Bie bv l-260215

Faculty of Business and EconomicsFaculty of Business and Economics
BI-ELAT EVENT
EINDHOVEN 26-02-2015
Alberto Peretti, University of Pisa
Elisa Van Den Bosch, KU Leuven
Jan Demol, KU Leuven
Xiaoyan Song, Ecoom, KU Leuven
Prof. Bart Van Looy, KU Leuven (Faculty of Economics &
Business; Department MSI)

Faculty of Business and Economics
Content
Stylized Facts & Figures (Technology)
•  Overall Ranking ELAT regions (1990 – 2012)
•  Texture & Main players
•  Profile (Specialization – Relative strengths)
•  Collaboration patterns
Conclusions

Data
•  EPO Applications
•  Time period: 1990 – 2010/2012
•  Allocation (to regions): based on inventor and/or applicant
•  Total numbers versus Normalized figures (per capita)
•  Specialization profiles: based on ISI FhG Technology classification (n= 35) – RTA
indices
•  Collaboration: Salton measure (and absolute measures)
•  EU27: Nuts2 Regions (Total: 322) – with ‘visible’ patent activity: 265 (hence: Top
25 ~ Pc. 90)

Overall Ranking (Absolute : 1/2)
Rank 1990 1995 2000 2005 08+09+10+11+12 CAPITA
2012
1 Île
de
France Île
de
France Île
de
France Île
de
France Île
de
France 11,916,978.00

2 Düsseldorf Darmstadt Oberbayern Stuttgart Stuttgart 4,016,012.00

3 Darmstadt Düsseldorf Stuttgart Oberbayern Oberbayern 4,430,706.00

4 Oberbayern Oberbayern Darmstadt Karlsruhe Karlsruhe 2,751,907.00

5 Köln Stuttgart Düsseldorf Darmstadt Düsseldorf 5,157,467.00

6 Stuttgart Köln Köln Köln Darmstadt 3,835,592.00

7 Karlsruhe Karlsruhe Karlsruhe Noord-‐Brabant Rhône-‐Alpes 6,339,521.00

8 Rheinhessen-‐Pfalz Rheinhessen-‐Pfalz Noord-‐Brabant Düsseldorf Köln 4,407,275.00

9 Lombardia Rhône-‐Alpes Rheinhessen-‐Pfalz Rhône-‐Alpes Noord-‐Brabant 2,463,686.00

10 Rhône-‐Alpes Lombardia Lombardia Rheinhessen-‐Pfalz Lombardia 9,700,881.00

11 Noord-‐Brabant Freiburg Rhône-‐Alpes Lombardia Freiburg 2,207,106.00

12 Freiburg Arnsberg Freiburg Freiburg Rheinhessen-‐Pfalz 2,008,840.00

13 Arnsberg Noord-‐Brabant Arnsberg Tübingen Tübingen 1,811,202.00

14 Mittelfranken Tübingen Tübingen Mittelfranken Mittelfranken 1,719,494.00

15 Tübingen Mittelfranken Mittelfranken Arnsberg Arnsberg 3,645,437.00

16 Piemonte Stockholm Stockholm Berlin Berlin 3,501,872.00

17 Münster Emilia-‐Romagna Helsinki-‐Uusimaa Stockholm Stockholm 2,091,473.00

18 Berkshire,
Buckinghamshire
and
OxfordshireSchwaben Braunschweig Unterfranken Schwaben 1,789,294.00

19 Schwaben Berkshire,
Buckinghamshire
and
OxfordshireBerlin Emilia-‐Romagna Detmold 2,034,163.00

20 Zuid-‐Holland Münster Berkshire,
Buckinghamshire
and
OxfordshireHelsinki-‐Uusimaa Münster 2,597,614.00

21 Berlin Zuid-‐Holland Schwaben Schwaben Emilia-‐Romagna 4,341,240.00

22 Hannover Piemonte Emilia-‐Romagna Hovedstaden Helsinki-‐Uusimaa 1,549,058.00

23 Bedfordshire
and
HertfordshireBerlin Hannover Münster Unterfranken 1,314,910.00

24 Emilia-‐Romagna East
Anglia East
Anglia Piemonte Hannover 2,137,489.00

25 Schleswig-‐Holstein Unterfranken Münster Surrey,
East
and
West
SussexBerkshire,
Buckinghamshire
and
Oxfordshire2,285,445.00

