Mukkhanathuns are the third gender about which the old texts of Islam have mentioned and directed through Hadith and Quran

1. ISLAM AND THE THIRD
GENDER.
MUKHANNATHUNS: is the classical Arab for what would be
now known as transgender women. It generally means “effeminate
ones” or “men who resemble women”. The singular term for this
word would be mukhannath. Although they cannot be said to
represent modern gay men, they are however the historical
equivalent of the queer community that we have today.
Hadith collector and scholar, An-Nawawi, has
categorized mukhannathun into two categories, and that is:
Mukhannath min kalqin: These are men whose feminine traits
are innate and he did not put it upon himself. Therein lies no guilt,
no shame and no blame, as long as he does not use his
characteristics for illicit acts, or exploit it for money.
Mukhannath bi al-takalluf: These are the men who act like
women out of immoral purposes, and his feminine traits are not
inborn. To An-Nawawi, this is sinful and blameworthy.

2. ISLAMIC ACCOMMODATIONS OF HOMOSEXUALITY
AND MUKHANNATHUNS
 The presence of homosexuality and “effeminate men” in the early
Islamic period by reviewing various authentic Islamic literatures
which clearly rose with the waves of Puritanism and fell before
contemporary “Islamism” (Islamic fundamentalism) in traditional and
modern Arab states as well as in Muslim countries around the world
 The references of Mukhannathuns have been found in many Hadith
and Quran, and it is the classical Arab for what would be now known
as transgender women. It generally means “effeminate ones” or
“men who resemble women”.
 There is no such use of the word mukhannathun in Quran but has
verses stating homosexuality like in Surah Al-Ashraf ‘the story of Lut’
talks about the end of the civilization due to sodomizing strangers as
a way of driving them off their land, “without having any sexual
desire to do that. (Quran, (Surat al-Araf n.d.) The Quran mentions
only the unjust homosexual rape perpetrated by straight men against
other straight men which comes under Mukhannath bi al-takalluf

