Ebook Symposium Intro

1. EBOOKS SYMPOSIUM!
THE CURRENT STATE OF THE ​
ART IN LIBRARIES
Stephen Abram, MLS , FOPL Executive Director
March 17, 2016

2. FOPL Mission
 Collaborative body offering one loud voice for
all Ontario Public Libraries based on agreed
cooperative strategies, and priorities and
research.
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3. Introductory Goals
 Share new data on eBooks in Ontario alone
 Share common language on eBook sales
and licensing
 Share recent developments
 Start our Symposium off well
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4. FOPL’s Market Probe Canada
Public Opinion Poll
 Statistically valid data on Ontario residents’
use and perceptions of public libraries 2015
 CATI and Online Polls (some differences)
 I pulled out the relevant e-Book data to share
today
 We have a lot of data and trends from 2000,
2006, 2010, and 2015
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5. Format of Books Read in the Past Year
Q.13g
Base: Read any books in the past year (2015 - 507). New question in 2015.
• Hard copy books remain the most popular format.
• Those who prefer E-books are more likely to be bookstore users and to have not visited the public library in person in
the past year.
In-Person Library Use
None 20%
Any 8%
Library vs Bookstore Usage
More 8%
Same 8%
Less 16%
Bookstore Use
None 5%
Any 12%
Age
18-24 10%
25-34 6%
35-54 11%
55+ 13%
Education
High school 9%
Univ/college 10%
Grad school 21%
Region
North 13%
East 11%
Southwest 7%
Metro T.O. 12%
GTA Urban 16%
GTA Ex-urban 5%

6. Specific Types of Electronic Resources
Used on Library’s Website
Q.8a/b
Base: All respondents (1102); those who checked the library’s online catalogue, downloaded an item,
or accessed other electronic materials on the library’s web page (449).
Checked the Library’s Online
Catalogue, Downloaded an Item,
or Accessed Other Materials via
the Library’s Website
• More web survey respondents than phone respondents said that they had checked the library’s online catalogue,
downloaded an item or accessed other materials via the library’s website.
• When this larger base size is taken into account, the proportion of the total population accessing the different
electronic media is almost identical for the two populations that were surveyed.

7. • As might be expected, web panel members are more likely than phone respondents to have Internet access at home or
at work.
• They are no more likely, however, to access the Internet at other places around the community, including the library.
• As was the case with the phone survey, those under the age of 25 form one of the library’s biggest Internet user
groups.
Ways Internet Was Accessed in the Past Year
Q.10
Base: All respondents (1102).
Any access Cardholder
Yes 32%
No 6%
In-Person Library Use
None 2%
1-10 times 28%
11+ times 48%
Books Read in Past Year
None 6%
1-5 25%
6-15 27%
16+ 29%
Access Library by Phone / Text
Yes 43%
No 20%
Access Library by Internet
Yes 36%
No 8%
Social Media Interaction with Library
Yes 46%
No 22%
Library Benefits
Top 34%
Middle 22%
Bottom 7%
Age
18-24 39%
25-34 29%
35-54 25%
55+ 16%
Children in Home
Yes 34%
No 21%
Education
High school 18%
Univ/college 24%
Grad school 28%
Region
North 18%
East 21%
Southwest 19%
Metro T.O. 25%
GTA Urban 28%
GTA Ex-urban 30%

8. Use of Internet
Q.10/11
Base: All respondents (1102).
Regular Use of
Internet
Age
18-24 70%
25-34 69%
35-54 58%
55+ 43%
Age
18-24 15%
25-34 6%
35-54 5%
55+ 5%
• Not surprisingly, pretty well all web respondents are regular users of the Internet.
• Compared with telephone respondents who regularly use the Internet, web responders are more likely to access the
news and use e-mail/chat/IM, but are less likely to stream or download items or create content.