26 Surrey,
East
and
West
SussexHelsinki-‐Uusimaa Detmold East
Anglia Provence-‐Alpes-‐Côte
d'Azur 4,927,578.00

27 Provence-‐Alpes-‐Côte
d'AzurHovedstaden Unterfranken Berkshire,
Buckinghamshire
and
OxfordshireOberpfalz 1,081,536.00

28 Stockholm Prov
Antwerpen Zuid-‐Holland Zuid-‐Holland Schleswig-‐Holstein 2,837,641.00

29 East
Anglia Hamburg Hovedstaden Veneto Zuid-‐Holland 3,552,407.00

Overall Ranking (Absolute 2/2) – CARO – EERSTE
RIJ NOG TOEVOEGEN!
30 Unterfranken Surrey,
East
and
West
SussexGloucestershire,
Wiltshire
and
Bristol/Bath
areaVästsverige Hovedstaden 1,714,589.00

31 Outer
London Hannover Schleswig-‐Holstein Hannover Sydsverige 1,405,912.00

32 Hamburg Gloucestershire,
Wiltshire
and
Bristol/Bath
areaPiemonte Detmold Veneto 4,853,657.00

33 Veneto Outer
London Sydsverige Hamburg Hamburg 1,798,836.00

34 Koblenz Västsverige Västsverige Schleswig-‐Holstein East
Anglia 2,404,415.00

35 Braunschweig Provence-‐Alpes-‐Côte
d'AzurSurrey,
East
and
West
SussexOberpfalz Piemonte 4,357,663.00

36 Detmold Gießen Provence-‐Alpes-‐Côte
d'AzurProvence-‐Alpes-‐Côte
d'AzurSurrey,
East
and
West
Sussex 2,755,118.00

37 Noord-‐Holland Veneto Oberpfalz Sydsverige Brandenburg 2,495,635.00

38 Alsace Koblenz Hamburg Prov
Antwerpen Östra
Mellansverige 1,578,097.00

39 Gießen Schleswig-‐Holstein Koblenz Alsace Alsace 1,857,115.00

40 Gloucestershire,
Wiltshire
and
Bristol/Bath
areaDetmold Länsi-‐Suomi Cataluña Gloucestershire,
Wiltshire
and
Bristol/Bath
area2,361,987.00

41 Hovedstaden Centre
(FR) Prov
Vlaams-‐Brabant Brandenburg Cataluña 7,514,991.00

42 Gelderland Sydsverige Veneto Länsi-‐Suomi Västsverige 1,892,328.00

43 Lüneburg Noord-‐Holland Outer
London Koblenz Bretagne 3,239,659.00

44 Picardie Östra
Mellansverige Alsace Braunschweig Weser-‐Ems 2,480,320.00

45 Västsverige Alsace Bedfordshire
and
HertfordshireNoord-‐Holland Oberfranken 1,067,408.00

46 Helsinki-‐Uusimaa Prov
Vlaams-‐Brabant Östra
Mellansverige Gloucestershire,
Wiltshire
and
Bristol/Bath
areaLüneburg 1,689,713.00

47 Prov
Antwerpen Lüneburg Lüneburg Östra
Mellansverige Braunschweig 1,605,980.00

48 Centre
(FR) Bedfordshire
and
HertfordshireHampshire
and
Isle
of
WightGelderland Prov
Vlaams-‐Brabant 1,097,210.00

49 Bourgogne Oberfranken Noord-‐Holland Inner
London Thüringen 2,221,222.00

50 Prov
Vlaams-‐Brabant Hampshire
and
Isle
of
WightOberfranken Midi-‐Pyrénées Midi-‐Pyrénées 2,925,533.00

51 Östra
Mellansverige Gelderland Prov
Antwerpen Gießen Oberösterreich 1,413,866.00

