hkz"Vkpkj d¢
tk,axsA ekey¨a dh tkap orZeku O;oLFkk & vkt] ;fn fdlh lo¨ZPp U;k;ky; ;k
mPp U;k;ky; d¢ U;k;k/kh'k d¢ f[kykQ Hkz"Vkpkj dk vkj¨i g¨ rks Hkkjr
I) tu Ykksdiky ;k tu yksdk;qDr ds Hkz"V deZpkfj;ksa dks gVk;k d¢ eq[; U;k;k/kh'k dh vuqefr ds fcuk u rks mlds f[kykQ ¼,Q- vkbZ-
tkuk vkj-½ ntZ djkbZ tk ldrh gS vkSj u gh tkap 'kqa: dh tk ldrh gSA ,slk
deZpkfj;ksa ds Hkz"Vkpkj ds f[kykQ f'kdk;r ,d Lora= eap ij dh ns[kus esa vk;k gS fd fdlh U;k;k/kh'k ds f[kykQ Hkz"Vkpkj ds i;kZIr lcwrksa
t k ds is'k fd;s tkus ds ckotwn eq[; U;k;k/kh'k ¼,Q- vkbZ- vkj-½ ntZ djus
ldsxh tks izR;sd vk;qDr ;k izR;sd jkT; ,oa jk"Vªh; Lrj dk vkns'k nsus ls fgpfdpkrs gSaA
( Lrj dfe'ujsV Lrj ij ij xfBr gksxkA bu f'kdk;rksa
eaMyh; ,sls Hkh eq[; U;k;k/kh'k tks viuh bZekunkjh ds fy, tkus tkrs gSa] mUgksaus
ij ,d eghus ds vanj tkap djuh gksxhA ;fn vkjksi lkfcr gksrs gSa rd ¼,Q- vkbZ- vkj-½ ntZ djkus dh vuqefr ugha nhA tSls] Jh ih fpnacju
rks Hkz"V deZpkjh dks vxys ,d eghus ds vanj ukSdjh ls fudky us dydRrk mPp U;k;ky; ds U;k;k/kh'k lsu xqIrk ds f[kykQ ¼,Q- vkbZ-
fn;k tk,xk vkSj mlds f[kykQ Hkkjrh; n.M lafgrk ,oa Hkz"Vkpkj vkj-½ ntZ djkus dh vuqefr ekaxh FkhA ;g vuqefr ml le; Hkkjr ds
fuokj.k vf/kfu;e d¢ fofHkUu izko/kkuksa ds rgr Q©tnkjh dk eqdnek nk;j eq[; U;k;k/kh'k oSadVpyS;k ls ekaxh xbZ Fkh tks viuh lR;fu"Bk ds fy,
fd;k tk;sxkA tkus tkrs gSa] fQj Hkh U;k;k/kh'k oSadVpyS;k us vuqefr ugha nhA U;k;k/kh'k
lsu xqIrk ds f[kykQ lcwrksa ds etcwr gksus dk vanktk blh ckr ls yxk;k
9 10

8. tk ldrk gS fd muds fjVk;jeasV ;k lsokfuo`Rr gksrs gh Nkik iM+k vkSj III½ tu yksdiky fcy ds nk;js esa mPp U;k;ikfydk dks 'kkfey
mUgsa fgjklr esa ys fy;k x;k D;ksafd fjVk;jeasV ;k lsokfuo`fRr ds ckn djus
Hkkjr ds eq[; U;k;k/kh'k ls vuqefr dh t+:jr ugha gksrhA ij dqN nksLrksa dh vkifRr;ka %
,sls <sjksa ekeysa gS tgka ÁkFkfedh ¼,Q- vkbZ- vkj-½ ntZ djkus dh vuqefr Bqdjk
tu yksdiky izLrko dh vkykspuk tu yksdiky dh izfrfdz;k
nh xbZA ,sls dqN ekeys uhps fn;s x;s gSA
;g U;k;ikfydk dh Lora=rk dks dSls
bykgkckn gkbZ dksVZ ds tt tfLVl HkYyk ds f[kykQ ,Q-vkbZ-vkj- ntZ ;g U;k;ikfydk dh Lora=rk dks izHkkfor djsxk ge U;k; O;oLFkk dk
izHkkfor djsxkA cgqr lEeku djrs gSa vkSj pkgrs gS fd
djkus dh ekax lu~ 2006 ls yafcr gSA ;g ekax ^^dSEiSu vkWu T;qfMf'k;y
og Lora=r jgsA mPp U;k;ikfydk ds
vdkmaVfcfyVh** }kjk mBkbZ xbZ Fkh ftlds izfrfuf/k 'kkafr Hkw"k.k] Á'kkar T;knkrj U;k;k/kh'k bZekunkj gSa ijarq ]
Hkw"k.k] jke tsBeykuh] U;k;ewÆr jktsUæ lPpj] bfUnjk t;flag] vjfoan dqN yksxksa }kjk fd;s x;s xyr dkeksa dh
fuxe vkfn gSaA tfLVl ,Q- vkbZ- fjcSsyks ds f[kykQ ,Q- vkbZ- vkj- ntZ otg ls iwjh U;k;ikfydk dk uke
djkus dh blh lewg dh eakx Hkh flrEcj 2010 ls T;ksa dh R;ksa iM+h gqbZ gSA cnuke gks x;h gSA ,sls Hkz"V yksxksa dh
igpku gksuh pkfg, vkSj muds f[kykQ
blfy, loksZPp U;k;ky; vkSj mPp U;k;ky;ksa ds U;k;k/kh'kksa ds f[kykQ dk;Zokgh gksuh pkfg,A tu yksdiky dh
,Q-vkbZ-vkj- ntZ djkus ds fy, Hkkjr ds eq[; U;k;k/kh'k ls vuqefr O;oLFkk tks bls izHkko'kkyh rjhds ls dj
ik,xhA rc U;k;ikfydk dh Lora=rk
ekaxus okyh ekStwnk O;oLFkk mPp U;kf;d iz.kkyh esa Hkz"Vkpkj dks c<+kok dks etcwrh feysxh vkSj yksxksa dh ut+jksa
nsus okyh rFkk Hkz"Vkpkfj;ksa dks lqj{kk iznku djus okyh ekywe gksrh gSA esa mldh fo'oluh;rk vkSj Hkh c<+sxhA
ekStwnk O;oLFkk esa Hkz"Vkpkfj;ksa dks 'kj.k
ÁLrkfor O;oLFkk % ,slh xyrQgeh QSykbZ tk jgh gS fd U;k;ikfydk dks fey jgh gSA blfy, ekStwnk O;oLFkk esa
tu yksdiky ds fu;a=.k esa yk;k tk jgk gSA ;g fcYdqy xyr /kkj.kk gSA yksxksa ds tgu esa U;k;ikfydk dh Nfo
vkSj fo'oluh;rk dks de dj jgh gS
tu yksdiky ds rgr izLrkfor fd;k x;k gS fd fdlh Hkh U;k;k/kh'k ds vkSj lkFk gh viuh Lora=rk ds lkFk
Hkz"Vkpkj ds f[kykQ ,Q- vkbZ- vkj- ntZ djkus dh vuqefr Hkkjr ds eq[; le>kSrk Hkh dj jgh gSA
U;k;k/kh'k ds ctk; lkr lnL;ksa okyh tu yksdiky dh ,d ihB nsxh Tku yksdiky vf/kfu;e ,d ,slh
( esa U;kf;d izfdz;k ls tqM+s lnL;ksa dh la[;k cgqer esa gks ldrh
bl ihB O;oLFkk cuk,xk tks ;g lqfuf'pr djsxk
fd tt ds f[kykQ izkFkfedh vkSj
gS ekStwnk O;oLFkk vkSj tu yksdiky fcy esa izLrkfor O;oLFkk esa cl eqdnek ntZ djus dh izfdz;k Lora= gksA
bruk gh okLrfod QdZ gSA
blls tu yksdiky ij dke dk cks> gekjs ns'k esa 1000 ls Hkh de loksZPp
