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#1018_設計發展.pptx
- 1. Darwin D. Martin House Frank Lloyd Wright
- 3. Architecture（1903-1905） “Martin House 的特點是其空間 開放性、水平面、碼頭和懸臂結 構以及自然色彩和材料的調色板 。它被認為是萊特職業生涯的偉 大成就之一，源於客戶和建築師 之間非凡的合作關係。“ “多年來， Martin House的表現 並不好。在馬丁在那裡生活的那 段時間裡，它被遺棄、部分拆除 和忽視。在許多人的決心下，一 項雄心勃勃的修復工作於 1992 年正式開始，並於 2019 年完成 。今天，馬丁之家已成為公民身 份和文化自豪感的引人注目的象 徵。它是紐約州歷史遺跡網絡中 的國家歷史地標和首要遺產目的 地。“ https://martinhouse.org/explore/our-story/
- 5. Heat Critique “在修復過程的早期，決定在房屋中安裝地熱加熱和冷卻系統，因為這樣的系統隨 著時間的推移是經濟的，並且與萊特在 1905-6 年對被動太陽能設計的先見之明使用 一致。馬丁之家最初由位於馬車房下方的燃煤爐加熱，並在涼棚下通過管道連接到主 屋內的管道群。這是非常低效的，但正如達爾文馬丁寫信給他的兄弟威廉一樣，他的 房子不可能供暖，但誰在乎（或類似的詞）………很可能馬丁一家在嚴冬時並不完全 舒適，但在夏天，他們可以通過打開平開窗來為房子降溫。“ http://wright-up.blogspot.com/2013/12/darwin-d.html?m=1
- 7. “ Wright’s “light screens,” as the architect liked to call them, are an important contributing attribute to the overall significance of the Martin House. There are 16 site-specific patterns of art glass in the form of windows, doors, lay lights, and skylights, which were designed by Wright exclusively for the Martins for their multi-residential estate. In fact, the Martin House has more art glass in more patterns than any other house designed by Wright. Each pattern is stunningly beautiful and fundamental to understanding Wright’s revolutionary “total design” principles. The seven light screens—which were removed from the Martin House during a period in the property’s history when the home remained vacant and fell under disrepair—were purchased by the University and have been under their professional care for nearly fifty years.” “ "Sun traps" provide the basement with light and reflect a beautiful pattern from the light screens. “ Light Critique https://martinhouse.org/seven-art-glass-windows-return-home/ https://buffalonews.com/news/local/first-floor-of-martin-house-restored-to-its-1907- glory/article_b2dcc4af-d55f-5c0e-a3b6-291fef87fc18.html 萊特的“光幕”，正如建築師喜歡稱的那樣，是對馬丁之家整體意義的 重要貢獻屬性。有 16 種特定地點的藝術玻璃圖案，形式為窗戶、門、燈 光和天窗，由 Wright 專門為 Martins 住宅區設計。事實上，與萊特設計的 任何其他房子相比，馬丁之家的藝術玻璃圖案更多。每個圖案都非常漂亮 ，是理解 Wright 革命性的“整體設計”原則的基礎。 七個光幕——在歷史上的一段時期，當房屋仍然空置且年久失修時 從馬丁之家拆除——由大學研究機構購買，並在他們的專業護理下度過將 近五十年。 "太陽陷阱"為地下室提供光線，並從光幕反射出美麗的圈案。
- 8. "The main house is a low, two-story block with standard relation to grade, terminated at the left by a porte-cochere and at the right by a covered porch. The plan, quite aside from all those innovations which we have by now come to expect, is remarkable. The entrance hall bisects the house. To its right is the great unit-room, its separate functions flowing imperceptibly into each other and suggested only by truncated partitions and portieres. The central portion, with an enormously wide fireplace, is the living room, advancing toward the glazed doorways leading to the porch. The two flanking spaces are a library and a dining room; these are well-lighted by long rows of casements, but the living room is dark, its source of daylight overshadowed by the roof of the porch." — Grant Carpenter Manson. Frank Lloyd Wright to 1910: The First Golden Age. p142-144. Light Critique http://www.greatbuildings.com/buildings/d._d._martin_house.html “主樓是一個低矮的兩層樓，與等級有標準關係，左邊是一個開放式 門廊，右邊是一個有蓋的門廊。這個計劃，除了我們現在擁有的所有創新 之外來期待，是了不起的。入口大廳將房子一分為二。它的右邊是巨大的 單元房，它的獨立功能在不知不覺中相互流動，只有截斷的隔板和門廊才 能暗示。中央部分，有一個非常寬的壁爐，是起居室，向通向門廊的玻璃 門前進。兩個側面的空間是圖書館和餐廳；一排排的窗框光線充足，但起 居室是黑暗的，它是日光的來源被門廊的屋頂遮住了。” ——格蘭特·卡彭特·曼森。弗蘭克勞埃德賴特至 1910：第一個黃金時代。 第 142-144 頁。