52 Weser-‐Ems Wien Gießen Bretagne Koblenz 1,477,289.00

53 Lazio Braunschweig Centre
(FR) Lüneburg Prov
Antwerpen 1,791,024.00

54 Hampshire
and
Isle
of
WightPicardie Inner
London Weser-‐Ems Niederbayern 1,192,543.00

55 Lorraine Cataluña Gelderland Hampshire
and
Isle
of
WightNoord-‐Holland 2,709,822.00

56 Oberösterreich Cheshire Weser-‐Ems Prov
Vlaams-‐Brabant Dresden 1,624,098.00

57 Sydsverige Lorraine Dresden Oberfranken Inner
London 3,263,244.00

58 Oberfranken Midi-‐Pyrénées Niederbayern Wien Gelderland 2,010,745.00

59 Wien Etelä-‐Suomi Essex Prov
Oost-‐Vlaanderen Midtjylland 1,266,682.00

60 Essex Bourgogne Utrecht Bedfordshire
and
HertfordshireHampshire
and
Isle
of
Wight 1,908,498.00

Relative ranking
Rank 1990 1995 2000 2005 08+09+10+11+12 CAPITA
2012
1 Rheinhessen-‐PfalzRheinhessen-‐Pfalz Oberbayern Karlsruhe Karlsruhe 2,751,907