9. Books Read in the Past Year
Q.13f
Base: All respondents (1102).
• Web panelists tended to read fewer books in the past year than those who responded to the survey by phone, but the
proportion of non-readers was consistent across the two populations.
• Women and those over the age of 55 are among the heaviest readers of books.
Any Books Read
Cardholder
Yes 31%
No 17%
In-Person Library Use
None 15%
1-10 times 22%
11+ times 56%
In-Person Bookstore Use
None 13%
1-10 times 25%
11+ times 58%
Online Book Vendor Use
None 18%
1-10 times 25%
11+ times 53%
Access Library by Phone / Text
Yes 36%
No 24%
Have Internet Access
Work 25%
Home 27%
School 22%
Library 32%
Other 26%
Access Library by Internet
Yes 36%
No 15%
Library Benefits -u
Top 38%
Middle 23%
Bottom 11%
Gender
Male 20%
Female 33%
Age
18-24 18%
25-34 18%
35-54 22%
55+ 38%
Education
High school 24%
Univ/college 24%
Grad school 38%
Born in Canada
Yes 28%
No 22%
Language
English 27%
French 32%
Other 7%
Region
North 28%
East 31%
Southwest 31%
Metro T.O. 27%
GTA Urban 20%
GTA Ex-urban 30%

10. Format of Books Read in the Past Year
Q.13g
Base: Read any books in the past year (946).
• Those who completed the online survey were somewhat more inclined to read books in electronic format than those who
completed the phone survey.
• E-book usage was more common in Metro Toronto and urban portions of the GTA.
In-Person Library Use
None 24%
1-10 times 15%
11+ times 13%
In-Person Bookstore Use
None 24%
1-10 times 16%
11+ times 11%
Online Book Vendor Use
None 11%
1-10 times 18%
11+ times 21%
Language
English 17%
French 8%
Other 22%
Region
North 12%
East 12%
Southwest 16%
Metro T.O. 21%
GTA Urban 19%
GTA Ex-urban 12%

11. Format of Books Read in the Past Year
Q.13g
Base: Read any books in the past year (946).
• Those who completed the online survey were somewhat more inclined to read books in electronic format than those
who completed the phone survey.
• E-book usage was more common in Metro Toronto and urban portions of the GTA.
In-Person Library Use
None 24%
1-10 times 15%
11+ times 13%
In-Person Bookstore Use
None 24%
1-10 times 16%
11+ times 11%
Online Book Vendor Use
None 11%
1-10 times 18%
11+ times 21%
Language
English 17%
French 8%
Other 22%
Region
North 12%
East 12%
Southwest 16%
Metro T.O. 21%
GTA Urban 19%
GTA Ex-urban 12%

12. • In the web survey, in-person bookstore use was a separate question from online use of book vendors, making
comparisons to the telephone survey results invalid.
• Web panelists between the ages of 25 and 34 and those whose preferred language is not English or French appear to
visit bricks and mortar bookstores less often than other segments of the population.
Past Year Bookstore In-Person Visit Frequency
Q.14c
Base: All respondents (1102).
In-Person Library Use
None 9%
1-10 times 11%
11+ times 16%
Books Read in Past Year
None 1%
1-5 5%
6-15 11%
16+ 25%
Online Book Vendor Use
None 5%
1-10 times 9%
11+ times 36%
Social Media Interaction with Library
Yes 21%
No 11%
Age
18-24 13%
25-34 7%
35-54 12%
55+ 13%
Language
English 12%
French 12%
Other 4%
Region
North 18%
East 15%
Southwest 10%
Metro T.O. 13%
GTA Urban 7%
GTA Ex-urban 16%

13. A program that allows people to try out the newest tech devices or
applications, such as 3D printers or laser cutters
Library kiosks located throughout the community where people
can check out books, movies or music without having to go to the
library itself
A personalized online account that gives you recommendations
based on your past library activity
A cell phone app that allows you to access library services from
your mobile phone
An online research service where you could pose questions and
get responses from librarians
A cell phone app that helps you locate material easily in the library
using GPS
E-book readers already loaded with the book you want to read
Instruction on how to use handheld reading devices and tablets
Classes on how to download library e-books to handheld devices
A digital media lab where you could create and upload new digital
content like your own movies or e-books
The Likelihood of Using Library Services
• Online survey participants were asked their likelihood of using some new services libraries are either offering or thinking
of offering in the future. Interest in these concepts varied, in many cases based on age.
• There were very few suggestions made for other services over and above those shown.
Other Services Library Should Provide
More selection of materials /
updated materials
2%
Computer / Internet skills /
technical devices
2%
For kids / students 2%
Educational courses / lectures /
seminars / community events
2%
Hobbies / special interests 2%
Quiet space / reading / sitting
areas
1%
More online services, i.e. card
renewals / book / material
reserving
1%
They do a good job 7%
Other 16%
No comments / suggestions 65%
64% 46%
57% 39%
61% 39%
62% 24%
43% 37%
54% 19%
45% 34%
31% 40%
30% 38%
42% 21%
By Age 18-34 55+
Q.13c/d
Base: All respondents (1102).