- 9. “Not everything functioned: the kitchen, placed on the opposite side of the entrance hall from the dining room, made the transport of dishes awkward for the staff. Some parts of the house were dark, owing to those overhanging eaves. But despite being large enough for eight bedrooms and four baths upstairs, the place was cozy: when Wright conceived the first-floor dining/living area and library as a single unit, he divided the flowing spaces into alcoves and niches with built-in oak cabinetry and masonry piers, along with lifted and lowered plastered ceilings and wood beams. “並非一切都正常運行：廚房位於餐廳入口大廳的對面，這讓工作人員難以搬運菜餚 。由於那些懸垂的屋簷，房子的某些部分是黑暗的。但是，儘管樓上容納八間臥室和四間 浴室，但這個地方很舒適：當 Wright 將一樓的用餐/起居區和圖書館設想為一個整體時， 他將流動的空間劃分為壁龕和壁龕，內置橡木櫥櫃和磚石碼頭，以及提升和降低高度的天 花板和木樑。
- 10. Drain The Pergola: I was enamoured with this section of the home. Photographers may want to know that you can take pictures here, since it’s outdoors. In practice, it’s merely the covered walkway that leads from the main residence to the Conservatory. In principle, it’s something else altogether, and the framed views here of other sections of the estate are breathtaking. The Conservatory: A glass enclosed garden that, of course, features an array of rare and tropical plants. The answer is yes - it’s as cool as it sounds. The light streams in from the skylight, and makes sure you can’t miss the full-size replica of the “Winged Victory of Samothrace,” a sculpture that Frank Lloyd Wright tried to make sure you could see from the entrance of the Darwin D. Martin House. 綠廊 ：我很喜歡這部分的房子。攝影師可能想知道您可以在這裡拍照，因為它在 戶外。實際上，它只是從主要住宅通往陽台的有頂棚的人行道。原則上，這完全是另 一回事，莊園其他部分的框架景觀令人嘆為觀止。 溫室： 一個玻璃封閉的花園，當然，擁有一系列稀有和熱帶植物。答案是肯定的 ——它聽起來很酷。光線從天窗射進來，確保您不會錯過“薩莫色雷斯的勝利之翼”的 全尺寸複製品，萊特試圖讓您一進來就看得到的雕塑品。
- 11. Drain
- 23. 基礎環境舒適度分析*NEW Clothing : 0-1.2 舒適範圍: 14.3% Capture internal heat 舒適範圍: 14.3%
- 25. 基礎環境分析*NEW
- 30. Y=62.6 Y=67.6 Y=77.6 Y=72.6 • 越向北，東西通風越差 • 較高的量體會阻擋風的流速
- 33. 冬季光照時間極短且十分寒冷
- 34. • 幾乎無法利用日照
- 35. • 幾乎無法利用日照
- 36. • 策略：加天窗 • 移除部分磚
- 40. （42.93，-78.8 ）
- 44. 光 – 西南 - 改善辦公室和廚房到餐廳光線過暗的問題 • 屋頂抬角度 – lift up 抬升之間 • 縮小出簷深度 - in-between • 開天井 – light well 光之井 • 墻角落開窗 – engraving lights 砌光 • 轉移program位置 – invert life circulation 翻轉生活動線 • 室內添加一個反光板 - sun trap reflection 反射光阱 - 改善閱覽室部分眩光問題 • 在眩光側立面加格柵- glimmer reading time 微光閱讀
- 47. 11/24-27 12:30pm
- 49. 11/27 12:30pm
- 50. 11/27 12:30pm
- 51. 11/27 12:30pm
- 52. 光 – 西南 - 改善辦公室和廚房到餐廳光線過暗的問題 - 改善閱覽室部分眩光問題
- 53. 光 – 西南 - 改善辦公室和廚房到餐廳光線過暗的問題 • 屋頂抬角度 – lift up 抬升之間 • 縮小出簷深度 - in-between • 開天井 – light well 光之井 • 墻角落開窗 – engraving lights 砌光 • 轉移program位置 – invert life circulation 翻轉生活動線 • 室內添加一個反光板 - sun trap reflection 反射光阱 - 改善閱覽室部分眩光問題 • 在眩光側立面加格柵- glimmer reading time 微光閱讀
- 54. • 屋頂抬角度 + • 縮小出簷深度 before after lift up and in-between 抬升之間
- 55. After 1 After 2
- 56. • 轉移program位置 before invert life circulation 翻轉生活動線
- 57. • 轉移program位置 After 2 invert life circulation 翻轉生活動線
- 58. • 開天井 before after light well 光之井
- 60. • 在眩光側立面加格柵 before after before after glimmer reading time 微光閱讀
- 61. • 在眩光側立面加格柵 before after glimmer reading time 微光閱讀
- 62. before after
- 63. before after H Heating COP=1.0 Heating COP=4.0 Reduce the heating energy use