A presention on LIFI technology.. Use MS Office 13 to view the original fonts and pics used within(as they are not supported in the previous versions..)

1. Technology
PROJECT SUBMITTED BY-
SUBHRAJIT SADHUKHAN
BCA 6TH SEMESTER
NETAJI SUBHASH ENGINEERING COLLEGE
1

2. WIFI
& it’s
Problems
2

3.  From using wireless internet in a coffee shop or stealing it from the
guy next door to competing for bandwidth at a conference, the
most probable cause of frustration is the decreasing speed due to
more than one device being are tapped into the network.
 If we have a limited internet plan, say for example 5GB for 30days,
then we have to make sure that that our network isn’t being used by
someone else( i.e. We have to password protect our network,
thereby preventing unauthorized extra usage).
 The radio waves used for transmitting data in WIFI networks has
detrimental impact on human health.
3

4. Introductio
n
to LIFI
4

5. Introduction to LIFI networks
 Data Through Illumination: A German physicist, Dr. Harald Haas,
has come up with a solution to address the problems with WIFI networks,
he calls “Data Through Illumination”—taking the fiber out of fiber optics
by sending data through an LED light bulb that varies in intensity faster
than the human eye can follow.
 Light Fidelity: And this technology is called“Light Fidelity”, popularly
know as LIFI.
 5G Visible Light Communication, Technology: LI-FI is 5G Visible
Light Communication, Technology.
 The light from light emitting diodes (LED’s) is used as medium
to deliver networked, mobile, high speed communication: The
light is provided by light emitting diodes (LED’s) which acts as medium
to deliver networked, mobile, high speed communication just as WI-FI or
Optical fibre.
 With LIFI is possible to encode the data into the light by varying the rate
at which the LED’s flicker ON and OFF which is too quickly to be noticed
by the human eye.
5

6. Developme
nt teamPEOPLE WITHOUT WHOM LIFI WOULD JUST HAVE BEEN ANOTHER GREAT
THEORY WITH NO PRACTICAL IMPLEMENTATION
6

7.  Li-Fi is a Visible Light Communication (VLC), technology developed by a
team of scientists including Dr. Gordon Povey, Prof. Harald
Haas and Dr. Mostafa Afgani at the University of Edinburgh.
Prof. Harald Haas
7

8. History
8

9.  Professor Harald Haas, from the University of
Edinburgh in the UK, is widely recognised as the
original founder of Li-Fi. He coined the term Li-Fi
and is Chair man of Mobile Communications at
the University of Edinburgh and co-founder of
pureLiFi.
 The general term visible light communication
(VLC), includes any use of the visible light portion
of the electromagnetic spectrum to transmit
information.
 The D-Light project at Edinburgh's Institute for
Digital Communications was funded from January
2010 to January 2012.
 Haas promoted this technology in his 2011 TED
Global talk and helped start a company to market
it.
 PureLiFi, formerly pureVLC, is an original equipment
manufacturer (OEM) firm set up to commercialize
Li-Fi products for integration with existing LED-
lighting systems.
9

10. History (Contd…)
 In October 2011, companies and industry groups formed the Li-Fi
Consortium, to promote high-speed optical wireless systems and to
overcome the limited amount of radio-based wireless spectrum
available by exploiting a completely different part of the
electromagnetic spectrum.
 VLC technology was exhibited in 2012 using Li-Fi.
 By August 2013, data rates of over 1.6 Gbit/s were demonstrated over
a single color LED.
 In September 2013, a press release said that Li-Fi, or VLC systems in
general, do not require line-of-sight conditions.
 In October 2013, it was reported Chinese manufacturers were working
on Li-Fi development kits.
 Philips lighting company has developed a VLC system for
shoppers at stores. They have to download an app on their
smartphone and then their smartphone works with the LEDs in the
store. The LEDs can pinpoint where they are at in the store and give
them corresponding coupons and information based on where aisle
they are on and what they are looking at.
10