,Q- vkbZ- vkj- ntZ gksus ds ckn vxj dksbZ ekeyk curk gS rks ekStwnk cgqr gh c<+ tk,xkA U;k;ky; vkSj mPp U;k;ky; ds U;k;k/kh'k
O;oLFkk ds rgr iqfyl ;k lhchvkbZ ekeys dh tkap djrh gS vkSj eqdnek gSaA U;k;k/kh'k ,l-ih- Hk:pk us ,d ckj
pykrh gS A pawfd gekjk izLrko gS fd lhchvkbZ dh Hkz"Vkpkj fujks/kh 'kk[kk dgk Fkk fd mPp U;k;ikfydk esa 20
Qhlnh ls Hkh de Hkz"Vkpkjh gSaA tkfgj gS
dk tu yksdiky esa foy; dj fn;k tk, blfy, tkfgj gS fd ,Q- vkbZ- fd mu lHkh ds f[kykQ ,d gh le; ij
vkj- ntZ gksus ds ckn tkap ,oa eqdnek nk;j djuk yksdiky dh tkap ,oa f'kdk;rsa ugha vk;saxhA ysfdu vxj lHkh
eqdnesa ds fy, cuh ubZ 'kk[kk djsxhA f'kdk;rsa ,d lkFk vk Hkh tkrh gSa rks Hkh
f'kdk;rsa 200 ls rks de gh gksaxhA ;g cgqr
tkap ds iwjk gksus ds ckn tu yksdiky dh iwjh ihB ;g r; djsxh fd gh NksVh la[;k gS vkSj blls fdlh Hkh
eqdnek dksVZ esa nk;j fd;k tk, ;k ughaA tu yksdiky ds ikl ek;us ls tu yksdiky ij dke dk cks>
U;k;k/kh'k dks nafMr djus ;k mUgsa c[kkZLr djus dh dksbZ 'kfDr ugha ugha c<+sxkA
gksxhA U;k;ky; gh ekeys esa lquokbZ djds lt+k lquk,axsA dqy feyk ds
11 12

9. U;kf;d ekeysa dkQh isfpns isphnk gksrs tu yksdiky dks U;kf;d ekeyksa esa viuh tokcnsgh r; djsxhA fn[kkus ek=]
gSaA blfy, U;k;k/kh'kksa ds f[kykQ vkus gLr{ksi djus ;k fdlh Hkh U;kf;d blesa dqN dk;Zdkfj;ksa dks 'kkfey dj
fy;k x;k gSA U;k;ikfydk fuxjkuh
okyh f'kdk;rksa dks U;k;ikfydk ls tqM+s izfdz;k ;k QSlykas ij loky djus dk
lfefr tks U;k;k/kh'kksa ds f[kykQ
O;fDr }kjk gh ns[kk tkuk pkfg,A vf/kdkj ugha gksxkA tu yksdiky dks f'kdk;rsa ntZ djsxh] mlesa Hkkjr ds iwoZ
U;k;k/kh'kksa ds is'ksxr O;ogkj @ eq[; U;k;k/kh'k] loksZPp U;k;y; ds ,d
nqjZO;ogkj esa >kadus dh 'kfDr ugha gSA orZeku U;k;k/kh'k] mPp U;k;ky; ds ,d
tu yksdiky flQZ fdlh Hkh U;k;k/kh'k orZeku U;k;k/kh'k] vVkWuhZ tujy vkSj
ds f[kykQ fj'or ysus ds vkjksiksa ds fy, jk"Vªifr ds }kjk euksuhr ,d lEekfur
ÁkFkfedh ¼,Q- vkbZ- vkj-½ ntZ djkus dh O;fDr dks 'kkfey fd;k tk,xkA bldk
vuqefr ns ldsxkA fj'or ysuk vkSj nsuk eryc gS fd blesa U;k;ikfydk ls rhu
nksuksa gh n.Muh; vijk/k gSA blesa dksbZ yksx] ftuesa ekStwnk nks U;k;k/kh'k vkSj nks
yksx dk;Zdkfj.kh ls 'kkfey gksaxsA bu ikap
rduhdh i{k 'kkfey ugha gSA vxj bl lnL;ksa esa ls rhu insu (Ex-Officio)
rdZ dks Lohdkj fd;k tk, rks fQj lnL; gksaxs tks vius dke ds lkFk dkQh
vk;dj foHkkx ls tqM+s yksx Hkh dgsaxs fd O;Lr gksaxsA blfy, os f'kdk;rksa ds ns[kus
vk;dj ,d cgqr isfpnk isphnk ekeyk gS ds fy;s t:jr ds eqrkfcd le; eqf'dy
vkSj bl foHkkx ds vQljksa ds f[kykQ ls fudky ik;saxsA ;gh otg gS fd
Hkz"Vkpkj ds ekeyksa dks mUgha yksxksa dks fuxjkuh lfefr u rks ljdkj ls Lora=
ns[kuk pkfg, tks vk;dj ls tqM gksaA gksxh vkSj u gh U;k;ikfydk lsA blds
usrkvksa] lhek 'kqYd vf/kdkfj;ksa vkSj vykok ;g s U;k;k/kh'kksa ds f[kykQ,d
cM+k cqjk izko/kku bl fcy esa fn;k x;k gS
yksd'kkgh ds nwljs foHkkxksa dh Hkh ekaxsa
fd f'kdk;r dks ,d leh{kk lfefr dks
blh rjg dh gksaxhA Hkstk tk,xk] ftlesa mlh U;k;ky; ds nks
orZeku U;k;k/kh'k vkSj ,d lsokfuo`Ùk
ysfdu] gekjs lafo/kku esa U;k;/kh'kksa ds tu yksdiky dkuwu lafo/kku esa la'kks/ku U;k;k/kh'k 'kkfey gksaxsA blls leh{kk
egkfHk;ksx dh izfdz;k igys ls gh nh gqbZ dh ckr ugha dg jgk gSA ge lafo/kku esa lfefr ds fy, ;g yxHkx ukeqefdu gks
gSA D;k vki lafo/kku esa dksbZ la'kks/ku dh ekStwn U;k;k/kh'kksa ds egkfHk;ksx ls tqM+s tk,xk fd ,sls O;fDr ds f[kykQ viuh
lykg ns jgsa gSa izko/kkuksa dks tu yksdiky dkuwu Nw rd fu"i{k fjiksVZ nsa] tks mlh U;k;ky; esa
ugha jgk gSA egkfHk;ksx dh ckr gh ugh gks mudk lkFkh gSA
jgh gSaA flQZ bruk dgk tk jgk gSa fd blds vykok T;qfMf'k;y vdkmaVfcfyVh
U;k;k/kh'kksa ds f[kykQ ÁkFkfedh ¼,Q- fcy U;k;k/kh'kksa dh vksj ls yh tkus okyh
vkbZ- vkj-½ ntZ djkus dh vuqefr eq[; fj'or ds ckjs esa ckr ugha djrkA ;g flQZ
U;k;k/kh'k ds ctk; tu yksdiky dh is'ks ls tqM+h gqbZ xyr vkpj.k dh ckr
lkr lnL;ksa okyh ihB dks ns nh tk,A djrk gSA tu yksdiky vkijkf/kd
O;ogkj dh ckr djrk gSA blfy, ;g
ljdkj dh rjQ ls is'k fd;s x;s nqHkkZX;o'k] ljdkj }kjk is'k fd;s x;s nksuksa ,d nwljs ds fy, iwjd gSA
T;qfMf'k;y vdkmaVfcfyVh fcy dk D;k T;qfMf'k;y LVSaMM~Zl ,aM vdkmaVfcfyVh U;k;ikfydk dh fuxjkuh lfefr ds ikl
gksxk fcy bl ckr dk Hkjkslk ugha fnykrk fd iqfyl vkSj tkap djus dh 'kfDr rFkk
blls U;k;ikfydk fdlh Hkh izdkj ls fj'or ysus dh vkijkf/kd f'kdk;rksa ls