3. Homosexuality and Transgender:
Natural and not a sin if it is
natural As Quran recognizes : there are some people
who are "non-procreative" [ ‫ِيم‬‫ق‬َ‫ع‬], thus neither male
nor female:
42:49 "To Allah belongs the dominion over the
heavens and the earth. It creates what It wills. It
prepares for whom It wills females, and It
prepares for whom It wills males.
50 Or It marries together the males and the
females, and It makes those whom It wills to be
non-procreative. Indeed It is the Knowing, the
Powerful."
Arabic: ‫هلل‬َ‫ش‬َ‫ي‬ ‫ا‬َ‫م‬ ُ‫ق‬ُ‫ل‬ْ‫خ‬َ‫ي‬ ِ‫ض‬ ْ‫ر‬َ ْ‫اْل‬ َ‫و‬ ِ‫ت‬‫َّمو‬‫س‬‫ال‬ ُ‫ك‬ْ‫ل‬ُ‫م‬‫َاث‬‫ن‬ِ‫ا‬ ُ‫ء‬‫َآ‬‫ش‬َّ‫ي‬ ْ‫ن‬َ‫م‬ِ‫ل‬ ُ‫ب‬َ‫ه‬َ‫ي‬ ُ‫ء‬‫آ‬ً‫ا‬
َ‫ر‬ ْ‫و‬ُ‫ك‬ُّ‫ذ‬‫ال‬ ُ‫ء‬‫َآ‬‫ش‬َّ‫ي‬ ْ‫ن‬َ‫م‬ِ‫ل‬ ُ‫ب‬َ‫ه‬َ‫ي‬ َّ‫و‬ْ‫م‬ُ‫ه‬ُ‫ج‬ َّ‫و‬ َ‫ُز‬‫ي‬ ْ‫و‬َ‫ا‬َّ‫ي‬ ْ‫ن‬َ‫م‬ ُ‫ل‬َ‫ع‬ْ‫ج‬َ‫ي‬ َ‫و‬ ً‫ا‬‫َاث‬‫ن‬ِ‫ا‬ َّ‫و‬ ً‫ا‬‫ان‬ َ‫ر‬ْ‫ك‬ُ‫ذ‬ُ‫ء‬‫َآ‬‫ش‬
ْ‫ي‬ِ‫د‬َ‫ق‬ ٌ‫م‬ْ‫ي‬ِ‫ل‬َ‫ع‬ ُ‫ه‬َّ‫ن‬ِ‫ا‬ ً‫ا‬‫ْم‬‫ي‬ِ‫ق‬َ‫ع‬
 women to reduce [some] of their vision and guard
their private parts and not expose their adornment
except that which [necessarily] appears thereof
and to wrap [a portion of] their headcovers over
their chests and not expose their adornment
except to their husbands, their fathers, their
husbands' fathers, their sons, their husbands'
sons, their brothers, their brothers' sons, their
sisters' sons, their women, that which their right
hands possess, or those male attendants
having no physical desire, or children who are
not yet aware of the private aspects of women. :
Quran, Surah al Nur, 24:31. (Taking against
public nudity)
 Bukhari, Authentic Traditions, Book LXXII (Dress),
Chapter 61:
(773) The Messenger of God, peace be upon him,
cursed female-impersonators [m.pl.] who are
males, and male-impersonators [f.pl.] who are
women.
Arabic: َ‫ت‬ُ‫م‬‫ال‬ َ‫م‬َّ‫ل‬‫س‬ َ‫و‬ ِ‫ه‬‫علي‬ ُ‫هللا‬ ‫صلى‬ ِ‫هللا‬ ُ‫ل‬‫و‬ُ‫س‬ َ‫ر‬ َ‫ن‬َ‫ع‬َ‫ل‬ِ‫ل‬‫ا‬َ‫ج‬ ِِّ‫الر‬ َ‫ن‬ِ‫م‬ َ‫ين‬ِ‫ه‬ِِّ‫ب‬َ‫ش‬
ِ‫ل‬‫جا‬ ِِّ‫بالر‬ ِ‫ِساء‬ِّ‫ن‬‫ال‬ َ‫ن‬ِ‫م‬ ِ‫ت‬‫ِّها‬ِ‫ب‬َ‫ش‬َ‫ت‬ُ‫م‬‫ال‬ َ‫و‬ ِ‫ِساء‬ِّ‫ن‬‫بال‬
 Bukhari, Authentic Traditions, Book LXXII (Dress),
Chapter 62:
(774) The Prophet, peace be upon him, cursed
the effeminate men [m.pl.] who are males, and the
male-pretenders [f.pl.] who are women, and he
said: Evict them from your houses, and the
Prophet, peace be upon him, evicted such-and-
such [m.sg.] and 'Umar evicted such-and-such
[f.sg.].
Arabic: َّ‫ن‬َ‫خ‬ُ‫م‬‫ال‬ َ‫م‬َّ‫ل‬‫س‬ َ‫و‬ ِ‫ه‬‫علي‬ ُ‫هللا‬ ‫صلى‬ ‫ي‬ِ‫ب‬َّ‫ن‬‫ال‬ َ‫ن‬َ‫ع‬َ‫ل‬ِ‫ل‬‫ا‬َ‫ج‬ ِِّ‫الر‬ َ‫ن‬ِ‫م‬ َ‫ِين‬‫ث‬
َ‫ل‬‫ا‬َ‫ق‬ َ‫و‬ ِ‫ِساء‬ِّ‫ن‬‫ال‬ َ‫ن‬ِ‫م‬ ِ‫ت‬‫ال‬ ِِّ‫ج‬ َ‫َر‬‫ت‬ُ‫م‬‫ال‬ َ‫و‬:ْ‫ن‬ِ‫م‬ ْ‫م‬ُ‫ه‬‫و‬ُ‫ج‬ ِ‫ر‬ْ‫أخ‬َ‫ل‬‫قا‬ ،ْ‫م‬ُ‫ك‬ِ‫ت‬‫ُو‬‫ي‬ُ‫ب‬:ِ‫ب‬َّ‫ن‬‫ال‬ َ‫ج‬ َ‫ر‬ْ‫فأخ‬ُّ‫ي‬
َ‫ة‬َ‫ن‬‫ال‬ُ‫ف‬ ُ‫ر‬َ‫م‬ُ‫ع‬ َ‫ج‬ َ‫ر‬ْ‫وأخ‬ ،‫النا‬ُ‫ف‬ َ‫م‬َّ‫ل‬‫س‬ َ‫و‬ ِ‫ه‬‫علي‬ ُ‫هللا‬ ‫صلى‬

