1. MAKRON Skyphos White text: p.47-48 Black text: p.51-55

3. Potter: Hieron Technique: Red-Figure Date: 490-480 BC Shape: Skyphos , a deep drinking cup Function: Drinking wine Painter: Makron

4. Dimensions Height: 21cm

7. Side A The Abduction of Helen

15. Paris’ companion, Aeneas . He is armed with a spear and shield, and leads the party, looking back over his shoulder. The Boys A servant stands under one handle. Paris’s legs are wide apart, suggesting movement. He too is looking back over his shoulder, as if he might be being pursued, and he leads Helen by the wrist not the hand. He wears a Corinthian helmet, but not as it would be worn in battle

16. The Girls Helen is the central figure, being led by Paris Helen is accompanied by two maidservants The first maidservant is Aphrodite, Goddess of Love, who is putting a cloak over Helen’s head to disguise her. The second maidservant is called Peitho (persuasion). She stands, watching the abduction, holding flowers in her hand.

17. Finally: Eros, son of Aphrodite, is also present. This reinforces the notion that Helen is going with Paris due to seduction not abduction.

18. Composition 1 The important figures are painted in the centre of the frieze. Aeneas and Peitho frame the central trio Aeneas and Peitho frame the central trio

19. Composition 2 The female figures are static The male figures are moving

20. Composition 3 The narrative moves right to left

21. Overlapping All the figures shown on the vase are overlapping. Since they are so close together and the drapery is so similar, Makron has a difficult job to make each figure distinct, but he succeeds. This creates a sense of depth. Single groundline

22. Side B Menelaus reclaims Helen

24. The Boys Kriseus, an old man with a realistic white beard The elderly Priam sits on an elaborate throne underneath the handle. He is balding and a light-coloured slip suggests grey hair Menelaus, King of Sparta, is portrayed fully armed. He is drawing his sword, about to attack his unfaithful wife.

25. The Girls Helen flees towards Aphrodite, but looks back over her shoulder at the angry Menelaus The second maidservant, Kriseis, is ready to help Aphrodite, Helen’s maidservant, holds her arms open towards Helen.

26. Composition 1 The important figures are painted in the centre of the frieze. Kriseus and Kriseis are onlookers Priam is an onlooker

27. Composition 2 These figures mimic the pose of Aeneas and Paris on Side A These figures mimic the pose of the static figures on Side A

28. Composition 3 The narrative moves right to left

29. Overlapping Again, all the figures are overlapping. Makros creates a sense of depth by painting Menelaus behind his shield. Single groundline

30. Height of the figures All figures are the same height – filling the height of the vase – except two. Priam and the boy both fit neatly underneath the handles on either side.