tokcnsg cu ik,xhA bl fcy ls ,slk fuiVus ds fy, dksbZ ra= ugha gSA ;g dke
eglwl gksrk gS fd U;k;ikfydk Lo;a gh dsoy tu yksdiky dj ldrk gSA
13 14

10. [k fuokZfpr jktusrk ( h rFkk ea=h lesr %
Á/kkuea=
tu yksdiky ds lnL;ksa ds f[kykQ fdlh Hkh yksdra= esa bl izdkj dk pdz
f'kdk;rsa loksZPp U;k;ky; esa tk,axh vkSj mPp Lrjksa ij vkarfjd tkap vkSj larqyu ;fn d¨Ã jktusrk Hkz"Vkpkj esa fyIr ik;k tkrk gS r¨ tu y¨diky ;k tu
loksZPp U;k;ky; ds U;k;/kh'kksa dh dk ,d fgLlk gSA mnkgj.k ds fy,] yksdk;qDr mld¢ f[kykQ turk fd fdlh f'kdk;r ;k [kqn ls tkap 'kq: dj
f'kdk;r tu yksdiky ds iklA D;k loksZPp U;k;ky; fo/kkf;dk vkSj ldrk gSA tkap iwjh g¨us d¢ ckn ;fn dksbZ ekeyk curk gS r¨ tu y¨diky
blls ,d fdLe dk pdz curk fn[kkbZ dk;Zikfydk ij ut+j j[krh gS vkSj
ugha nsrk
;k tu yksdk;qDr U;k;ky; esa eq+dnek ntZ djsxkA U;k;ky; d¨ mldh
fo/kkf;dk ds ikl U;kf;d ekeyksa ds fy,
lquokà vkSj vkns'k ,d lky dh vof/k ds Hkhrj iwjs djus gksaxsA
dkuwu cukus dh 'kfDr;ka gSA
vxj loksZPp U;k;ky; ds U;k;k/kh'k vkSj eq[;ea=h vkSj Á/kkuea=h lesr lHkh eaf=;ksa d¢ ekeys esa fdlh Hkh tkap ;k
tu yksdiky ds lnL;kas ds f[kykQ ,d eqdnes dks 'kq: djus dh vuqefr tu y¨diky ;k tu yksdk;qDr dh iw.kZ
gh le; ij dksbZ f'kdk;r gksrh gS rks ihB ¼X;kjg lnL;h;½ dks nsuh gksxhA
tkfgj lh ckr gS fd vkjksih U;k;k/kh'k ;k
vkjksih lnL; s ihB ls ckgj gks tk,xk A Á/kkuea=h dks NksM+ dj vU; eaf=;ksa ds laca/k esa ;fn dksbZ ekeyk curk gS r¨
vxj dHkh Hkh ,slk ekSdk vkrk gS rks nksuksa tu y¨diky ;k tu yksdk;qDr dh ihB] jkT;iky ;k jk"Vªifr d¨ ,sls
laLFkk ds dk;Zokgh esa ikjnf'kZrk dh otg ea=h d¨ gVkus dh flQkfj'k djsxh A
ls nq#i;ksx dh laHkkouk ij utj j[kh
tk ldsxhA nksuksa txgksa dh lquokbZ dks x u©dj'kkg
turk ,oa ehfM;k ds fy, [kqyk j[kk
tk,xkA
tu y¨diky ;k rks [kqn ls ;k fdlh f'kdk;r ij fdlh Hkh u©dj'kkg d¢
f[kykQ tkap dh 'kq:vkr dj ldrk gSA tkap d¢ iwjs gksus ds ckn ;fn
D;k gesa ekStwnk O;oLFkk esa Hkkjr ds eq[; ugha] gesa fdlh izdkj ds la'kks/ku dh ekeyk curk gS r¨ tu y¨diky ;k y¨dk;qDr U;k;ky; esa eqdnek ntZ dj
U;k;k/kh'k ds ctk; tu yksdiky ds lkr t:jr ugha gSAu rks gekjs lafo/kku esa ldrk gSA U;k;ky; dks 1 o"kZ ds vanj bldk QSlyk djuk gksxk
lnL;ksa okyh ihB dks vuqefr nsus ds vkSj u gh fdlh dkuwu esa ;g fy[kk gS fd
vf/kdkj ds fy, lafo/kku esa la'kks/ku dh fdlh U;k;/kh'k ds f[kykQ ,Q- vkbZ-
u©dj'kkg¨a d¢ ekeyksa esa] tkap iwjh g¨us d¢ ckn ;fn dksbZ ekeyk curk gS r¨
t:jr ugha gksxh vkj- ntZ djkus ls igys Hkkjr ds eq[; tu y¨diky ;k tu y¨dk;qDr ds ikl foHkkxh; naM ( ds iSuYVh
U;k;/kh'k ls vuqefr ysuh gksxhA ,slh lkFk&lkFk c[kkZLrxh dh flQkfj'k djus dh 'kfDr g¨xhA ,slh flQkfj'ksa
O;oLFkk loksZPp U;k;ky; dh vksj ls ohjk ljdkj ds fy, ck/;dkjh g¨xhA gkykafd] ,slh flQkfj'ksa nsus ls igys
Lokeh ds ekeys esa ,d vkns'k ds }kjk laHkkoukvksa dh iz/kkurk ds vk/kkj ij izek.kksa dh tkap dh tk,xhA ;fn
cukbZ xbZ Fkh fnypLi ckr ;g gS fd bl vkj¨ih la;qDr lfpo ;k mlls mPp in ij vklhu gS r¨ ,slk naM tu
QSlys ls igys dHkh fdlh U;k;k/kh'k ds y¨diky ;k tu y¨dk;qDr dh ihB }kjk lHkh i{kksa dh lquokbZ ds ckn
f[kykQ >wBh ÁkFkfedh ¼,Q- vkbZ- vkj-½ yxk;k tk,xkA ckfd;ksa ds fy,] ,sls naM y¨diky ;k yksdk;qDr d¢ mPp
ntZ gh ugha djkbZ xbZ vkSj ,sls esa bl vf/kdkfj;¨a dh ihB ds }kjk yxk, tk;saxsA bu vkns'kksa d¢ f[kykQ mPp
rjg dk QSlyk iwjh rjg fujFkZd FkkA U;k;ky; esa vihy dh tk ld¢xhA
15

11. tu yksdiky fcy esa ÁLrkfor O;oLFkk
js[kkfp= }kjk tu y¨diky ;k tu yksdk;qDr esa Hkz"Vkpkj d¢ fo#)
f'kdk;r¨a ds fuokj.k dk fu:i.k tu y¨diky ,d Lora=laLFkk g¨us d¢ ukrs Hkz"Vkpkj ds f[kykQ vkokt+ mBkus
okys O;fDr d¨ fdlh Hkh gkfu ls laj{k.k fnykus d¢ fy, l{ke rFkk mRrjnk;h
lacaf/kr dk;kZy; tkap dk ;fn ekeyk et+cwr g¨ r¨
g¨xk vkSj lkFk gh bu ekeyksa esa tkap rFkk eqdnesa dk vkns'k nsxh A ;fn tu
d¨Ã Hkh ukxfjd tu dks ikap fnuksa ds vkj¨ih ;k mlls laEcf/kr y¨diky d¢ vf/kdkjh Hkz"Vkpkj ds f[kykQ vkokt mBkus okys O;fDr d¨ i;kZIr
dk;Z ,d
y¨diky ;k tu vanj gLrkarfjr O;fDr d¢ laifRr d¢ laj{k.k fnykus esa ukdke;kc gksrk gS vkSj O;fDr dks okdbZ esa dksbZ gkfu igaqprh
o“kZ d¢
y¨dk;qDr d¢ fdlh Hkh gLrkarj.k ij j¨d gS]S r¨ ,sls vf/kdkjh d¢ fo#) vkijkf/kd dk;Zokgh dh tk,xh ( ikl;fn mlds
Hkhrj iwjk
dk;kZy; esa f'kdk;r dj fy;k [kqn dks csdlwj lkfcr djus ds fy, i;kZIr dkj.k ugha gS A
dj ldrk gS tk,xk