4. TRACING MUKHANNATHUNS IN THE ARAB-
ISLAMIC MIDDLE EAST
 The musical literature sources offer a considerable full picture
of a society in which the mukhannathan for a period of two
generations enjoyed a positions of exceptional visibility and
prestige.
 In the course of the first Islamic century, the holy cities of
Mecca and Medina suffered a drastic loss of political power. As
the rapidly expanding empire incorporated the populous
provinces of Syria and Iraq, the caliphal capital was moved first
to Kufa and then to Damascus, and, after the defeat of the
counter-caliph bn al-zubayr in medina and around this time the
mukhannathus were present in the courts as musicians and
performers and they had a well-defined role already interpreted
in Islamic Arabian society is suggested by a number of
Prophetic hadith.
 Persecution started from the era of Chalifat of the Ummayad
and Caliph Sulayman ordered for the widespread persecution
of Mukkhanathuns .

5. IDIOMS OF HOMOSEXUALITIES
Waria
• Indonesia
• Bissu
Mukannathuns
• Arab
• Effiminate men
Hijra
• South Asia
• Cult communities.

6. The two societies that are affected by the religion and
have been influenced differently for their perception of
Homosexuality
 WARIAS’S AND BISSU’S OF
INDONESIA: A STUDY OF THE
CHANGE IN POSITION OF THE
THIRD GENDER
 Affected by Dutch colonialism
and Islamic fundamentalism.
 Were not seen as incompatible
with the Indonesian Muslim
society before.
 Now are persecuted in the
society and have no legal rights
in form of marriage.
 A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF
SAUDI ARABIA AND ALBANIA
 Saudi Arabia as mentioned earlier in this
article since the end of the Umayyad
period was radicalized and anti-
homosexuality Umayyad dynasty, also
spelled Omayyad, the first great Muslim
dynasty to rule the empire of the Caliphate
(661–750 ce), sometimes referred to as
the Arab kingdom (reflecting traditional
Muslim disapproval of the secular nature
of the Umayyad state). The Umayyads,
headed by Abū Sufyān, were a largely
merchant family of the Quraysh tribe
centred at Mecca. They had initially
resisted Islam, not converting until 627.
 Albania and Saudi Arabia are both
Majority Muslim nations et have
differencial laws. Studies have shown that
societies have been affected by the type
of government system the two countries
have abopted.

7.  This is Naina, She is a mukhannathun (eunuch) talking about her
experiences.
 A sinner by birth ?
 Extreme prejudice remains, both socially and legally, in much of
the Islamic world against people who engage in homosexual acts.
In Afghanistan, Brunei, Iran, Mauritania, Nigeria, Saudi
Arabia, Sudan, United Arab Emirates and Yemen, homosexual
activity carries the death penalty. In others, such
as Algeria,Maldives, Malaysia, Qatar, Somalia and Syria, it is
illegal. Same-sex sexual intercourse is legal in 20 Muslim-majority
nations (Albania, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bosnia and
Herzegovina, Burkina Faso, Chad, Djibouti, Guinea-
Bissau, Lebanon, Tunisia, Iraq, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kosovo, Kyrgyz
stan,Mali, Niger, Tajikistan, Turkey, West Bank (State of Palestine),
and most of Indonesia (except in Acehand South Sumatra provinces,
where bylaws against LGBT rights have been passed), as well
asNorthern Cyprus. In Albania, Tunisia, Lebanon, and Turkey, there
have been discussions about legalizing same-sex
marriage.Homosexual relations between females are legal
in Kuwait,Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, but homosexual acts
between males are illegal.