These have evolved from two major developments 1. Institute of Medicine report titled, The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health (IOM, 2010) and 2. the passage of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act.
Opportunities for nurses, particularly advanced practice nurses, will be plentiful.
Present each aspect of the Triple Aim with an emphasis on the nurse’s role.
This definition of leadership focuses on dealing with unknown situations. Discuss patient care and administrative situations that require the use of leadership skills.
As compared to leadership, management has a greater emphasis on following protocols and procedures. Managing can also refer to control of one’s own individual work and energies. Discuss patient care and administrative situations that require the use of management skills.
Followership requires active engagement and preparation by group members. Following is just as accountable as leading or managing. Discuss patient care and administrative situations where followership can improve outcomes (patient and organizational). Discussing Exercise 1-1 can demonstrate the use of leading, managing, and following in a short span of time.
Emotional intelligence is what helps people see others in a positive light. In other words, two managers could reach the same decision and present the idea to two groups. The one with the skills inherent in emotional intelligence is likely to be perceived in more positive terms, even though the outcome may be the same. To be emotionally intelligent, consider five domains.
The five domains of emotional intelligence are associated with competent practitioners.
Having self-awareness means that you can identify the emotions you are feeling and that you know how they are altering your perceptions.
Managing emotions means that the negative emotions, such as anger, fear, and passive-aggressiveness, are avoided.
Motivating self suggests that we would be inwardly rather than externally driven.
Being empathetic suggests that we value differences in viewpoints and we don’t side with one group versus another.
Handling relationships means that you are socially appropriate.
Emphasize that emotional intelligence is also demonstrated in facilitating the development of these domains in others.
In addition to being emotionally intelligent, effective leaders and managers have these attributes.
Bleich (bl eye) and Kosiak (cozy ak) say that we can divide theory about leading, managing, and following into two categories. The first comprises the leadership theories, and the second the motivational theories.
The four leadership theories are: Trait, Style, Situational-Contingency, and Transformational. Let’s look at each in greater detail.
The four types of motivational theories are these: [Read slide]
Discuss each characteristic with an emphasis on how they can become part of the student’s professional persona.
While explaining each task of leadership, use example from Table 1-1 to differentiate among clinical, management, and executive roles.
One of the authors, Bleich (bl eye), identifies these nine tasks of management.
Bleich also identifies nine tasks of followership.
In conclusion, managing, leading, and following are all complex tasks that require active assertion of these roles to be effective. Each is important in creating the whole of nursing care for patients.