Hkz"Vkpkj ds f[kykQ vkokt+ mBkus okys O;fDr LFkkuh; lrdZrk (al foftys
;fn nks"k vf/kdkjh ;k tu yksdiky ds v/;{k ;k lnL;ksa ls lqj{kk dh ekax dj ldrk gSA
foHkkxh; dk;Zokgh yksdiky dh casp }kjk la;qDr foHkkxh;
lfpo ;k mlls mPp lkfcr
iSuYVh ds
bUgsa ekeys dh xaHkhjrk dks ns[krs gq, fuf'pr le; lhek esa dk;Zokgh djuh
vf/kdkfj;ksa dh lquokbZ rFkk gksrk gS rks lkFk&lkFk gksxhA Hkz"Vkpkj ds f[kykQ vkokt+ mBkus okys O;fDr d¢ ikl tu y¨diky d¢
yksdiky ds mPp vf/kdkfj;ksa c[kkZLrxhA lnL;ksa ls O;fDrxr rkSj ij feyus ;k ohfM;¨ dkWUÝsaflax ds }kjk ckr djus dk
}kjk vU; yksxksa dh lquokbZ vf/kdkj g¨xk ( Lo;a tu yksdiky Hkou rd tkus esa vleFkZ gSa
;fn og
Hkz"Vkpkj ds f[kykQ vkokt+ mBkus okys O;fDr dk ;fn ekufld mRihM+u gksrk gS
Tksy dh rks tu yksdiky f'kdk;rdrkZ ,d eghus d¢ vanj vko';d lqj{kk fnyk,xkA
vkijkf/kd dksVZ esa 1 lky ds vanj&
lt+k]
eqdnek pyk;k vanj dksVZ dk 'kkjhfjd gkfu dk Hk; g¨us ij] tu y¨diky Hkz"Vkpkj ds f[kykQ vkokt+ mBkus
dk;Zokgh uqdlku dh okys O;fDr dh f'kdk;r ntZ djkus ds dqN gh ?kaV¨a esa ;k vf/kd ls vf/kd ,d
tk,xk fu.kZ; HkjikbZ vkSj
;fn lIrkg d¢ Hkhrj ekeys dh xaHkhjrk dks /;ku esa j[kdj vfuok;Z lqj{kk eqgS;k
vkijkf/kd ukSdjh ls
laHkkouk,a c[kkZLrxhA djk,xk A ;fn 'kkjhfjd uqdlku igys gh g¨ pqdk gS r¨ tu y¨diky f'kdk;r
dkQh ntZ djkus ds 24 ?kaVs d¢ Hkhrj gh vkxs gksus okys fdlh vkSj uqdlku ls laj{k.k
vf/kd gSa fnyk;sxkA lkFk gh tu y¨diky iqfyl d¨ uqdlku igqapkus okyss d¢ f[kykQ
vkijkf/kd eqdnek ntZ djus dk vkns'k Hkh nsxkA
vxj Hkz"Vkpkj ds f[kykQ vkokt+ mBkus okys fdlh O;fDr d¢ f[kykQ
Hkz"Vkpkj ds f[kykQ vokt+ mBkus okyksa izkf/kdkfj;ksa }kjk d¨Ã >wBk ekeyk ntZ gqvk gks rks tu y¨diky ,sls ekeys dh
¼fOg~ly Cy¨vj½ dk laj{k.k okilh Hkh lqfuf'pr djsxkA
leL;k D;k gS >wBh vkSj Hkzfer djus okyh f'kdk;r¨a ds f[kykQ lqj{kk
;fn d¨Ã O;fDr Hkz"Vkpkj d¢ f[kykQ vkokt+ mBkrk gS r¨ ,slh d¨Ã laLFkk >wBh f'kdk;r % vxj dksbZ O;fDr fcuk fdlh vk/kkj d¢ fdlh vU; d¨ ijs'kku
ugha gS t¨ mls fo'oLkuh; rFkk ÁHkko'kkyh laj{k.k Ánku dj Lkd¢A og d¢oy djus dh ea'kk ls f'kdk;r djrk gS r¨ f'kdk;rdrkZ ij tu yksdiky dh vksj ls
iqfyl d¢ ikl tk ldrk gSA vkerkSj ij iqfyl mUgha y¨x¨a d¢ fu;a=.k esa g¨rh gS vkÆFkd naM yxk;k tk,xkA gkykafd] det+¨j lcwr¨a d¢ g¨us fd fLFkfr esa
t¨ [kqn Hkz"V gSaA felky d¢ rkSj ij] ;fn d¨Ã LFkkuh; lkaln ;k fo/kk;d y¨x¨a f'kdk;rdrkZ d¨ nafMr ugha fd;k tk,xkA
dk mRihM+u djrk gS r¨ ,sls eas iqfyl dqN ugha djrhA
17 18

12. tu y¨diky ;k yksdk;qDr d¢ v/;{k ;k fdlh lnL; d¢ f[kykQ >wBh orZeku O¸oLFkk esa] bl iwjh izfdz;k esa turk ;k f'kdk;rdrkZ dqN dg gh ugha
f'kdk;r % ;fn dksbZ f'kdk;r fcuk fdlh vk/kkj ds v/;{k ;k fdlh lnL; dks ikrsA xSj&Ãekunkj tkap d¢ ckn Hkz"V vf/kdkfj;¨a d¨ N¨M+ fn;k tkrk gSA tu
ijs'kku djus dh ea'kk ls dh tkrh gS rks lo¨ZPp U;k;ky; ;k mPp U;k;ky; ,sls y¨diky fcy d¢ rgr f'kdk;r djus okys d¨ eq[; xokg ekuk tk,xk rFkk mls
f'kdk;rdrkZ d¢ f[kykQ vkÆFkd naM yxk ldrs gaS rFkk tsy dh lt+k Hkh ns lquokà dk e©dk fn, fcuk] ekeys d¨ can ugha fd;k tk,xkA
ldrs gSaA
bl Ádkj ÁLrkfor O¸koLFkk igys ds eqdkcys dkQh fu"i{k] ikjn'kÊ rFkk
tokcnsg gSA
tu y¨diky vf/kfu;e ds ckjs esa ckj&ckj [k½ D;k tu f'kdk;rksa d¨ y¨diky dh ifjf/k esa ykuk pkfg, D;k blls
iwNs tkus okys iz'u y¨diky dk dk;ZHkkj vR;kf/kd c<+us ds dkj.k yksdiky O;oLFkk pjejk
tk,xh
d½ D;k y¨diky fujadq'k g¨ tk,xk
tu yksdiky fcy esa izLrkfor f'kdk;r fuokj.k O;oLFkk ds rgr dksbZ Hkh
,d Hkzkafr QSykà tk jgh gS fd izLrkfor tu y¨diky fujadq'k g¨ tk,xk rFkk
y¨drkaf=d laLFkkv¨a d¢ fy, [krjk cu tk,xkA ;g fcydqy xyr gSA vkb, f'kdk;r lh/ks tu yksdiky ds lnL;ksa rd ugha igqapsxhA tc fdlh foHkkx ds
ns[krs gSa fd tu y¨diky vf/kfu;e esa D;k ÁLrkfor gS & izeq[k lesr lacaf/kr vf/kdkjh fdlh ukxfjd dh f'kdk;r dk fuLrkj.k djus esa
vlQy gksaxs] rc ;s f'kdk;r tu yksdiky ds lrdZrk vf/kdkjh rd igaqpsxhA
1½ jktusrkv¨a] U;k;k/kh'k¨a rFkk u©dj'kkg d¢ f[kykQ tu y¨diky Hkz"Vkpkj ls lrdZrk vf/kdkjh f'kdk;r dk gy fudkyus ds vykok foHkkx ds izeq[k lesr
lacaf/kr ekey¨a dh tkap djsxk rFkk nks"kh ikus ij U;k;ky; esa ekeyk ntZ lacaf/kr vf/kdkfj;ksa dks nafMr Hkh djsxkA ;g mEehn gS fd ;g O;oLFkk naM ds
djsxkA lquokà ;k lt+k dk vf/kdkj d¢oy U;k;ky; d¢ ikl g¨xkA y¨diky d¢ Mj ls foHkkxksa ds izeq[k viuh O;oLFkk dks etcwr djuk 'kq: dj nsaxsA lkFk gh]
ikl lt+k nsus dh d¨Ã 'kfDr ugha g¨xhA
