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Free Talk-Docker
2016.12.23 (haofan)
Agenda
• What ?
• Why ?
• How ?
• Docker Usercases
Static website
Web frontend
User DB
Queue Analytics DB
Background workers
API endpoint
nginx 1.5 + modsecurity + openssl + bootstrap 2
postgresql + pgv8 + v8
hadoop + hive + thrift + OpenJDK
Ruby + Rails + sass + Unicorn
Redis + redis-sentinel
Python 3.0 + celery + pyredis + libcurl + ffmpeg + libopencv + nodejs +
phantomjs
Python 2.7 + Flask + pyredis + celery + psycopg + postgresql-client
Development VM
QA server
Public Cloud
Disaster recovery
Contributor’s laptop
Production Servers
The ChallengeMultiplicityofStacks
Multiplicityof
hardware
environments
Production Cluster
Customer Data Center
Doservicesandapps
interact
appropriately?
CanImigrate
smoothlyand
quickly?
MultiplicityofGoods
Multipilicityof
methodsfor
transporting/storing
DoIworryabout
howgoodsinteract
(e.g.coffeebeans
nexttospices)
CanItransportquickly
andsmoothly
(e.g.fromboattotrain
totruck)
Transport Pre-1960
Solution: Intermodal Shipping Container
…in between, can be loaded and
unloaded, stacked, transported
efficiently over long distances,
and transferred from one mode
of transport to another
A standard container that is
loaded with virtually any
goods, and stays sealed until
it reaches final delivery.
Static website Web frontendUser DB Queue Analytics DB
Development
VM
QA server Public Cloud Contributor’s
laptop
Docker is a shipping container system for code
Production
Cluster
Customer Data
Center
…that can be manipulated using
standard operations and run
consistently on virtually any
hardware platform
An engine that enables any
payload to be encapsulated
as a lightweight, portable,
self-sufficient container…
Lightweight Platform
Open
What is Docker ?
Demo
Why use Docker ?
Build once…..run anywhere*
Config once…. run anything*
Anybody run anytime*
Docker Containers vs VM
App
A
Hypervisor (Type 2)
Host OS
Server
Guest
OS
Bins/
Libs
App
A’
Guest
OS
Bins/
Libs
App
B
Guest
OS
Bins/
Libs
AppA’
Docker
Host OS
Server
Bins/Libs
AppA
Bins/Libs
AppB
AppB’
AppB’
AppB’
VM
Container
Containers are isolated,
but share OS and, where
appropriate, bins/libraries
Guest
OS
Guest
OS
…result is significantly faster deployment,
much less overhead, easier migration,
faster restart
Docker Containers vs VM
Feature Container VM
start Seconds level Minitues level
Hardisk MB GB
Performance Native Less than Native
Stand-alone Thouands of containers Tens of VM
Basic Docker System
Source
Code
Repository
Dockerfile
For
A
Docker Engine
Build
Docker
Host 2 OS (Linux)
ContainerA
ContainerB
ContainerC
Push
Search
Pull
Run
Host 1 OS (Linux)
Docker
Container
Image
Registry
Image
Changes and Updates
Docker Engine
Docker
Container
Image
Registry
Docker Engine
Push
Update
Bins/
Libs
App
A
AppΔ
Bins/
Base
Container
Image
Container
Mod A’’
AppΔ
Bins/
Bins/
Libs
App
A
Bins/
Bins/
Libs
App
A’’
Container
Mod A’
How does Docker Work?
Docker
Client
Host
Docker Daemon
Container 1
Container 2
Container …
docker pull
docker run
docker …
Docker Technology
• Namespaces: uts, pid, net, ipc, mnt(Environmnet Isloate)
• Cgroup: resource limitation, prioritization, process control(Resource
Control)
• AUFS(Union File System): save storage space, fast deploy, simple to
upgrade(Image Mangement)
https://github.com/shu-frank-csdn/Linux-docker-tech-study
Usercase--Microservice
• What is Microservice ?
• How can we deploy Microservice by
docker ?
Aim to split application, to achieve agile
development and deployment
From http://martinfowler.com/articles/microservices.html
Usercase--Devops
• What is Devops?
• How can we deploy Devops by
docker ?
CI + CDContinuous Integration
Continuous Deployment
Continuous Delivery
Version control
system
Continuous
Integration
Server
Test Instance
Production
CI notifies of
pass / fail
Developer
Pulls From
Trunk
1
Make incremental
changes on local
environment
2
Developer
pushes
commits
3
CI monitors repository
for changes
4
Changes Kick off
test Build
5
Run Tests:
Unit
Integration
Smoke
6
Report back test
results 7
Artifact
Repository
9
Pushing to prod could
just mean changing the
reverse proxy server
If tests pass:
Deploy code to
artifact
repository
8
Bringing it all together
DataCenter, Big data………
How to strengthen your work by Docker ?
Reference
• https://docs.docker.com/
• https://github.com/shu-frank-csdn/Linux-docker-tech-study
• https://yeasy.gitbooks.io/docker_practice/content/introduction/what
.html
Thank you

