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Spatial and Temporal Trend Analysis of
Meteorological, Hydrological and
Hydrogeological Data (by the Example of the
San River Basin)
Davybida L.*, Worsa-Kozak M., Górniak-Zimroz J., Michalak A.
Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical
University of Oil and Gas
Wroclaw University of Science and Technology
International Conference of Young Professionals
«GeoTerrace-2021»
4-6 October 2021, Lviv, Ukraine
Study area of the San River Basin
according to the NASA Earth Observatory [https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/]
Signs of Drought in European Groundwater in June 2020
Representative weather stations, results of correlation analysis for meteorological
observations and graphs of precipitation and temperatures for the station with the
longest observation period
Land use map and examples of different trends in the groundwater level
fluctuations
The Mann-Kendall (MK) test
,
S - 1
,
if S > 0
var(S)
Z 0, if S 0
S 1 if S 0
var(S)
 
 







The magnitude (Sen`s slope) of a time series trend is evaluated by a
simple non-parametric procedure developed by Sen (Sen 1968):
Rank based non-parametric MK test (Mann, 1945, Kendall, 1975) is used for
detection significant trends. The MK test is widely used in detecting trends in
time series data in meteorology and hydrology fields (Suryavanshi et al., 2014;
Zhou et al., 2016; Kisi et al., 2018, Azam et al., 2018, Malik et al., 2019, Yilmaz
et al., 2020, ...).
If Z>0, it indicates an
increasing trend, and vice
versa.
The test statistic Z is denoted by equation:
Map showing the significance of trends and the spatial patterns of Sen`s slopes
for monthly average temperature
There is a statistically
significant increase in
the variability of
average monthly
temperatures for almost
all weather stations.
Map showing the significance of trends and the spatial patterns of Sen`s slopes
for monthly precipitation
The obtained results do not
confirm the presence of
long-term trends in the
monthly precipitation series
for the study area. For the
majority of weather stations
(with the exception of
“Yavoriv” with a negative
trend and “Jarocin” with a
positive one), the trends are
not statistically significant.
Map showing the significance of trends and the spatial patterns of Sen`s slopes
for monthly average discharge
No significant increases or
decreases in the stream
discharge were observed
during the monitoring
periods for the majority of
gauge stations with only a
few exceptions.
Map showing the significance of trends and the spatial patterns of Sen`s slopes
for monthly average of surface water level
Slightly different results
were obtained for the
average monthly water
levels at the gauging
stations. There is a
significant decrease in the
water levels altitudes for
most observation points.
Map showing the significance of trends and the spatial patterns of Sen`s
slopes for monthly average of groundwater level
In the case of groundwater
levels, different trends are also
observed. There is a certain
territorial regularity, and
decreasing tendencies in
groundwater levels series of
different aquifers are typical
for the wells, which are located
in the plain part of the basin,
while increasing trends or
absence of significant changes
are normal for the
mountainous area.
Conclusions & Acknowledgements
 The results of the MK test indicate the presence of divergent trends in
the studied time series.
 Differences in the formation of long-term variability of surface and
groundwater levels compared to the dynamics of hydrological
discharges, temperatures and precipitation may be explained by the
higher level of anthropogenic factors influence (hydraulic engineering,
water use, melioration) on the formation of water levels.
 In general, the results of the analysis of current and historical ground-
based observations from the monitoring points within the territory of the
San river basin confirm the data of global remote sensing. Decreasing
tendencies in groundwater levels series of different aquifers are typical
for the wells, which are located in the plain part of the basin, while
increasing trends and absence of statistically significant changes are
normal for the mountainous area.
 This research was prepared with the support of the Centre for East
European Studies (University of Warsaw) in the frame of the Ivan
Vyhovsky Award (2020/2021).
International Conference of Young Professionals
«GeoTerrace-2021»
4-6 October 2021, Lviv, Ukraine
Thank you for your
attention!

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presentationtemplategeoterrace-2021.ppt

  • 1. Spatial and Temporal Trend Analysis of Meteorological, Hydrological and Hydrogeological Data (by the Example of the San River Basin) Davybida L.*, Worsa-Kozak M., Górniak-Zimroz J., Michalak A. Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas Wroclaw University of Science and Technology International Conference of Young Professionals «GeoTerrace-2021» 4-6 October 2021, Lviv, Ukraine
  • 2. Study area of the San River Basin
  • 3. according to the NASA Earth Observatory [https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/] Signs of Drought in European Groundwater in June 2020
  • 4. Representative weather stations, results of correlation analysis for meteorological observations and graphs of precipitation and temperatures for the station with the longest observation period
  • 5. Land use map and examples of different trends in the groundwater level fluctuations
  • 6. The Mann-Kendall (MK) test , S - 1 , if S > 0 var(S) Z 0, if S 0 S 1 if S 0 var(S)            The magnitude (Sen`s slope) of a time series trend is evaluated by a simple non-parametric procedure developed by Sen (Sen 1968): Rank based non-parametric MK test (Mann, 1945, Kendall, 1975) is used for detection significant trends. The MK test is widely used in detecting trends in time series data in meteorology and hydrology fields (Suryavanshi et al., 2014; Zhou et al., 2016; Kisi et al., 2018, Azam et al., 2018, Malik et al., 2019, Yilmaz et al., 2020, ...). If Z>0, it indicates an increasing trend, and vice versa. The test statistic Z is denoted by equation:
  • 7. Map showing the significance of trends and the spatial patterns of Sen`s slopes for monthly average temperature There is a statistically significant increase in the variability of average monthly temperatures for almost all weather stations.
  • 8. Map showing the significance of trends and the spatial patterns of Sen`s slopes for monthly precipitation The obtained results do not confirm the presence of long-term trends in the monthly precipitation series for the study area. For the majority of weather stations (with the exception of “Yavoriv” with a negative trend and “Jarocin” with a positive one), the trends are not statistically significant.
  • 9. Map showing the significance of trends and the spatial patterns of Sen`s slopes for monthly average discharge No significant increases or decreases in the stream discharge were observed during the monitoring periods for the majority of gauge stations with only a few exceptions.
  • 10. Map showing the significance of trends and the spatial patterns of Sen`s slopes for monthly average of surface water level Slightly different results were obtained for the average monthly water levels at the gauging stations. There is a significant decrease in the water levels altitudes for most observation points.
  • 11. Map showing the significance of trends and the spatial patterns of Sen`s slopes for monthly average of groundwater level In the case of groundwater levels, different trends are also observed. There is a certain territorial regularity, and decreasing tendencies in groundwater levels series of different aquifers are typical for the wells, which are located in the plain part of the basin, while increasing trends or absence of significant changes are normal for the mountainous area.
  • 12. Conclusions & Acknowledgements  The results of the MK test indicate the presence of divergent trends in the studied time series.  Differences in the formation of long-term variability of surface and groundwater levels compared to the dynamics of hydrological discharges, temperatures and precipitation may be explained by the higher level of anthropogenic factors influence (hydraulic engineering, water use, melioration) on the formation of water levels.  In general, the results of the analysis of current and historical ground- based observations from the monitoring points within the territory of the San river basin confirm the data of global remote sensing. Decreasing tendencies in groundwater levels series of different aquifers are typical for the wells, which are located in the plain part of the basin, while increasing trends and absence of statistically significant changes are normal for the mountainous area.  This research was prepared with the support of the Centre for East European Studies (University of Warsaw) in the frame of the Ivan Vyhovsky Award (2020/2021).
  • 13. International Conference of Young Professionals «GeoTerrace-2021» 4-6 October 2021, Lviv, Ukraine Thank you for your attention!