2 Darmstadt Darmstadt Prov
Brabant
Wallon Noord-‐Brabant Stuttgart 4,016,012

3 Karlsruhe Karlsruhe Stuttgart Stuttgart Vorarlberg 370,926

4 Oberbayern Stuttgart Noord-‐Brabant Rheinhessen-‐Pfalz Mittelfranken 1,719,494

5 Stuttgart Oberbayern Rheinhessen-‐Pfalz Tübingen Tübingen 1,811,202

6 Noord-‐Brabant Tübingen Karlsruhe Oberbayern Oberbayern 4,430,706

7 Mittelfranken Köln Helsinki-‐Uusimaa Freiburg Rheinhessen-‐Pfalz 2,008,840

8 Köln Mittelfranken Darmstadt Mittelfranken Freiburg 2,207,106

9 Düsseldorf Freiburg Tübingen Unterfranken Noord-‐Brabant 2,463,686

10 Freiburg Stockholm Freiburg Darmstadt Oberpfalz 1,081,536

11 Tübingen Düsseldorf Mittelfranken Helsinki-‐Uusimaa Unterfranken 1,314,910

12 Île
de
France Unterfranken Stockholm Prov
Brabant
Wallon Darmstadt 3,835,592

13 Schwaben Helsinki-‐Uusimaa Braunschweig Oberpfalz Prov
Brabant
Wallon 386,836

14 Gießen Prov
Brabant
Wallon Köln Vorarlberg Schwaben 1,789,294

15 Bedfordshire
and
HertfordshireNoord-‐Brabant Unterfranken Köln Stockholm 2,091,473

16 Unterfranken Schwaben Oberpfalz Schwaben Helsinki-‐Uusimaa 1,549,058

17 Berkshire,
Buckinghamshire
and
OxfordshireGießen Prov
Vlaams-‐Brabant Stockholm Sydsverige 1,405,912

18 Rhône-‐Alpes Île
de
France Schwaben Sydsverige Oberfranken 1,067,408

19 Koblenz Prov
Vlaams-‐Brabant Sydsverige Gießen Köln 4,407,275

20 Vorarlberg Prov
Antwerpen Düsseldorf Prov
Vlaams-‐Brabant Detmold 2,034,163

21 Prov
Vlaams-‐BrabantBerkshire,
Buckinghamshire
and
OxfordshireVorarlberg Düsseldorf Prov
Vlaams-‐Brabant 1,097,210

22 Stockholm Vorarlberg Berkshire,
Buckinghamshire
and
OxfordshireOberfranken Düsseldorf 5,157,467

23 Münster Hamburg Gießen Länsi-‐Suomi Hovedstaden 1,714,589

24 Prov
Brabant
WallonSydsverige Oberfranken Västsverige Östra
Mellansverige 1,578,097

25 Arnsberg Rhône-‐Alpes Länsi-‐Suomi Hamburg Niederbayern 1,192,543

ELAT Texture – SOMETHING WRONG
WITH 2008 – ELISA/Xiao Yan – 17%
Individuals…
1990 1995 2000 2005 2008
Europe COMPANY 85.08% 85.21% 85.04% 86.08% 76.45%
GOV
NON-‐PROFIT 3.10% 2.62% 2.71% 3.13% 3.31%
INDIVIDUAL 11.43% 11.37% 10.83% 8.52% 17.34%
UNIVERSITY 0.39% 0.80% 1.42% 2.28% 2.90%
Top
25 COMPANY 87.58% 87.98% 88.28% 89.53% 88.69%
GOV
NON-‐PROFIT 3.83% 3.45% 3.68% 4.16% 4.91%
INDIVIDUAL 8.50% 8.44% 7.76% 5.43% 5.09%
UNIVERSITY 0.10% 0.13% 0.28% 0.89% 1.31%
ELAT
(3) COMPANY 92.97% 91.72% 89.61% 90.17% 89.22%
GOV
NON-‐PROFIT 2.17% 2.00% 2.74% 3.21% 3.06%
INDIVIDUAL 4.77% 5.71% 5.90% 3.53% 3.79%
UNIVERSITY 0.09% 0.57% 1.74% 3.09% 3.93%
Ratio
ELAT/Top25 COMPANY 1.06 1.04 1.02 1.01 1.01
GOV
NON-‐PROFIT 0.57 0.58 0.75 0.77 0.62
INDIVIDUAL 0.56 0.68 0.76 0.65 0.74
UNIVERSITY 0.89 4.29 6.27 3.48 3.00

Elat Texture: Different profiles
BE24 COMPANY 68% 55% 48% 53% 60%
GOV
NON-‐PROFIT 5% 5% 2% 0% 0%
INDIVIDUAL 22% 14% 6% 4% 2%
UNIVERSITY 5% 27% 43% 43% 38%
DEA2 COMPANY 90% 89% 83% 78% 82%
GOV
NON-‐PROFIT 4% 3% 6% 11% 7%
INDIVIDUAL 6% 8% 11% 10% 8%
UNIVERSITY 0% 0% 0% 1% 3%
NL41 COMPANY 98% 98% 98% 98% 98%
GOV
NON-‐PROFIT 0% 0% 0% 0% 1%
INDIVIDUAL 2% 3% 2% 1% 1%
UNIVERSITY 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%

Top Applicants Vlaams-Brabant (Inventors)
RANK PUBLN_AUTHELAT 1990-‐2012 NUTS2 Name PAT_CNT
1 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 BE24 IMEC
(INTERUNIVERSITY
MICROELECTRONICS
CENTRE) 892
2 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 BE24 ELECTROLUX
HOME
PRODUCTS
CORPORATION 571
3 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 BE24 KATHOLIEKE
UNIVERSITEIT
LEUVEN 395
4 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 BE24 TYCO
ELECTRONICS
RAYCHEM 155
5 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 BE24 RAYCHEM
CORPORATION 89
6 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 BE24 PURATOS 56
7 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 BE24 PROTON
WORLD
INTERNATIONAL 39
8 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 BE24 VAILLANT 37
9 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 BE24 STMICROELECTRONICS 31
10 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 BE24 LIFE
SCIENCES
RESEARCH
PARTNERS 27
11 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 BE24 REDCO 25
12 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 BE24 AMCOR
FLEXIBLES
TRANSPAC 24
13 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 BE24 SONY
SERVICE
CENTRE
(EUROPE) 23
14 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 BE24 BAYER
CROPSCIENCE 22
15 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 BE24 OPTION 21
16 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 BE24 INBEV 18
16 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 BE24 MATERIALISE 18
17 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 BE24 ICOS
VISION
SYSTEMS 17
18 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 BE24 PLAKABETON 16
19 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 BE24 D.
COLLEN
RESEARCH
FOUNDATION 14
20 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 BE24 REGA
STICHTING
VZW. 10
20 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 BE24 THROMBOGENICS 10
20 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 BE24 MATERIALISE
DENTAL 10

