Orthopedic Splints and Casts- Subhadeep PGModules.pptx
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This slide comprises of the various important Splints and Casts asked frequently in NEET Examinations
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Orthopedic Splints and Casts- Subhadeep PGModules.pptx
- 1. SPLINTS TRACTIONS & CASTS IN ORTHOPEDICS By: Dr. Subhadeep (PG Resident MD Emergency Medicine)
- 2. UPPER ARM
- 3. Aeroplane Splint Indication: Brachial Plexus Injury
- 5. Co-aptation Splint Indication: # Shaft Humerus
- 6. U-Cast/ Hanging Cast Indication: # Shaft Humerus U-slab: It is a U-shaped slab. This type of slab is used along with the triangular sling. The U-slab can be removed within 6-8 weeks when the Fracture is united. Hanging cast: The hanging cast is used if there is a Fracture in the lower-third of the Humerus. The weight of the limb and the cast provides sufficient traction so that the Fracture gets aligned
- 7. Dunlopâs Skin & Skeletal Traction Indication: # Supra Condylar Humerus
- 8. WRIST & HAND
- 9. Cock Up Splint Indication: Wrist Drop (Radial Nv Palsy)
- 10. Dynamic Cock Up Splint Indication: Wrist Drop (Radial Nv Palsy)
- 11. Knuckle Bender Splint Indication: Claw Hand Ulnar Nv Palsy + Median Nerve Palsy But Ulnar> Median Nerve Palsy
- 12. Turn Buckle Splint Indication: Volkmanâs Ischaemic Contacture
- 13. Aluminum Splint Indication: Extra Articular # Phalanges
- 15. Mallet Splint Indication: Mallet Finger DIP Joint Kept in Hyper Extension
- 16. Thumb Spica Indication: ⢠Gamekeeper's thumb ⢠Osteoarthritis ⢠de Quervain's syndrome
- 17. SPINAL CORD
- 18. Splints Casts and Tractions for Spinal Cord ďą Minerva Cast ďą Crutch Field Tongs ďą Gardenwellâs Traction ďą Risers Cast
- 19. Minerva Cast Indication: Cervical Spine Injury
- 20. Crutch Field Tongs Cervical Spine Injury
- 21. Gardenwellâs Traction Indication: Cervical Spine Injury
- 24. Milwaukee brace Indication: Scoliosis or Kyphosis
- 25. HIP
- 26. Splints Casts and Tractions for DDH ďą Von Rosenâs Splint ďą Pavlik Harness ďą Frog-leg Cast ďą Lorentâs Cast ďą Bachelorâs Cast
- 28. Pavlik Harness
- 29. Pavlik Harness
- 30. Frog Leg Cast
- 31. Loren Zâs Cast LorenZâ s Cast Bachelors Cast
- 33. Hip Spica
- 34. Half Hip Spica
- 35. Bucks Skin Traction Indication: #Femur # Leg
- 36. Russellâs Skin Traction Indication: #Femur # Leg
- 37. Bryant's Skin Traction Indication: # Femur Congenital Hip Abnomalities
- 38. Gallows Traction Modified overhead skin traction Indication: # Shaft Femur Given in <2 yrs age/ <12kg Body Weight Gallows traction (overhead Bryant skin traction) is useful for children younger than 2 years who weigh 10-12 kg for Fracture shaft of femur. The traction should be enough to just lift the buttocks of the child off the bed. Careful examination of the neurovascular status of the extremity is mandatory in the early period. Older children have a risk of compartment syndrome , vascular insufficiency, peroneal nerve palsy, and skin breakdown when treated with this method.
- 39. Cylinder Cast/ Tube Cast Indication: # Patella
- 40. PTB Cast Patellar Tendon Bearing Cast Indication: # Shaft Tibia
- 41. Ankle Foot Orthosis Indication: Foot Drop
- 42. Dennis Brown Splint Indication: CTEV
- 43. Milwaukee shoulder It is an extremely destructive arthropathy of the elderly, characterized by intraarticular or periarticular hydroxyapatite crystals and rapid destruction of the rotator cuff and the glenohumeral joint. See this case that appeared in NEJM, that of an 85 year old lady.Panel A was the X-ray finding at initial presentation when she presented with right shoulder pain & hematoma. Arthocentesis yielded a hemorrhagic non-inflammatory fluid..Culture was negative and no evidence of malignancy on cytological analysis. Alizarin red staining of the synovial fluid yielded hydroxyapatitie crystals.See Panel B for X-ray taken after 3 months showing complete destruction of the humeral head
Hinweis der Redaktion
-  Gamekeeper's thumb, osteoarthritis, de Quervain's syndrome, scaphoid fracture, thumb sprains, post-operative use, and post-removal of casting of the hand/thumb.
- A hip spica cast is a sort of orthopedic cast used to immobilize the hip or thigh. It is used to facilitate healing of injured hip joints or of fractured femurs. A hip spica includes the trunk of the body and one or both legs. A hip spica which covers only one leg to the ankle or foot may be referred to as a single hip spica, while one which covers both legs is called a double hip spica. Aone-and-a-half hip spica encases one leg to the ankle or foot and the other to just above the knee. The extent to which the hip spica covers the trunk depends greatly on the injury and the surgeon; the spica may extend only to the navel, allowing mobility of the spine and the possibility of walking with the aid of crutches, or may extend to the rib cage or even to the armpits in some rare cases. Hip spicas were formerly common in reducing femoral fractures, but today are rarely used except for congenital hip dislocations, and then mostly while the child is still an infant. In some cases, a hip spica may only extend down one or more legs to above the knee. Such casts, called pantaloon casts, are occasionally seen to immobilize an injured lumbar spine or pelvis, in which case the trunk portion of the cast usually extends to the armpits.
- Bryant's traction is a form of orthopedic traction. It is mainly used in young children who have fractures of the femur or congenital abnormalities of the hip. Both the patient's limbs are suspended in the air vertically at a ninety degree angle from the hips and knees slightly flexed.