3. Particles in the three states of matter
There are 3 states of matter:
1.Solid
2.Liquid
3.Gas
4. Solids
In solids, strong forces hold the particles together in a
three–dimensional structure. They have a very tiny room
so they still vibrate.
The particles in a solid
5. Liquids
In liquids, the forces that hold the particles together are
weaker than I solids. In liquids, the particles can slide pass
each other.
The particles in liquid
6. Gases
In gases, the forces of attraction netween the particles are very small and
the particles can move away from each other and travel in all direction. It
has a really big space in gas.
The particles in gas
7. How materials change with
temperature
When a solid is heated it expands and when is cools is contracts. For
example, when it is cool a metal bar fits inside a metal gauge. Its end
will also fit through the hole in the gauge. When the bar has been
heated it will no longer fit in the gauge or in the hole. When the bar
cools down it will fit in the gauge and hole again.
8. Changes in liquids
When liquids are heated they generally expand much more than
solids for a given temperature rise. They also contract to their
original volume when they are cooled. However, water has a strange
property – as it is cooled it expands again when its temperature
drops below 4˚C and continue to expand until it reaches O˚C.
9. Changes in gases
Like most liquids and solids, gases expand when they are heated and
contract when they are cooled. If a gas and a liquid undergo the same
temperature rise the gas expands about ten times more than liquid.