Top Applicants Noord-Brabant
1 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 NL41 PHILIPS
ELECTRONICS 26124
2 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 NL41 NXP
SEMICONDUCTORS 2791
3 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 NL41 ASML
NETHERLANDS 888
4 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 NL41 SABIC
INNOVATIVE
PLASTICS
IP 541
5 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 NL41 BERG
ELECTRONICS
MANUFACTURING 196
6 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 NL41 INTERVET
INTERNATIONAL 154
7 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 NL41 ORGANON 140
8 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 NL41 ASML
HOLDING 128
8 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 NL41 WHIRLPOOL
EUROPE 128
9 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 NL41 VAN
DOORNE'S
TRANSMISSIE 119
10 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 NL41 FUJIFILM
MANUFACTURING
EUROPE 93
11 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 NL41 STORK
PMT 76
12 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 NL41 FUJIFILM
CORPORATION 70
13 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 NL41 STICHTING
DUTCH
POLYMER
INSTITUTE 66
14 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 NL41 TYCO
ELECTRONICS
NEDERLAND 62
14 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 NL41 EINDHOVEN
UNIVERSITY
OF
TECHNOLOGY 62
15 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 NL41 IMEC
(INTERUNIVERSITY
MICROELECTRONICS
CENTRE) 58
16 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 NL41 ASML
MASKTOOLS 55
17 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 NL41 VANDERLANDE
INDUSTRIES
NEDERLAND 52
18 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 NL41 PAMGENE 49
19 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 NL41 POLYMER
VISION 48
20 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 NL41 OTB
GROUP 45

Top Applicants Köln
1 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 DEA2 BAYER 4814
2 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 DEA2 BAYER
MATERIALSCIENCE 1493
3 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 DEA2 DEUTSCHE
TELEKOM 1087
4 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 DEA2 FORD-‐WERKE 836
5 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 DEA2 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM
JUELICH 822
6 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 DEA2 LANXESS
DEUTSCHLAND 710
7 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 DEA2 DEUTSCHES
ZENTRUM
FUER
LUFT-‐
UND
RAUMFAHRT 665
HEALTHCARE 451
9 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 DEA2 BASELL
POLYOLEFINE 449
10 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 DEA2 GRUENENTHAL 436
11 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 DEA2 EMITEC 415
12 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 DEA2 PHILIPS
INTELLECTUAL
PROPERTY
&
STANDARDS 333
13 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 DEA2 AGFA-‐GEVAERT 323
14 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 DEA2 JOHNSON
CONTROLS 280
15 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 DEA2 DEUTSCHE
POST 257
16 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 DEA2 MOELLER 218
TECHNOLOGY
SERVICES 181
18 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 DEA2 T-‐MOBILE
DEUTSCHLAND 174
19 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 DEA2 BPW
BERGISCHE
ACHSEN 139
20 EP ELAT 1990-‐2012 DEA2 DEUTZ 133

Specialization Patterns RTA 1998
3 regions
-‐1

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40

BE24

DEA2

NL41

1 Electrical
machinery,

apparatus,
energy
11 Analysis
of
biological

materials
21 Surface
technology,
coating 31 Mechanical
elements
2 Audio-‐visual
technology 12 Control 22 Micro-‐structure
and
nano-‐
technology
32 Transport
3 Telecommunications 13 Medical
technology 23 Chemical
engineering 33 Furniture,
games
4 Digital
communication 14 Organic
fine
chemistry 24 Environmental
technology 34 Other
consumer
goods
5 Basic
communication

processes
15 Biotechnology 25 Handling 35 Civil
engineering

6 Computer
technology 16 Pharmaceuticals 26 Machine
tools
7 IT
methods
for
management 17 Macromolecular
chemistry,

polymers
27 Engines,
pumps,
turbines
8 Semiconductors 18 Food
chemistry 28 Textile
and
paper
machines
9 Optics 19 Basic
materials
chemistry
29 Other
special
machines
10 Measurement 20 Materials,
metallurgy 30 Thermal
processes
and