14. Frequency of Visiting Online Book Vendor vs. Bookstore
Q.14c/d
Base: All respondents (1102).
• Comparing individuals’ answers to the previous two questions, nearly one-quarter of those surveyed indicated that they
used online book vendors more frequently than actually going to a bookstore, while almost one-third indicated the
opposite.
• Those who use online book vendors more include French-speaking Ontarians.
Books Read in Past Year
None 13%
1-5 18%
6-15 26%
16+ 28%
In-Person Bookstore Use
None 38%
1-10 times 19%
11+ times 12%
Access Library by Internet
Yes 25%
No 19%
Education
High school 13%
Univ/college 21%
Grad school 33%
Income
<$35K 21%
$35K - <$75K 18%
$75K+ 28%
Language
English 21%
French 37%
Other 20%
Region
North 22%
East 27%
Southwest 23%
Metro T.O. 24%
GTA Urban 20%
GTA Ex-urban 9%

15. Library vs. Bookstore Usage, In-Person and Online
• Comparisons of individuals’ reported frequency of using the library and bookstores in-person and online were made
and are presented in the chart below.
• With regard to in-person usage, the largest group of respondents reported using the library and bookstores about
equally, while for online usage, use of bookstores exclusively predominated.
• Interestingly, more people access both bookstores only and libraries only online as opposed to in-person (but in both
cases, exclusive use of one over the other is much greater for bookstores than libraries).
Q.2/3/14c/d
Base: All respondents (1102).

16. Accessing Library Resources Electronically
Q.8c/d/e
Base: Those who checked the library’s online catalogue, downloaded an item, or accessed other electronic materials
on the library’s web page (449); Respondents who did not use an e-reader to access resources from the library
(1054); Those who own an e-reader but did not use it to access resources from the library (349).
Devices Used to Access
Resources from the Library
• Desktop or laptop computers remain the most common devices for accessing the public library electronically, with
smartphones and tablets also having been used by approximately one-quarter to one-third of online users, respectively.
• One-third of those who have not used an e-reader to access library resources actually own such a device, but of that
group, fewer than one-third have ever attempted to use their e-reader to download books from the library.
E-reader ownership
(among those who have
not used an e-reader to
access library resources)
Ever tried to download
public library e-books
using an e-reader

17. Familiarity and Use of New Electronic Channels
Q.8f
Base: Those who checked the library’s online catalogue, downloaded an item, or accessed other electronic materials
on the library’s web page (449).
Familiar with Channel
• Relatively few of those who use the library to access electronic materials said they were familiar with the different
electronic channels or services some libraries offer.
• Zinio and Hoopla were most familiar to online library users, with the latter being accessed more through the library than
elsewhere.
Accessed via Library Account
7%
9%
3%
1%
4%
Accessed Elsewhere
9%
2%
3%
2%
2%

18. Breaking News
 FCM: Canadian Municipal Governments Support Efforts to Bring Down
eBook Prices for Public Libraries
https://librarianship.ca/news/fcm-ebooks/
 Tim Tierney's call for 'fair' e-book prices for libraries adopted by FCM:
Library Board chair says libraries can end up paying 3-5 times more for an e-book
 http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/ottawa/tim-tierney-s-call-for-fair-e-book-prices-for-librarie
 Regina Public Library’s Andrea Newland says they've had reduce certain
items
 http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/saskatchewan/low-dollar-impacts-regina-libraries-1.3491
 Edmonton Library's buying power shrinking as dollar drops
 High cost of E-books also putting pressure on library's budget.
 http://www.metronews.ca/news/edmonton/2016/03/14/edmonton-library-buying-power-sh
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19. On the Vendor Front
 ProQuest Launches Ebook Central: Pioneering resource
simplifies workflows for librarians and users, bringing new
efficiency to ebook acquisition and use around the world
 Gale Grows Digital Archive Program to Better Address
Research Needs and Further Support Digital Humanities:
Company will make digital archives available under new Gale
Primary Sources brand
 Penguin Random House Ebooks Now Licensed for Perpetual
Access
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21. Free Guide to Ebook Licensing for
Public Libraries and Publishers
 The Guide describes in detail eight types of licenses
most used by public libraries across the world:
 http://publishingperspectives.com/2015/11/guide-ebook-licensing-for-public-libr
– Non-concurrent user license
– Concurrent user license
– Limited loan licenses
– Limited term licenses
– Unlimited term licenses
– Perpetual license
– Subscription license
– Pay-per-use license
21