11. Present Scenario
 VLC technology is ready right now; it's being installed in
museums and businesses across France, and is being
embraced by EDF, one of the nation's largest utilities.
 The First VLC smartphone prototype was
presented at the Consumer Electronics Show in Las
Vegas from January 7–10 in 2014.
 The phone uses SunPartner's Wysips CONNECT. A
clear thin layer of crystal glass can be added to small
screens like watches and smartphones that make
them solar powered. Smartphones could gain 15%
more battery life during a typical day. This first
smartphones using this technology should arrive in
2015. This screen can also work to receive VLC signals
and so can the smartphone camera.
 The cost of these screens per smartphone is between
$2 and $3, much cheaper than most new
technology.
11

12. Why LIFI?
12

13. Present Scenario
More than 338 MillionMore than 1.8 Million
13

14. Issues Regarding Radio Spectrum
Capacity
Efficiency Security
Availability
14

15. Different Electromagnetic
Spectrums and their potentiality
Radio
Waves
Infrared Visible Ultraviolet X Rays Gamma
Rays
In
sufficient
spectrum
for
increasing
data
Low power
application
Which is
not used
so far.
Dangerous
for human
body
Used for
hospitals
and
security
checking
It is not
used
generally
15

16. How LIFI
works?
16

17.  White LED light bulbs: Li-Fi is typically implemented using white LED light bulbs at the
downlink transmitter which normally used for illumination only by applying a constant
current.
 Optical output is varied at extremely high speed: The LEDs can be switched on and off very
quickly which gives nice opportunity for data transfer in the form of Binary code. Hence, by
fast and subtle variations of the current, the optical output can be made to vary at
extremely high speeds. This very property of optical current is used in Li-Fi setup.
 Operational Procedure: The operational procedure is very simple-, if the LED is on, you
transmit a digital 1, if it’s off you transmit a 0.
 Hence it is possible to encode the data into the LED’s by using a controller ,we just have to
vary at which LED’s flicker depending on the data we want to encode to give different
strings of 0’s and 1’s.
 UK researches say that using a micro-LED light bulb they have achieved a data transmission
speed of 10Gbps using LI-FI.
17

18. Non technical Perspective
 10,000 times as broad a spectrum as the radio frequencies which Wi-Fi
uses: Visible light has 10,000 times as broad a spectrum as the radio
frequencies which Wi-Fi uses, allowing for much more bandwidth, once
tapped.
 Light bulbs are made to flicker at extremely high speed that human eye
can’t detect: This is accomplished by the flickering of LED light bulbs to
create binary code (on = 1, off = 0), and is done at higher rates than the
human eye can detect.
 Shed a couple of extra bucks on the lighting solution and get an
incredibly fast internet connection: Which basically means “The more LEDs
in your lamp, the more data it can process, and by shedding a couple of
extra bucks on the lighting solutions of your housing or office you’re
getting an incredibly fast and secure internet connection.”
18

19. Properties of LIFI
 Light-based Wi-Fi: LIFI uses light instead of radio waves to transmit
information. And instead of Wi-Fi modems, Li-Fi would use
transceiver-fitted LED lamps that can light a room as well as transmit
and receive information. Since simple light bulbs are used, there can
technically be any number of access points.
 Unutilized electromagnetic spectrum is used: This technology uses a
part of the electromagnetic spectrum that is still not greatly utilized.
The Visible Spectrum.
 No major ill effect: Light is in fact very much part of our lives for
millions and millions of years and does not have any major ill effect.
19

20. Components of a
LIFI
Communication
System
20

21. Source
A high brightness white LED, acts as a communication source It’s
guided by the PCB and powered by PA and is enclosed in an aluminum
enclosure
 Bulb: The high concentration of energy in the electric field vaporizes the
contents of the bulb to a plasma state at the bulb’s center; this controlled
plasma generates an intense source of light.
 RF power amplifier circuit (PA): An RF (radio-frequency) signal is generated
by the solid-state PA(Power Amplifier) and is guided into an electric field
about the bulb.
 Printed circuit board (PCB): The PCB controls the electrical inputs and
outputs of the lamp and houses the microcontroller used to manage
different lamp functions.
 Enclosure: All of these subassemblies are contained in an aluminum
enclosure
21