apparatus

3 regions
0

0,5

1

1,5

2

2,5

3

3,5

4

4,5

0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40

BE24

DEA2

NL41

1 Electrical
machinery,

apparatus,
energy
11 Analysis
of
biological

materials
21 Surface
technology,
elements
2 Audio-‐visual
and
nano-‐
technology
32 Transport
games
4 Digital
fine
technology 34 Other
consumer
goods
5 Basic
communication

processes
engineering

6 Computer
tools
7 IT
methods
for
chemistry,

polymers
27 Engines,
pumps,
turbines
and
paper
machines
9 Optics 19 Basic
materials
chemistry
29 Other
special
machines
processes
and

apparatus

6 regions
-‐1

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40

BE22

BE24

BE33

DEA2

NL41

NL42

1 Electrical
machinery,

apparatus,
energy
11 Analysis
of
biological

materials
21 Surface
technology,
elements
2 Audio-‐visual
and
nano-‐
technology
32 Transport
games
4 Digital
fine
technology 34 Other
consumer
goods
5 Basic
communication

processes
engineering

6 Computer
tools
7 IT
methods
for
chemistry,

polymers
27 Engines,
pumps,
turbines
and
paper
machines
9 Optics 19 Basic
materials
chemistry
29 Other
special
machines
processes
and

apparatus

6 regions
-‐1

0

1

2

3

4

5

0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40

BE22

BE24

BE33

DEA2

NL41

NL42

1 Electrical
machinery,

apparatus,
energy
11 Analysis
of
biological

materials
21 Surface
technology,
elements
2 Audio-‐visual
and
nano-‐
technology
32 Transport
games
4 Digital
fine
technology 34 Other
consumer
goods
5 Basic
communication

processes
engineering

6 Computer
tools
7 IT
methods
for
chemistry,

polymers
27 Engines,
pumps,
turbines
and
paper
machines
9 Optics 19 Basic
materials
chemistry
29 Other
special
machines
processes
and

apparatus

1 Electrical Machinery, apparatus, energy
AT34

DE23

NL41

DE12

DE25

DE11

DE21
DE13

DE24

DEB3

DE26

SE12

DEA5

DE14

DE27

DE73

DEA4

FI1B
DE71

DEA2

FR71

DE92

DE30

DEA1

FR10

ITC4

ITH3

0

0,5

1

1,5

2

2,5

3

3,5

-‐20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140

1
Electrical
Machinery,
apparatus,
energy

2 Audio-visual technology
2
Audio-‐visual
technology

DE25

NL41

DE24

DE13
SE22

DK01

DE14

DE11
SE11

DE92

DE21

DE12

UKJ3

UKJ1

DE30

FR52

FR71
UKH1

UKJ2

DEG0

FR10

DE71
DEA2
DEA1

-‐0,5

0

0,5

1

1,5

2

2,5

3

3,5

4

4,5

5

-‐10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70


2

Audio-‐visual
technology

5

Basic
communicaRon
processes

6

Computer
technology

9

OpRcs

10

Measurement

33

Furniture,
games

7

IT
methods
for

management

21

Surface
technology,

coaRng

25

Handling

27

Engines,
pumps,
turbine

28

TexRle
and
paper
machines

29

Other
special
machines

31

Mechanical
elements

32

Transport

8

Semiconductors

1

Electrical
machinery

13

Medical
technology

15

Biotechnology

14

Organic
ﬁne
chemistry

17

Macromolecular
chemistry.

polymers

19

Basic
materials
chemistry

20

Materials.
metallurgy

22

Micro-‐structure
and
nano-‐
technology

23

Chemical
engineering

24

Environmental
technology

3

TelecommunicaRons

4

Digital
communicaRon

11

Analysis
of
biological

materials

12

Control

16

PharmaceuRcals

18

Food
chemistry

26

Machine
tools

30

Thermal
processes
and

apparatus

34

Other
consumer
goods

35

Civil
engineering

Noord-‐Brabant
Vlaams-‐
Brabant
Köln
Leading positions (top 10 – absolute figures)
for ELAT regions 2008
FhG35
in
which
ELAT

regions
do
not
hold
a

leading
posiRon
(yet)