22. 22
http://www.dosdoce.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Guide-to-Ebook-Licensing-P

23. Guide to features of eBooks in the
University Library collection.
 http://www.library.illinois.edu/rex/guides/ebooks/
 ABC-CLIO, ACLS Humanities,
Brill, Cambridge, Credo, Ebrary,
EBSCO, Elsevier Science Direct,
Gale, Google, Hathi Trust, IGI
Global (Info-Sci), Internet Archive,
Oxford Reference, Palgrave,
Project Gutenberg, Project Muse,
Safari, Sage, Springer, Taylor &
Francis, Wiley
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Vendor Printing Download Use Rights
Number of
Users
E-Reader Compatibility
ABC-CLIO Page, chapter or range of pages No License Agreement No limit
Can access the eBooks platform in a standard web
browser setting on all mobile devices
ACLS Humanities Ten pages at a time (from pdfs) Three pages at a time (as pdf)
Follows fair-use rights and
restrictions
No limit Mobile device formats available for sale
Brill Whole book (from Read pdf) Whole book Rights & Permissions No limit Whole book (pdf)
Cambridge
Varies by book; usually either 1 chapter
or twenty percent of collection in
question
Individual chapters Rights & Permissions
No limit (
except for select order titles
)
Can be downloaded to up to 5 handheld devices
Credo Reference Individual entries
Individual entries (click on "Print &
Export, then "Print")
License agreement No limit Individual entries (pdf)
Ebrary
Yes; maximum dependent upon
percentage and number of pages (right
click on page text)
Create account to download a standard
pdf (60 page max) or entire book for 7
days
Terms of service & copyright information
Limited user
titles
Requires ebrary Reader. Downloaded sections (from
pdf)
EBSCO eBooks
Up to 60 pages (or fewer depending on
the publisher) of an eBook can be
printed per user as a PDF file from
within the eBook Full Text viewer. In the
viewer use the EBSCO print button, not
the pdf print button
Create account to download and
"checkout" the whole book for up to 7
days; otherwise can save up to 60
pages (or fewer depending on the
publisher) at a time from the viewer as
pdf
Depends on
the book: 1,3,
or unlimited
users
Whole book when "checked out" pdf, and some have
ePub option
Elsevier (ScienceDirect)Individual chapters (from pdfs) Individual chapters (as pdf) Re-use Permission Policy No limit Individual chapters (pdf, epub, mobipocket)
Gale Virtual Reference
The number of pages may depend on the
individual publisher specified limits
Individual entries/articles/chapters
(depending on the book) as html or pdf
No limit
Individual entries,articles,chapters (download pdf to
eReader)
Google
Public domain books can be printed
(from pdf)
Whole book (from Google Books not
Google Play)
No limit
ePub and pdf (android, iphone, and ipad apps
available)
HathiTrust
Depends on book; Page by page (non-
affiliates) or whole book (with partner
login)
Page by page (non-affiliates) or whole
book (with partner login)
See Help Page No limit
Depends on book; mobile friendly site; can be
downloaded as pdf
IGI-Global (Info-Sci) Individual chapters (from pdfs) Individual chapters (as pdf) No limit Individual chapters (pdf)
Internet Archive
Whole book (options include pdf, epub,
daisy, kindle, and more)
Whole book
Near-unrestricted. See
https://archive.org/details/t
exts&tab=about for more
information.
No limit
Yes--multiple formats and options available for
download. Website designed for mobile as well as
desktop users.
Oxford Reference
Individual entries only; Restrictions on
systematic download
No
See "
Users of institutional subscriptions
," under "Legal Notice"
No limit No
Palgrave Whole book Whole book Terms and conditions No limit Whole book (pdf, and some have ePub option)
Project Gutenburg Whole book
Whole book (as textfile, html, or format
for ereaders)
Ebooks from Project
Gutenburg are free in the
United States because
their copyright has
expired. They may not be
free of copyright in other
countries.
No limit
Whole book (ePub, Kindle, Plucker, QiOO
mobile)Mobile Reader How-To
Project Muse
Sections of chapters or chapters at a
time depending on the book (from pdfs)
Sections of chapters or chapters at a
time depending on the book
See license review No limit
Sections of chapters or chapters depending on the
book (pdf)
Safari Individual pages No Near-unrestricted access
Limits to 6
simultaneous
users on the
account
No
Sage Individual chapters from viewer or pdf Individual chapters (as pdf) Terms of Use No limit Individual chapters (pdf)
Springer
Whole book and individual chapters
(from pdfs or chapters from view screen)
Whole book and individual chapters (as
pdf)
DRM-free; see terms and
conditions
No limit Whole book (pdf)
Taylor &
FrancisCRCnetBASE
Individual chapters Individual chapters (as pdf) See terms and conditions. No limit
Individual chapters (pdf); Mobile version of the site
for searching, then can download individual chapters
to device (pdf)
Wiley