22. Receiver
 A silicon photodiode, which shows good response to visible
wavelength region serving as the receiving element.
22

23. LIFI
Networks
23

24. LIFI Network
 A few additional features required to provide the same
qualities as an RF-based wireless network: A wireless local
area network based on Li-Fi technology needs some additional
features to provide the same qualities as an RF-based wireless
network, without losing the main advantages Li-Fi technology is able
to provide.
 The missing links for a fully developed Li-Fi WLAN are elaborated in
the next few slides
24

25. The Li-Fi room connector
 Optical signals can’t penetrate walls: Optical signals, obviously
they can’t penetrate walls. How to the offence of many this is an
advantage (relation to security issues). However, in order to provide an
optical wireless local area network, rooms needs to be connected with
each other. This is achieved via the Li-Fi room connector.
 Li-Fi room connector is a replicator who sends the data
stream from one side of the wall to the other side of the
wall via an optical fibre cable: The Li-Fi room connector is a
replicator who sends the data stream from one side of the wall to the
other side of the wall via an optical fibre cable, which is connecting the
two room connectors on each side of the wall. With smaller rooms, the
Li-Fi room connector might be sufficient as the only Li-Fi hotspot in the
room.
25

26. 26

27. The LIFI Router
 Serves as connection to the external link:
The Li-Fi router is the networks connection to the
external link (fibre optic cable, DSL, GigE, etc.).
 Useful for small office or home use with
cloud & server functions: The application is
mainly useful for small office or home use with
cloud & server functions.
 Covers a radius of 20 meters with a
100 Mbps transmission speed: It
connects office and/or entertainment
equipment and covers a radius of 20 meters
with a 100 Mbps transmission speed.
 The product is however developed to a proof-
of-concept stage.
27

28. AN IMPLEMENTATION OF LIFI TECHNOLOGY
LIFI Cloud
28

29.  Software solutions enabling the user of controlling all the
features within a data centric Li--Fi environment: The Li-Fi
cloud is a software solutions enabling the user of controlling all the
features within a data centric Li--Fi environment. Part of this software
has been developed already in connection with the developments of
the Li-Fi applications we offer per today.
 Local optical communication network with local data cloud
structure and in house server/router: It’s basically local optical
communication network with local data cloud structure and in house
server/router
 Data rates: It includes "on the move" data transfer at 100 Mbit/s,
including Giga Speed data transfer and reception up to10 Gbit/s
 It includes security features
 Energy saving/environmental features: It includes energy
saving/environmental features, controlled, for example, by optical
smart phone
29

30. Features
 Connects all office and entertainment equipment
 Controls all data and entertainment equipment via smartphone
 Displays all files on any screen (TV,PC, etc.)
 Supports file access from any point + and via any device
 Stores all data in one central server/computer
 Supports data transfer and reception at 10 Gbit/s
 Supports "on the move" data transfer at 100 Mbit/s
 Monitors the entire optical network area
 Detects motion in the entire optical network area if wanted
 Controls all security features via smart phone
 Controls lighting via smart phone
 Supports control of heating
 Supports control of any connected electrical equipment
 Supports energy saving/environmental features via smart phone
 Bridges disparate data formats
 Connects your local cloud to external line (fiberoptic, GigE, ADSL, etc.)
30

31. Uses
 Private home wireless data network with local cloud &
server function: It can be used in private home wireless data
network with local cloud & server function
 Corporate wireless data network with local cloud &
server function: It also has wide applications in corporate wireless
data network with local cloud & server function
31

32. A Typical block diagram of LIFI Cloud 32

33. Technical
ComparisonLIFI AND OTHER LEADING NETWORKING TECHNOLOGY
33

34. Technology Speed Data Density
Wired
Fire Wire 800Mbps *****
USB 3.0 5 Gbps *****
Thunderbolt 2x 10Gbps *****
Wireless(Current)
WIFI (IEEE 802.11N) 150 Mbps *
Bluetooth 3 Mbps *
IrDA 4 Mbps ***
Wireless(Future)
Wi-Gig 2 Gbps **
Giga-IR 1Gbps ***
34

