The document discusses panic disorder, which is characterized by unexpected panic attacks that are unrelated to circumstances. Panic disorder has a lifetime prevalence of 1.5-2% and is more common in females. Causes may include genetic factors, alterations in GABA, repression failure, or painful stimuli. Symptoms include shortness of breath, rapid heartbeat, chest pain, sweating, dizziness, nausea, numbness, trembling, and fear of dying. Treatment includes benzodiazepines, antidepressants, beta blockers, relaxation techniques, breathing exercises, and cognitive behavioral therapy to change negative thoughts.

1. SUSHEEL DAYALWANSI

2. Panic anxiety disorder is characterized by Anxiety
, which is intermittent and unrelated to particular
circumstances & situation. The lifetime
prevalence of panic disorder is 1.5 to 2 percent. it
is seen 2 to 3 times more often in females.
ETILOGY:-
A. Genetic disorder -15 to 20% affected by genetic
but in monozygotic twins, it will be reach 80
percent.
B. Alteration in GABA.
C. Repression failure.
D. Painful stimulus.
E. Negative automatic thoughts.

3. • Shortness of breath
• Rapid Heart beat
• Chocking, chest discomfort or pain
• Sweating, Dizziness
• Palpitation & Faintness
• Nausea or abdominal discomfort
• Numbness or chills
• Trembling and shaking
• Fear of dying or having a heart attack
• Agoraphobia & depression

4. More than 95% of those diagnosis with
agoraphobia have an accompanying diagnosis of
panic disorder.
DIAGNOSIS:-
a. Drug effects checkup
b. History collection
c. Serum glucose measurement to rule out
hypoglycemia
d. Thyroid function test to rule out
hyperthyroidism
e. Urine and serum toxicology test to rule out
presence of psychoactive substances such

5. PHARMACOTHERAPY:-
• Benzodiazepines for ex. Alprazolam, clonazepam
• Antidepressants
• Beta blockers to control severe palpitation
BEHAVIORAL THERAPY:-
• Relaxation techniques (For coping)
• Deep breathing exercise, which also reduce the
risk of hyperventilation.
• Progressive relaxation therapy
• Positive verbalization & imagery guided
(purposeful changement & promoting feelings of
relaxation )
• Listening calming Music

6. Panic anxiety related to real or
perceived to biological integrity or self
concept, evidenced by various physical
and psychological manifestation.
Powerlessness related to impaired
cognition , evidenced by verbal
expression of lack of control over life
situation and not participation in
decision making.

7. Teaches the patient to replace negative
thoughts with more realistic , positive
ways of viewing the attacks.
Help the patient to identify possible
triggers for the panic attacks , such as a
particular thought or situation.
Help the patient to identify and evaluate
the thoughts that precede anxiety and
then restructures them to gain a more
realistic perception.