izR;sd foHkkx dks vius&vius ukxfjd vf/kdkj i= rS;kj djus gksaxsA os igys
2½ ij] u©dj'kkg¨a d¢ ekeys esa] ;fn tkap ds ckn vf/kdkjh dks nks"kh ik;k tkrk gS [kqn bl ckr dk vankt+k yxk,axs fd mUgsa vius ukxfjd vf/kdkj i= esa D;k
rks tu yksdiky ds ikl foHkkxh; naM nsus lesr c[kkZLr djus dh 'kfDr g¨xhA j[kuk gS ftlls os viuh izfrc)rk dks iq[rk dj ldsaA gkykafd] ;g ekuk tk
la;qDr lfpo vkSj mlls Åij ds vf/kdkfj;ksa ds ekeys esa lHkh lacaf/kr i{kksa dh jgk gS fd lHkh foHkkx ,d gh lky ds Hkhrj lkoZtfud dkeksa ls tqM+s ekeyksa dks
lquokbZ ds ckn tu yksdiky ds lnL;ksa dh ,d ihB bl izdkj dk naM ns vius ukxfjd vf/kdkj i= esa yk,axsA
ldsxhA vxj vkjksih la;qDr lfpo ;k mlls fupys Lrj dk gks rks ml ekeys esa
lquokbZ tu yksdiky ds ofj"B vf/kdkfj;ksa dh ,d ihB }kjk dh tk,xhA tu ;g Hkh vk'kadk trkbZ tk jgh gS fd tu yksdiky ds ikl f'kdk;rksa dk vEckj
yksdiky ds bu vkns'kksa ds f[kykQ mPp U;k;ky; esa ;kfpdk nkf[ky dh tk yx tk,xk vkSj dke BIi gks tk,xkA ;g vk'kadk lgh ugha gS D;ksafd flQZ mUgha
ldsxhA ;g O;oLFkk orZeku O;oLFkk ls dkQh csgrj gS] ftlesa vkj¨ih rFkk f'kdk;rksa dks Lohdkj fd;k tk,xk tks ukxfjd vf/kdkj i= ds mYya?ku ls
mud¢ fe= gh vius f[kykQ tkap djus ,oa lt+k fu/kkZfjr djus d¢ fy, lacaf/kr gksaxhA ,d ckj ds fy, vxj ge eku Hkh ysa fd fdlh foHkkx ds f[kykQ
mRrjnk;h g¨rs gSaA orZeku esa] mlh foHkkx d¢ vf/kdkfj;¨a }kjk tkap dh tkrh gS yk[kksa f'kdk;rsa vk tkrh gSa rks Hkh tu yksdiky dh O;oLFkk BIi ugha gks,xhA
¼vdlj dfu"B vf/kdkjh vius mPpkf/kdkfj;ksa ds f[kykQ tkap djrs gSaA½ rFkk buls dsoy dqN txgksa ds dqN foHkkxksa ds lrdZrk vf/kdkfj;ksa dk dke #d
lt+k dk fu/kkZj.k mlh foHkkx ;k ea=ky; d¢ vf/kdkjh }kjk fd;k tkrk gS v©j ldrk gSA ,sls esa ;fn tu yksdiky ;g eglwl djrk gS fd vf/kd lrdZrk
muds f[kykQ vihy Hkh mlh foHkkx ;k ea=ky; d¢ fdlh vf/kdkjh d¢ ikl dh vf/kdkfj;ksa dh t:jr gS] rks mlds ikl vkSj lrdZrk vf/kdkfj;ksa dks fu;qDr
tkrh gSA pwafd vkj¨ih vf/kdkjh mlh foHkkx @ ea=ky; ls lacaf/kr g¨rk gS djus dh 'kfDr gksxhA
blfy, og vius lgdÆe;¨a] lkfFk;¨a rFkk ekrgr¨a d¨ ÁHkkfor djus esa dke;kc
g¨ tkrk gSA T+;knkrj ekey¨a esa dk;Zokgh djus okys vf/kdkjh Hkh Hkz"Vkpkj esa
fyIr gksrs gSA
19 20

13. ifjf'k”V&1 'kkfey g¨a r¨ ;g d¢oy u©dj'kkg dh Hkwfedk ls lacaf/kr ekeys dh
gh tkap djrk gSA
orZeku Hkz“Vkpkj fuj¨/kh O¸koLFkk dh [kkfe;ka
? lrdZrk 'kk[kkvksa d¢ Åij bldk d¨Ã ÁR¸k{k fu;a«k.k ugha gS tc
foHkkxh;
d¢aæ ljdkj d¢ Lrj ij dh ;g vf/kdre f'kdk;rsa mUgsa gh lkSairk gSaA vdlj ns[kk tkrk gS fd
dsaæ ljdkj d¢ Lrj ij gekjs ikl d¢aæh; lrdZrk vk;¨x] foHkkxh; lrdZrk rFkk f'kdk;r lkSaius d¢ ckn bls ckj&ckj lacaf/kr foHkkx d¨ ;kn fnykrs jgrk
lh-ch-vkbZ gSA d¢aæh; lrdZrk vk;¨x rFkk foHkkxh; lrdZrk] Hkz"Vkpkj ls gS ftUgsa dà ckj ekuk Hkh ugha tkrkA lhohlh d¢ ikl vius vkns'k¨a d¢
lacaf/kr ekeyksa dks lrdZrk d¢ lanHkZ ¼vuq'kklukRed dk;Zokgh ½ esa rFkk lh-ch- vuqikyu djkus dh d¨Ã 'kfDr ugha gSA
vkbZ vkijkf/kd lanHkZ esa] dk;Zokgh djrh gSA
?ljdkj ds foHkkx¨a d¢ lrdZrk 'kk[kkvksa ij dsanzh; lrdZrk vk;ksx dk
d¢aæ
d¢aæh; lrdZrk vk;¨x& d¢aæh; lrdZrk vk;¨x Hkkjr ljdkj ds lrdZrk laca/kh d¨Ã Á'kklfud fu;a=.k ugha gS ftUgsa ;g Hkz"Vkpkj dh f'kdk;rsa lkSairk
ekey¨a ds fy, lo¨ZPp laLFkk gSA gSA ;|fi ljdkj fofHkUu foHkkx¨a d¢ eq[; lrdZrk vf/kdkfj;¨a dh
fu;qfDr djrs le; dsanzh; lrdZrk vk;ksxksa dh lykg ysrh gS fdarq vafre
? ds ikl cM+s iSekus ij f'kdk;rsa vkrh gSa ysfdu muls fuiVus ds
bl foHkkx fu.kZ; ljdkj }kjk gh fy;k tkrk gSA lkFk gh eq[; lrdZrk vf/kdkjh ls
fy, lhohlh ds ikl lalk/kuksa dk vHkko gSA dsanzh; lrdZrk vk;ksx ,d uhps d¢ vf/kdkfj;¨a dh fu;qfDr @ rcknys ml foHkkx d¢ Áeq[k }kjk fd,
cgqr gh NksVh laLFkk gS] ftlds dqy deZpkfj;¨a dh la[;k 200 ls Hkh de tkrs gSaA
gSA bls d¢aæ ljdkj d¢ 1500 ls Hkh vf/kd foHkkx¨a rFkk ea=ky;¨a ls
laEcf/kr Hkz"Vkpkj d¢ ekey¨a dh tkap djuh g¨rh gS] ftuesa ls dqN foHkkx ?; lrdZrk vk;ksx dh fu;qfDr;ka ÁR;{k :i ls ljdkj d¢ fu;a=.k esa
dsanzh
vR;kf/kd cMs+ gSa tSls d¢aæh; mRikn] jsy] vk;dj vkfn A g¨rh gSaA ;g fu;qfDr;ka fooknkLin ,oa xSj&ikjn'kÊ g¨rh gSaA
? ;g ,d Mkd[kkus dh Hkkafr dke djrs gq, T+;knkrj f'kdk;r¨a
bl Ádkj ? vf/kfu;e d¢aæh; lrdZrk vk;¨x d¨ lhchvkbZ d¢ i;Zos{k.k dk
lhohlh
d¨ lacaf/kr lrdZrk 'kk[kkvksa dks Ásf"kr djrk jgrk gSA ;g ÁR;{k :i ls ( djus dk vf/kdkj nsrk gSA ijarq ;g vf/kdkj csekuh gSA