35. Applicatio
ns
of
LIFI
35

36. Hospitals 36

37. Hospitals
 Places where Wi-Fi isn’t allowed due to radiation
concerns: LIFI can be used in operating rooms where Wi-Fi isn’t
allowed due to radiation concerns.
 In invasive bio medical instruments: It may also be used in
invasive bio medical instruments where it’s not safe to use other
radio frequencies
37

38. Avoidance of Street Accidents 38

39. In Vehicles and Traffic Lights
 Avoidance of Accidents:
 LIFI is sensors can be implanted in street lights, possible
sending your car info about road conditions other
warnings: One of the smartest application of LIFI is sensors can be
implanted in street lights, possible sending your car info about road
conditions, warning you about the guy you can’t see speeding towards the
intersection, or instantly transmitting his plate number to the cops when he
does.
 Sensors implanted in front and rear bumpers could receive
data transmitted from rear lights of other car: Sensors implanted
in front and rear bumpers could receive data transmitted from rear lights of
the car just veered into your lane while you were texting. Both drivers are
warned (or may be the car takes over) and the accident is averted.
39

40. Product Retailing 40

41. Product Retailing
 High speed web access through lighting in malls a
customer can passively gather data about reviews and
pricing of any product on display: With high speed web
access through lighting in malls a customer can passively gather
data about reviews and pricing and ultimately walk out the door
with the item they might otherwise paused at for a moment.
 Service of secure high speed connection to simulate
your experience researching and purchasing at home:
Not only is Li-Fi able to make the process less intrusive than say, QR
codes, but it provides you the service of secure high speed
connection to simulate your experience researching and
purchasing at home.
41

42. Offices 42

43. Offices
 Alternative to Optical Fibres: A common problem within offices
is that fiber optic cable can’t afforded yet high speed internet is
required. Li-Fi cheaply solves the office Internet woes and adds a
layer of security to boot.
 100 Mbps connections.
 Encoded Transmissions: Plus, added encoded transmissions.
43

44. Web Access in Flights 44

45. Lecture Halls 45

46. Lecture Halls/ Seminars
 Downloading notes from blogs of respective teachers:
Often we encounter teachers telling us to download lecture notes
from their blog in my time. With LIFI the notes could be downloaded
by the students in the hall itself, so that they could follow along as
the lecture progressed.
 Interactive classroom with interconnected devices:
Imagine how interactive the classroom could be with real-time
interconnectivity between 500 devices.
 Sharing questions not only with teachers but the entire
class: Sharing questions with not only the teacher but the entire
class, and no one need be left behind.
46

47. Incorporation of LIFI Sensors in Light
Posts
47

48. Incorporation of LIFI Sensors in Light
Posts
 News Updates
 Updates about Natural Calamity: It could keep us informed & save
lives. Say there’s an earthquake in Kolkata or a cyclone. The average
people of Kolkata may not know what the protocols are for those kinds
of disasters. Until they pass under a street light, that is has a LIFI
transmitter making them aware of the necessary details through their
smart phones.
 Emergency Communication in Subway stations and tunnels,
and other common dead zones: With Li-Fi, if there’s light, one can
be online. Subway stations and tunnels, common dead zones for most
emergency communications, pose no obstruction.
 Cheap high-speed Web access to every street corner: In times less
stressing cities could opt to provide cheap high-speed Web access to
every street corner.
48

49. Smart Museums 49

50. Smart Museums
 Deliver much more information on pieces in their
collection than those tiny cards they paste: Li-Fi could
enable a museum to deliver much more information on pieces in
their collection than those tiny cards they paste to the walls could
ever dream of.
 Learn about the artist’s history, listen to an audio tour,
peruse recent auctions of their work, etc: It would be
possible to learn about the artist’s history, listen to an audio tour,
peruse recent auctions of their work.
50

51. 51