Collaboration
1995-‐1998 Som
van
Waarde Kolomlabels
Rijlabels BE24 DEA2 NL41
BE24 364 10 18
DEA2 10 3583 180
NL41 18 180 2610
Percentage
increase
BE24 DEA2 NL41
BE24 72.3% 430.0% 133.3%
DEA2 430.0% 21.2% 258.9%
2005-‐2008 Som
van
Waarde Kolomlabels NL41 133.3% 258.9% 101.1%
Rijlabels BE24 DEA2 NL41
BE24 627 53 42
DEA2 53 4341 646
NL41 42 646 5248

Prov.
Vlaams-‐Brabant
1995-‐1998 2005-‐2008
Rank Code Region Patents Rank Code Region Patents
1 BE24 Prov.
Vlaams-‐Brabant 364 1 BE24 Prov.
Vlaams-‐Brabant 627
2 BE10 Région
de
Bruxelles-‐Capitale
/
Brussels
Hoofdstedelijk
Gewest289 2 BE21 Prov.
Antwerpen 404
3 BE21 Prov.
Antwerpen 216 3 BE10 Région
de
Bruxelles-‐Capitale
/
Brussels
Hoofdstedelijk
Gewest366
4 BE23 Prov.
Oost-‐Vlaanderen 166 4 BE23 Prov.
Oost-‐Vlaanderen 292
5 BE31 Prov.
Brabant
Wallon 111 5 BE31 Prov.
Brabant
Wallon 216
6 BE22 Prov.
Limburg
(BE) 83 6 BE22 Prov.
Limburg
(BE) 172
7 FR10 Île
de
France 71 7 ITH4 Friuli-‐Venezia
Giulia 130
8 BE32 Prov.
Hainaut 54 8 DE25 Mittelfranken 115
9 BE25 Prov.
West-‐Vlaanderen 44 9 FR10 Île
de
France 104
10 BE35 Prov.
Namur 28 10 BE32 Prov.
Hainaut 99
11 BE33 Prov.
Liège 26 11 BE25 Prov.
West-‐Vlaanderen 82
12 DE21 Oberbayern 23 12 ITH3 Veneto 81
13 NL34 Zeeland 23 13 BE33 Prov.
Liège 69
14 UKI1 Inner
London 22 14 DE11 Stuttgart 68
15 NL41 Noord-‐Brabant 18 15 DEA2 Köln 53
16 DE11 Stuttgart 17 16 BE35 Prov.
Namur 48
17 NL32 Noord-‐Holland 14 17 DEA1 Düsseldorf 47
18 UKC2 Northumberland
and
Tyne
and
Wear13 18 NL41 Noord-‐Brabant 42
19 DEA1 Düsseldorf 12 19 SE11 Stockholm 36
20 DE71 Darmstadt 11 20 IE02 Southern
and
Eastern 33
21 DEA2 Köln 10 21 ITC4 Lombardia 30
22 DE12 Karlsruhe 9 22 NL42 Limburg
(NL) 29
23 DK01 Hovedstaden 8 23 DEB3 Rheinhessen-‐Pfalz 27
24 LU00 Luxembourg 8 24 DE21 Oberbayern 26
25 BE34 Prov.
Luxembourg
(BE) 6 25 DE12 Karlsruhe 25