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Docker Introduction

Hinweis der Redaktion

  1. 讲下logo的意义
  2. 15年前,所有已经定义好的服务堆栈和部署都在一个庞大的专有的服务器上,今天开发者建里和组合一个应用,必须为这些应用准备去发布到各种环境下面,公共环境,本地环境,虚拟机环境。在不同服务器和不同的依赖关系,存在不利的交互,通过不同的硬件,迅速部署和发布具有挑战性。
  3. 在1960年之前,大部分货物运输的过程。托运人和搬运工都会担心不同类型的货物之间会发生互相损坏(比如:一堆铁锹在运输时,有可能倒下压坏同时在运输的一袋香蕉)。同样的,将不同货品做分类的运输也是非常痛苦的一件事情。有些需要被转运的货物在运输途中,会在一个港口卸下来,等待相同类型的货物一起重新装到指定的火车、货车或者其他运输工具上。一路上,很多货物被损坏,也有很多的货物被偷盗。不同的运输机制和不同的货物组成了一个N乘N的矩阵。
  4. 幸运的是,这个问题已经解决,一个标准化的运输集装箱可以解决这个问题。任何类型的货物,不管是开心果,还是保时捷。都能被集中打包放入一个标准的运输集装箱内。这个集装箱在运输途中是封闭不可以打开的,直到将它运输到目的地。这整个集装箱看做一个个体,装载,卸下,堆放,运输,有效的解决长距离的运输带来的问题。在运输过程中,从轮船到火车,再到卡车,都可以通过起重机(吊车),形成流程自动化。不需要管集装箱里面的东西。许多人都相信,运输集装箱在运输工具和一般的全球物流方面会发起一场革新。今天,全球有1800万个集装箱,搬运量占全球运输的90%。
  5. 以某种程度来说,Docker可以被看做一个代码方面 的集装箱综合运输系统。Docker 能让任何的应用和它的依赖打包成为一个轻量级的,便携的,独立的一个集装箱。集装箱有标准的运作模式,因此可以方便自动化。他们被设计成能跑在几乎所有LINUX服务器上的容器。一个开发者在笔记本上建立和测试的一个Docker容器,能跑在测试环境、生产环境、虚拟机、新买的服务器、OpenStack集群、公共环境、或者是以上的组合的服务器群上。 换句话说,开发者可以搭建他们的应用仅仅一次,就能保证让这个应用保持一致的跑在任何地方。运营人员可以将他们的服务器配置一遍,就能跑任何应用。
  6. 2013年.3月Opensource, 用Google go语言开发。是对进程进行封装隔离,属于操作系统层面的虚拟化技术,由于隔离的进程独立于宿主和其他的隔离的进程,因此称为容器。 Docker 在其基础上,进行了进一步封装,从文件系统,网络互连到进程隔离等. Docker是一个platform( developing, deploying and running services with Linux containers)
  7. Pull 一个 image,根据dockerfile load一个image,等等 https://hub.docker.com/r/shufanhao/demo/
  8. Run anywhere: 不用担心缺少依赖,pakcages在其他deployment时; 每一个APP,是在独立的container中,可以用不通版本的library 减少不通平台的兼容性,在ubuntu, centos, windows等; 可以随时进行snaphsot。Linux kernel > (3.10+)
  9. 传统虚拟机技术是虚拟出一套硬件后,在其上运行一个完整操作系统,在该系统上再运行所需应用进程; 而容器内的应用进程直接运行于宿主的内核,容器内没有自己的内核,而且也没有进行硬件虚拟。因此容器要比传统虚拟机更为轻便 。
  10. 三个基本概念 Image: 对于linux,内核启动后,会挂在root文件系提供用户控件支持,而对于Docker Image,就相当于是一个root文件系统。是采用分层存储的架构,构建镜像时是一层层的构建 Containers:Image和Container关系,就像类和实例一样,容器可以创建,启动,停止,删除,暂停等。其实质就是进程,它有独立的命名空间 Registry:Docker的仓库 Re
  11. C/S 架构
  12. 利用namespaces来做权限的隔离控制,利用cgroups来做资源的分配. 每一个容器都有独立的命名空间,运行在其中的应用都像是在独立的操作系统中运行一样。命名空间保证了容器之间互不影响。 每个net命名空间有独立的网络设备,ip地址,路由表等 Mnt: 允许不同命名空间的进程看到的文件结构不同,这样每个命名空间中的进程所看到的的文件目录就被隔离开了。 Namespaces解决的是环境隔离的问题,只是虚拟化技术中最基础的一步,还要解决对计算机资源使用上的隔离。 希望对进程进行资源利用上的限制或者控制。CGROUP,是06年,google发起的,07年被整合到Linux内核中,位系统中所运行任务的用户配置等操作。对磁盘IO,内存使用,带宽等进行限制. mount -t cgroup AUFS: 把不同物理位置的目录mount到同一个目录中, AUFS好处 节省存储空间 - 多个container可以共享base image存储 快速部署 - 如果要部署多个container,base image可以避免多次拷贝 内存更省 - 因为多个container共享base image, 以及OS的disk缓存机制,多个container中的进程命中缓存内容的几率大大增加 升级更方便 - 相比于 copy-on-write 类型的FS,base-image也是可以挂载为可writeable的,可以通过更新baseimage而一次性更新其之上的container 允许在不更改base-image的同时修改其目录中的文件 - 所有写操作都发生在最上层的writeable层中,这样可以大大增加base image能共享的文件内容
  13. 此图适用于一切高大上的名字——Agile,CLOUD,DevOps等等,古代有道,气,八卦等等。此类名词的最大特点就是 一解释就懂,一问就不知,一讨论就打架。  简单来说其主要的目的是有效的拆分应用,实现敏捷开发和部署 
  14. Monolithic 比较适合项目初期,在编译一个项目的时候,项目时间比较短,你泡一个咖啡的时间可以编译完,但是随着项目的逐渐变大,整个开发流程部署起来非常困难。你在改一行code后,需要编译很长时间。 往往在刚开始的时候,开发效率比较低,但是随着开发的难度增大,效率相对较高。