lqijokbt+
d¢oy dqN gh ekey¨a esa [kqn tkap djrk gSA mnkgj.k d¢ fy, o"kZ dsanzh; lrdZrk vk;ksx d¢ ikl fdlh Hkh ekeys esa lhchvkbZ ls d¨Ã
2009&10 esa bld¨ ÁkIr g¨us okys 1800 ekey¨a esa ls flQZ 11 ekey¨a esa gh nLrkost+ ekaxus ;k fdlh fo'ks"k rjhd¢ ls tkap djokus dh 'kfDr ugha gSA
bld¢ }kjk ÁR;{k tkap dh xÃA ckdh ekeys d¢oy vkxs Ásf"kr dj fn, blds vykok lhchvkbZ dsanzh; lrdZrk vk;ksx ( ds ctk;
lhohlh
x;sA
lsohoxhZ; ,oa izf'k{k.k foHkkx ( MhvksihVh ds iz'kklfud fu;a=.k esa
? lrdZrk vk;¨x ( ek= ,d lykgdkjh laLFkk gSA d¢aæ
d¢aæh; lhohlh vkrk gSA
ljdkj ds fdlh Hkh foHkkx dh lrdZrk 'kk[kk igys ekeys dh tkap djrh
gS] mld¢ ckn lt+k d¢ fy, d¢aæh; lrdZrk vk;¨x ls lykg ekaxrh gSA bl Ádkj dsanzh; lrdZrk vk;ksx vis{kkÑr :i ls ,d Lora= laLFkk gS
?
gkykafd] ml foHkkx dk Áeq[k d¢aæh; lrdZrk vk;¨x dh flQkfj'k¨a d¨ fQj Hkh bld¢ ikl u r¨ lalk/ku gS v©j u 'kfDr;ka] ftlls ;g tkap ;k
ekuus ;k uk ekuus fd fy, Lora= gSA mu ekey¨a esa Hkh t¨ bld¢ }kjk dk;Zokgh dj ld¢A dsanzh; lrdZrk vk;ksx d¢oy ,d fn[kkok ek= cu
ÁR;{k :i ls tkaps x, gSa] lhohlh ljdkj d¨ d¢oy lykg ns ldrk gSA dj jg x;k gSA
ns[kus esa vk;k gS fd fdlh cMs+ vf/kdkjh d¢ Hkz"Vkpkj ls tqM+s gksus d¢ foHkkxh; lrdZrk 'kk[kk& ÁR;sd foHkkx esa ,d lrdZrk 'kk[kk g¨rh gS
ekey esa ljdkj }kjk ,slh flQkfj'ksa cgqr de gh ekuh xbZ gSaA ftlesa mlh foHkkx d¢ vf/kdkjh g¨rs gSa ¼dqN ckgjh yksxksa d¨ N¨M+ dj
tSls eq[; lrdZrk vf/kdkjh A gkykafd] mlds vanj dke djus okys lHkh
? lrdZrk vk;¨x dk vf/kdkj {ks= u©dj'kkg¨a rd gh lhfer gSA
d¢aæh;
jktusrk blds {ks= esa ugha vkrsA ;fn fdlh ekeys esa jktusrk Hkh vf/kdkjh mlh foHkkx ds gksrs gSA
21 22

14. ?foHkkx ds lrdZrk 'kk[kk d¢ lHkh vf/kdkjh mlh foHkkx ls g¨rs gSa] r¨
pawfd rjg ÁkFkfedh ntZ djus dh rFkk tkap djus dh 'kfDr g¨rh gSA ;g d¢aæ
mUgsa fdlh Hkh le; mlh foHkkx esa fdlh vU; in ij Hkh Hkst fn;k tkrk ljdkj ls lacaf/kr fdlh Hkh foHkkx esa Lor% ;k fdlh jkT; ljdkj ;k
gSA ,sls esa mud¢ }kjk vius gh lgdÆe;¨a ;k mPp vf/kdkfj;¨a d¢ f[kykQ U;k;ky; d¢ funsZ'k ij tkap dj ldrh gSA
tkap djuk vlaHko g¨ tkrk gSA ;fn fdlh mPp vf/kdkjh d¢ f[kykQ
? ds Åij T+;knk dke gksus d¢ dkj.k oks ekeys Hkh Lohdkj ugha
lhchvkbZ
f'kdk;r ÁkIr g¨rh gS r¨ ,slk vf/kdkjh ( ckn esa] gks ldrk gS fd
ftldks
djrh ftuesa yxHkx ,d dj¨M+ dk ?kiyk gqvk g¨A
mlh vkj¨ih vf/kdkjh d¢ uhps dke djuk iM+s mld¢ f[kykQ izHkkoh
tkap ugh djrkA dkQh ckj ,slk Hkh gksrk gS fd lrdZrk vf/kdkjh ? ÁR;{k :i ls d¢aæ ljdkj d¢ v/khu dke djrh gSA lhchvkbZ d¢
lhchvkbZ
vkjksih vf/kdkjh ds uhps dke dj jgk gksrk gSA ,sls esa bZekunkj tkap funs'kd vkSj vU; lHkh vf/kdkjh d¢aæ ljdkj }kjk lh/ks fu;qDr fd, tkrs
djuk rks yxHkx vlaHko gh gSA gSaA
?dqN foHkkx¨a esa lrdZrk vf/kdkjh vU; dk;¨± d¨ Hkh ns[krs gaSA bldk ? Hkz"Vkpkj ds ekeys esa la;qDr lfpo ;k mlds Åij ds Lrj ds
vxj
eryc gS fd mls lrdZrk dk vfrfjDr ÁHkkj fn;k x;k g¨rk gSA ,sls esa vf/kdkjh 'kkfey gksa rks lhchvkbZ d¨ tkap 'kq: djus ls igys ljdkj ls
;fn d¨Ã ukxfjd f'kdk;r djrk gS r¨ laHko gS fd ml vf/kdkjh d¨ vuqefr ysuh iM+rh gSA eqdnek pykus ds fy, Hkh bls ljdkj ls vuqefr
vius vki d¢ f[kykQ gh tkap djuh iM+rh gSA ;fn ,slh f'kdk;r ysuh gksrh gSA dkQh ckj ftu vf/kdkfj;¨a d¨ ,slh vuqefr nsuh g¨rh gS os
foHkkx Áeq[k ;k lhohlh d¨ Hkh dh tkrh gS r¨ Hkh og var esa mlh ;k r¨ Lo;a ,sls ekey¨a es fyIr g¨rs gSa ;k buesa lafyIr fdlh jktuSfrd
vf/kdkjh d¨ lkSai nh tkrh gSA ,sls lSdM+ksa 'keZukd mnkgj.k gSaA O;fDr d¢ ÁHkko esa g¨rs gSaA
?rk foHkkx ls tqM+s T;knkrj vf/kdkjh igys ls gh Hkz"V gksrs gSaA
lrdZ ? ekeys dh tkap iwjh g¨ tkus d¢ ckn lhchvkbZ }kjk U;k;ky; esa
fdlh
lrdZrk foHkkx esa jgrs gq, og vius f[kykQ yxs lHkh ekey¨a ij ekeyk ntZ djkus ds fy, odhy dkuwUk ea=ky; }kjk fu;qDr fd;k tkrk
yhik&i¨rh fd d¨f'k'k djrs gSaA bl Ádkj os lrdZrk foHkkx d¨ gSA ,sls esa ;fn fdlh ekeys esa d¨Ã ea=h Qalk gqvk gS r¨ dkuwu ea=ky;
Hkz"Vkpkj dk x<+ cuk nsrs gSa tgka iSlk ysdj ekeys can fd, tkrs gSaA ,slk odhy pqurk gS ftldk iz;kl nks"kh dks lt+k fnykus dh ctk;
ekeys dks gh [kre djk nsuk gksrk gSA
? lrdZrk 'kk[kk fdlh Hkh ekeys d¢ vkijkf/kd igyw dh tkap ugha
foHkkxh;
djrh v©j u gh bls ÁkFkfedh ¼,Q-vkbZ-vkj½ ntZ djus dh 'kfDr g¨rh ? ;fn d¨Ã f'kdk;r fdlh ea=h] jktusrk ;k ukSdj'kkg ls lacaf/kr
vr%
gSA gksrh gS t¨ lRrk:<+ dk fgLlk gks rks ,sls ekeyka esa lhchvkbZ }kjk lgh
