2. THE SUGAR INDUSTRY OF INDIA
• India is the accredited birthplace of sugarcane and sugather. India is an
important exporter of sugar up to the latter part of 19th century but from the
beginning of the 20th century,the Indian sugar industry began to decline because
of the competition of java sugar industry.
• India now began to import large quantities of sugar. The industry, however,
received a great impetus after the grant of protection in 1931.Since then the
industry is making continuous progress. Thus from 29 factories in 1931,the
number of factories rose to 138 in 1950 and to 396 in 1990.
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3. LOCATION OF SUGAR INDUSTRY
• The sugar industry is a material-oriented industry and is usually located in the
midst of sugarcane producing areas. These are because of the Following
reasons :-
1. Sugarcane is a weight losing raw material – about 10 tones of sugarcane
make only one tone of sugar. Hence the cost of transporting sugarcane far
exceeds the cost of transporting sugar and the location of industry near the
source of raw material is highly economically.
2. Industry must be located near cane producing areas to get more sugar juice.
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4. CONTD…
1. The price of the cane constitutes more than 50% of the cost of the
sugar ,and this also influences the location of industry near the source of
raw materials.
2. The industry is not tied to the sources of the power ,like coal or
electricity because biogases, the waste of sugarcane , is used as fuel
.Therefore, the industry can b easily located near the source of raw
materials.
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5. PRODUCTION STATES OF SUGAR
INDUSTRY
• The sugar industry is mainly confined to Eastern Uttar Pradesh and North Bihar
which are the principal sugarcane producing areas of the country. Out of the
314 sugar factories in 1980-81 ,90 factories were in Uttar Pradesh and 28 in
Bihar.
• Uttar Pradesh-In U.P the factories are located in Kanur, Gorakhpur, Meerut,
Lucknow, Allahabad, Deoria, Basti, Barabanki, Gonda etc.These factories
account for nearly 20% sugar production of the country.
• In Bihar, the important centers of sugar production are Champaran, saran,
Mazaffarpur, Darbhanga, Bhagalpur.They produce about 6% of the total sugar
produced in India.
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6. Contd….
• The sugar industry in the Southern States of Maharastra, Karnataka, Andhra-
pradesh and Tamil Nadu is a recent development.
• In Maharashtra, there are 77 factories( According to 1990 data) located mostly in
Ahmednagar, Kolhapur, Nasik, Poona( now pune) and Sholapur districts.
• The Sugar industry of Andhra Pradesh is developed in the coastal districts of
Krishna, East and West Godavari and around Hyderabad,Vijaywada, Pithpuram are
the main centers.
• In Tamilnadu the principal sugar producing areas are Coimbatore,
Ramanathapuram and South Arco.
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7. PROBLEMS OF INDIAN SUGAR
INDUSTRY
• The main problems of the Indian sugar industry lie in its high cost of
production.
1. Old and inefficient methods of production.
2. Small and uneconomic size of factories.
3. No proper utilization of by products like molasses and biogases.
4. Difficulty of concentrating cultivation around the central factory. Besides
,high prices of cane high state texation,heavy rents of land and great waste
in refining also increase the cost of production
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