Köln
1995-‐1998 2005-‐2008
Rank Code Region Patents Rank Code Region Patents
1 DEA2 Köln 3583 1 DEA2 Köln 4341
2 DEA1 Düsseldorf 2182 2 DEA1 Düsseldorf 2731
3 DE71 Darmstadt 519 3 NL41 Noord-‐Brabant 646
4 FR10 Île
de
France 317 4 DE60 Hamburg 561
5 DE21 Oberbayern 278 5 DE71 Darmstadt 534
6 DEA5 Arnsberg 265 6 DE21 Oberbayern 526
7 DE11 Stuttgart 214 7 DEA5 Arnsberg 513
8 DEB1 Koblenz 187 8 DEB1 Koblenz 382
9 NL41 Noord-‐Brabant 180 9 DE11 Stuttgart 380
10 DEA3 Münster 173 10 DE30 Berlin 285
11 UKH3 Essex 152 11 DE12 Karlsruhe 243
12 DE60 Hamburg 150 12 DEB3 Rheinhessen-‐Pfalz 239
14 DE12 Karlsruhe 109 13 SE11 Stockholm 192
15 DEB3 Rheinhessen-‐Pfalz 104 14 DEA3 Münster 183
16 DE25 Mittelfranken 95 15 DE91 Braunschweig 142
17 DE30 Berlin 78 16 NL42 Limburg
(NL) 128
18 NL42 Limburg
(NL) 61 17 FR71 Rhône-‐Alpes 117
19 DE14 Tübingen 59 18 DE14 Tübingen 116
20 DEF0 Schleswig-‐Holstein 54 19 FR10 Île
de
France 113
21 DE13 Freiburg 53 20 DE40 Brandenburg 97
22 DEA4 Detmold 53 21 DE26 Unterfranken 96
23 DE92 Hannover 51 22 DE25 Mittelfranken 91
24 BE21 Prov.
Antwerpen 50 23 DEF0 Schleswig-‐Holstein 91
25 DE91 Braunschweig 49 24 DE13 Freiburg 90
26 DEB2 Trier 49 25 DE92 Hannover 80
27 SE11 Stockholm 48 26 DE93 Lüneburg 80
28 DE26 Unterfranken 47 27 DEA4 Detmold 74
29 DE93 Lüneburg 42 28 BE33 Prov.
Liège 71
30 DE27 Schwaben 38 29 DE27 Schwaben 68
31 DE94 Weser-‐Ems 35 30 DE72 Gießen 63
32 ITC4 Lombardia 30 31 BE24 Prov.
Vlaams-‐Brabant 53
33 DEE0 Sachsen-‐Anhalt 30 32 FI1B Helsinki-‐Uusimaa 52
34 DE40 Brandenburg 29 33 DEG0 Thüringen 48
35 BE33 Prov.
Liège 28 35 DED2 Dresden 45
36 DE73 Kassel 28 36 ITH5 Emilia-‐Romagna 41
37 DE23 Oberpfalz 27 37 SE12 Östra
Mellansverige 40
38 DE24 Oberfranken 27 38 AT13 Wien 39
39 DE72 Gießen 23 39 ES51 Cataluña 38
40 NL22 Gelderland 21 40 NL22 Gelderland 37
41 DED2 Dresden 20 41 DE94 Weser-‐Ems 35
42 DEG0 Thüringen 17 42 SE23 Västsverige 33
43 DEC0 Saarland 15 43 DE73 Kassel 33

Technological Specialization: a pathway to
wealth creation?
Model 1 Model 2 Model 3 Model 4 Model 5
GERD per
capita
2,882*** 2,922*** 2,978*** 2,953*** 2,994***
Patents/GERD 1419,601*** 1392,609*** 1291,849*** 1296,488*** 1195,763***
Time 579,536*** 576,027*** 564,464*** 571,216*** 559,567***
Herfindhal (H) -1348,749 -2473,379**
Related Variety
(RV)
548,898** 618,573**
Unrelated
Variety (UV)
444,174* 602,156**
#Spec Fields
(RTAi > 2)
-146,594*** -144,596***
Intercept 12574,657*** 12698,140*** 10620,455*** 13619,854*** 10976,535***
Fixed Effects
included
(Regions)
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
R² 0,966 0.966 0.966 0.967 0.967

Technological Specialization: a pathway to wealth
creation?
Peretti, A.; Callaert, J.; Appio, F.P.; Martini, A. &
Van Looy, B.
Università di Pisa, DESTEC
KU Leuven, MSI; Faculty of Business and Economics;
INCENTIM; Centre for R&D Monitoring (ECOOM)

Conclusions
•  Strong/Top regions (EU)
•  Broad range of domains/technologies
•  Complementary profiles both in terms of texture &
specialization patterns
•  Adjacent regions also embody strengths/scale/
complementarities
•  Justified optimism to aim for the next level (the best
is yet to come?)

Bie bv l-260215

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