tkap dj ikuk vlaHko g¨rk gSA ,sls esa lhchvkbZ ekeys dh yhik&iksrh esa
? ikl jktusrkv¨a d¢ f[kykQ Hkh d¨Ã 'kfDr ugha g¨rhA
buds tqV tkrh gSA
?lrdZrk foHkkx ml foHkkx d¢ Áeq[k }kjk fu;af=r g¨rk gS] blfy,
pwafd ?lhchvkbZ d¢ ljdkj d¢ v/khu g¨us d¢ dkj.k] bldk bLrseky foi{kh
iqu%]
bld¢ }kjk mlh foHkkx ds mPp vf/kdkfj;¨a d¢ f[kykQ tkap dj ikuk jktusrkv¨a ls l©nsckt+h d¢ fy, fd;k tkrk gSA
vlaHko g¨rk gSA
var%] ;fn ,d ukxfjd fdlh jktusrk ;k dsanz ljdkj ds fdlh vQlj ds
? T;knkrj le; fdlh Hkh foHkkx dh lrdZrk 'kk[kk f'kdk;rksa
bl Ádkj Hkz"Vkpkj dh f'kdk;r djuk pkgrk gS rks dksbZ Hkh ,d ,slh Hkz"Vkpkj
dh d¢oy yhik&i¨rh dj jgk g¨rk gS ;k dqN pqus gq, vQljksa ds fujks/kh ,tsalh ugha gS tks ljdkj ls eqDr gksa vkSj izHkko'kkyh gksA
f[kykQ gh tkap djrk gSA lhchvkbZ ds ikl 'kfDr gS ysfdu Lora= ugha gSA dsanzh; lrdZrk vk;ksx
Lora= gS ysfdu u rks mlds ikl 'kfDr gS u gh lalk/kuA
dsanzh; vUos"k.k C;wjks ( & lhchvkbZ d¢ ikl iqfyl Fkkus dh
lh-ch-vkbZ
jkT; Lrj ij
23 24

15. gekjs ikl Bhd ,slh gh O;oLFkk jkT; Lrj ij Hkh gSaA lHkh lrdZrk
,tsafl;ka ( lrdZrk foHkkx] foHkkxksa dh lrdZrk 'kk[kk vkSj
tSls jkT;
ifjf'k"V & 2
Hkz"Vkpkj fujks/kh ,tsafl;ka ( iqfyl dh Hkz"Vkpkj fujks/kh 'kk[kk]
tSls jkT; Government denied permission to register case
lhvkbZMh vkfn lh/ks&lh/ks jkT; ljdkj ds fu;a=.k esa dke djrh gSa vkSj against top NHAI officer
Indian Express 18th Nov 2010
blfy, vius jktuhfrd ekfydksa ds f[kykQ Hkz"Vkpkj dh tkap izHkkoh
The Union Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH), under Kamal Nath,
rjhds ls ugha dj ikrhA lkFk gh] dqN gh jkT;ksa esa yksdk;qDr cuk, x, has refused the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) sanction to initiate an inquiry
gSaA against a top official of the National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) in connection
with a corruption case registered six months ago in which two top NHAI officials were
yksdk;qDr% arrested.
CBI officials said the denial of sanction came early this month after it sent several
reminders to the Ministry and to the Cabinet Secretary underlining that it was Union
?k;qDr Lor% tkap 'kq: ugha dj ldrkA mls fu/kkZfjr Lrj ds Åij ds
yksd Minister Kamal Nath who was the “competent authority” to take a final decision in the
vf/kdkfj;ksa ds f[kykQ tkap 'kq: djus ls igys jkT; ljdkj ls vuqefr matter.
ysuh iM+rh gSA Sources have confirmed to The Indian Express that the CBI, after seeking legal
advice, has now written to Cabinet Secretary K M Chandrasekhar asking him to
transfer out S I Patel, an Additional Secretary-level officer who is now posted as
? a esa] tu yksdk;qDr dks dsoy jktusrkvksa ds f[kykQ 'kfDr nh
dqN jkT;ks Member (Projects) in the NHAI.
xbZ gSA ;gka ukSdj'kkgksa ds f[kykQ Hkz"Vkpkj ds ekeyksa lrdZrk foHkkx The Cabinet Secretary is understood to have scheduled a review meeting with CBI
officials later this week.
ns[krs gSaA bl izdkj dk foHkktu tkap izfdz;k dks uqdlku igqapkrk gSA
The case in question is a controversial award of contract in the 120-km Nagpur-
tc fdlh ,d ekeys esa ftlesa jktusrk vkSj ukSdj'kkg nksuksa 'kkfey gksrs Betul Highway (NH 69) to a Delhi-based private firm, Oriental Structural Engineers
gSa( vkerkSj ij ns[kus dks feyrk gS ] yksdk;qDr vkSj lrdZrk
tks fd Pvt Ltd (OSEPL). The contract value, over an 18-year period, is Rs 10,800 crore,
and the CBI has alleged several irregularities in the manner in which it was awarded.
foHkkx nksuksa gh dfBukbZ eglwl djrs gSA It was in May this year that the CBI registered a case after it received complaints
from among the 12 other bidders and put telephones of NHAI and OSEPL under
? Dr dsoy ,d lykgdkj dh Hkwfedk fuHkkrk gSA mls izR;{k :Ik ls
yksdk;q surveillance. Cash totaling Rs 1.86 crore was recovered by the CBI from NHAI
officials during searches.
eqdnek djus dh 'kfDr ugha gSA os ljdkj dks flQkfj'k Hkst ldrs gSa The CBI called it a case of criminal conspiracy and corruption in which while
ftldk ekuuk ;k u ekuuk ljdkj ds gkFk esa gksrk gSA awarding a contract, the NHAI had tried to “eliminate all possible contenders on one
pretext or another and favoured the accused company ensuring huge financial gain
to it.”