24. eBook Universe
 Canadian vs. International and Big 5
 MARC records issue
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25. http://americanlibrariesmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/Big-Five-Ebook-Terms-011816.pdf
Big Five Publishers and Lib. Lending
Publisher Terms Lending Pricing Consortia?
Penguin
Random House
As of January 1, 2016,
Penguin Random House
makes its complete frontlist
and backlist of ebooks
available for libraries
All titles available under
perpetual licensing. One
circulation at a time with no
loan limits or period of use
limits.
Capped at $65 Yes
Harper Collins HarperCollins offers its
complete ebook and audio
catalog for library lending. In
February 2011 HarperCollins
instituted a limit of 26
circulations after which the
library must renew its license
by buying the title again.
License must be
renewed after 26
loans.
Varies – usually HC
equivalent or less
Yes
Macmillan On July 29, 2014, Macmillan
announced that its entire
frontlist and backlist will be
available under its library
lending program.
All titles are available for a
two-year/52-lend period
(whichever comes first).
Titles published less than
12 months ago: $60. Titles
published 12 months ago
or more: $40.
Yes – not
schools
Simon &
Schuster
On November 20, 2014,
Simon & Schuster
announced that it would no
longer require libraries to
offer a “Buy It Now” button in
order to license its ebooks for
library lending.
A one-year expiration date on
ebooks licensed to libraries.
On November 12, 2015,
Simon & Schuster
announced a pilot program
with 550 titles with a special
two-year license priced at 1.5
times the one-year price.
Prices are generally more
than the cost to a
consumer, but less than
the hard cover edition.
Yes – Public
Only
Hachette As of May 8, 2013, Hachette
is making its full catalog of
ebooks available for library
sold for an unlimited number
of single-user-at-a-time
circulations.
Pricing is always at HBG’s
sole discretion. HBG’s pricing
is three times hardcover.
Case by case25

26. The Aggregators and Partners
 Overdrive, Bibliotheca Cloud Library, B&T
Axis 360, MyiLibrary/ProQuest, EBSCO,
Permabound, Odilo, Bibliocommons, Follett,
Recorded Books (One Click Digital), Mackin
Educational Resources, Feedbooks (Europe
and Canada) and Gardners (mostly UK)
Bolinda, Booksource, etc.
 Archambault, Canadian Electronic Library,
WhiteHots, etc.
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27. Academic and Traditional eBooks
 Cengage Gale
 McGraw Hill About 95% of marketplace
 Pearson
 OER, OA, etc.
 Gale, EBSCO, ProQuest digital vaults and
eBook aggregations primary source,
archives, etc.
 Scholarly Publishers
 Institutional Repositories27

28. New(er) Tools for Digital Times
 RDA
 APIs
 Bibframe
 Linked Data
 Tags versus Fields
 Crowdsourcing
 Federated search
 Etc.
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29. Join the
Movementhttp://www.fairpricingforlibraries.org/
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30. Enjoy the rest of the symposium
 Stephen Abram
 executive director
 Federation of Ontario Public Libraries
 Stephen.abram@gmail.com
 FOPL.ca
 416-669-4855
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