? ikl Hkkjh ek=k esa tks f'kdk;rsa feyrh gS mudh tkap ds fy, i;kZIr
buds
Those arrested were a Chief General Manager and General Manager of the NHAI
lalk/ku ugha gksrsA and two top OSEPL bosses, including its managing director. An analysis of the
evidence including telephone transcripts of conversations between the two camps
? Dr dh fu;qfDr jkT; ljdkj }kjk fooknkLin ,oa xSj&ikjn'kÊ
yksdk;q and emails exchanged between NHAI and OSEPL officials led the CBI to seek
sanction to investigate Member (Projects) Patel too.
rjhds ls dh tkrh gSA dqN jkT;ksa esa budh Lora=rk ij Hkh loky mBs gSaA Significantly, Patel was able to stay out of the country he sought several extensions
of his leave all throughout the 60-day remand period of the arrested officials and
returned to NHAI only after they secured bail since the CBI failed to file a
chargesheet.
The CBI version is that Patel's evidence is vital to link pieces of evidence in the case
and, therefore, its urgent reminders for immediate grant of sanction.
When contacted today, NHAI chairman Brajeshwar Singh told The Indian Express
that he wasn't aware of the final outcome of the CBI's request for sanction since it
was being handled by the Ministry.
25 26

16. “The Ministry had asked us for comments and we gave them what was on our files. I After the ministry didn't get back on its March 2010 letter, then CBI Director Ashwini
am not aware of the nature of evidence with the CBI since they are not expected to Kumar wrote another letter to the Coal Ministry on June 10, seeking approval to
share it with us,” he said. “Yes, the CBI recovered huge sums of money from two prosecute Garg for “criminal misconduct”. “...so far, no action has been taken and
NHAI officials but again I am not aware if they were able to establish a nexus Garg continues to enjoy his posting”, the CBI said in its second letter. However, the
between the officers and the contract.” ministry chose to ignore this too.
Despite senior NHAI officials being arrested and OSEPL being made the “accused” Six months later, on December 3, the CBI again reminded the ministry about its
private beneficiary, the NHAI went ahead and signed the concessional agreement request and said that one of its Joint Director-level officers “himself had come and
the final contractual procedure with the same company. This was done in end handed over the request for permission for registration of the case against Garg”.
August, three months after the arrests and searches. When asked about this, NHAI After Partha S Bhattarcharya retired as CIL CMD recently, Garg and T K Lahiry,
chief Singh said: “Technically, the contract was awarded before the CBI action. CMD of Bharat Coking Coal Ltd, also a subsidiary of CIL, were shortlisted by the
Nobody, including the CBI, had asked us to cancel the concessional agreement. Its Public Enterprises Selection Board for the coveted job.
signing was a mere formality.”
When contacted, Coal Minister Sriprakash Jaiswal said: “We are looking into it. The
law will take its own course.” He added that his ministry was waiting for the final
report of the Central Vigilance Commission on Garg's candidature for becoming CIL
Coal Ministry sits on CBI requests to prosecute chief.
Coal India top officer Incidentally, the CVC too had written a letter to the ministry on November 11 last
Indian Express 7th March 2011 year, endorsing the CBI's request for proceeding against Garg and asking the
ministry to expressly get back to the agency on whether it was allowing prosecution,
The Coal Ministry is sitting on at least three requests by the CBI during the past year and if not, to convey the reasons for refusal.
to initiate prosecution proceedings against S C Garg, the Chairman and Managing
Director of Western Coalfields Ltd, a subsidiary of state-owned monopoly Coal
India Ltd. Garg is one of the two contenders for the post of Coal India CMD.
The investigating agency first wrote to the ministry on March 18, 2010, seeking
CBI cannot act against Railway scam accused
permission to register a case of “grave misconduct” against Garg. As WCL CMD, Asian Age 21st July 2010
Garg was accused of showing undue favours to Shri Sai Constructions, which was
awarded a Rs 13.5 crore contract for building the Motaghat Nala. It allegedly forged The Central Bureau of Investigation sleuths probing the Railway
bank guarantee papers to execute the works, but Garg didn't take serious action to Recruitment Board scam couldn't make much headway in the case of
penalise the firm. Mumbai RRB chief Mr S. M. Sharma thanks to a provision in the Delhi
“The CMD of WCL is a Joint Secretary-level officer. Hence approval under Section Special Police Establishment Act which makes government sanction
6A of the DSPE Act is required for carrying out an inquiry into the said allegations,” mandatory before registering an FIR against an officer of the rank of
the CBI wrote in its letter to the ministry, a copy of which is with The Indian Express. joint-secretary or above under the Prevention of Corruption Act.
But the ministry did not respond. Though the CBI allegedly found incriminating evidence against Mr
According to CIL sources, while Garg constituted a committee on September 9, Sharma, they couldn't register an FIR against him due to Section 6A of
2008, to ascertain if Shri Sai Constructions could be banned and penalties imposed the DSPE Act as Mr Sharma is an officer of the joint-secretary rank.
on it, he did little to implement its recommendations. The panel had recommended
banning the firm “with immediate effect” and also forfeiting the balance payment of On June 17, the CBI had written to the Centre seeking permission for
Rs 92,23,154 against the work executed. It had also suggested recovery of over Rs initiating investigation against Mr Sharma after the arrest of his son Mr
16 lakh from it for forging bank guarantees. Vivek Bhardwaja. Sources in the Central Bureau of Investigation said
Denying that he was responsible for the Motaghat Nala contract, Garg says the that the agency is still awaiting the Centre's nod and this delay in
charges were an attempt to malign him as he was set to become CIL CMD. “The CBI obtaining permission is having a negative impact on the investigations
has jumped midway without collecting fact or waiting for the outcome of the as in several cases the accused get enough time to manipulate various
deliberations of the Board, which is the competent authority for giving any decision
involving such expenditure (of about Rs 14 crore). I, as the MD can only decide on aspects of the case.
cases involving expenditure of up to Rs 10 crore. The Motaghat Nala contract was A Central Bureau of Investigation official said, “Earlier, in several cases
given before I became CMD of WCL, and I was apprised of it in July 2008. So how the accused tried to seek a discharge from the case on technical
am I responsible?”
grounds by raising the issue that the mandatory provision of Section 6A
He said they had realised that Shri Sai Constructions had provided a fake bank was not complied by the CBI.”
guarantee (Rs 2.24 crore), following which they had filed an FIR, forfeited their
gurantee and also charged Rs 17,00,000 as interest. “I also solicited the advice of Section 6A was inserted in 2003 with an intention of safeguarding public
the Additional Solicitor General. The matter is with the board and a case is on servants against mala fide and unwarranted investigations.
against the company.”
27 28