5661 5665.output

* GB786069 (A)
Description: GB786069 (A) ? 1957-11-13
Improvements in or relating to rail fastening devices
Description of GB786069 (A)
X a
PATENT SP 9 CIFICATION 786,3069 4 " Date of Application and filing
Complete
Specification: Oct 1, 1954 Na 2841754.
Application made in Switzerland on Oct 3, 1953.
%>: t'4 i Application made in Switzerland on Nay 6, 1953.
Application made in Switzerland on ian 7, 1954.
Application made in Switzerland on jan 25, 1954.
Complete Specification Published: Nov13, 1957.
Index at acceptance -Class 89 ( 2)3 C 1 (D:C:L), International
Classification:-FQ 6 b.
COMPLETE SPECI Ff C TION PATENTS ACT, 1949 SPECIFICATION No 786,069
In accordance with the Decision of the Superintending Examiner, acting
for the Comptroller-General, dated the thirtieth day of July, 1958
this Specification has been amended under Section 14 In the following
mamer:Page 2, delete lines 39 47 Inclusive.
Page 2, delete lines 123 125 Inclusive.
Page 2, line 126 for " 12 " read "ll".
Page 2, line 129 for, " 13 " read N 12 ".
Page 3, line 2 for " 14 " readc " 13 ".
THE PATENT OFFICE, 18th September, 1958 a spnng arim pumull w Ui Ucji
Jlurlllr, free end a rail flange against the bed of such sleeper,
characterised in that the spike is so constructed that the
sleeper-engaging portion is driven-in or otherwise anchored
immediately adjacent the rail flange and in an edge zone of the
sleeper, whereby the spring arm portion through its free end clampedly
engages the rail flange on or adjacent to the centre line of the
sleeper.
In order that the invention may be the more clearly understood
reference is made to the accompanying drawings wherein:Fig 1 is a side

view of a first constructional form of the invention:
Fig 2 is a front view according to Fig I; Fig 3 is a plan view
according to Fig 1:
Fie 4 is a plan view of a second constructional form: and Fig 5 is a
plan view of a third constructional form.
According to the constructional example shown in Figs 1-3, the elastic
spike consists of a driven-in pin portion l and of a resilient or
spring arm 3 connected thereto by a bent portion 2 and having its free
end designated lPrice 3161 DB 07875/1 ( 5)/3675 150 9/58 R a- r-t In
the constructional example according to Fig 4 the elastic arm 3, 6
extends from the bend 2 at an angle a away from the edge 70 of the
rail foot and then curves inwards to the point at which the arm end 6
contacts the surface of the rail foot 4, so that said elastic arm 3 is
subjected to a higher degree of torsional stressing than the elastic
arm 75 according to Figs 1-3.
In order to obtain a greater effective length for the elastic arm 3,
the constructional form according to Fig 5 is provided, wherein from
the bend 2 the elastic arm 3 80 first extends away from the end
portion 6 and then curves on a smooth curve or arc outwardly
longitudinally and inwardly to said end portion 6.
In the case of the elastic torsion spikes 85 of the general form
illustrated in Figs 1-5 variations are possible for example in Fie.
4 the part 3 forming the transition from the driven-in pin portion 1
to the pressure part 6 can form any desired angle a relatively to 90
the edge of the rail foot.
As will be seen from Figs 3, 4 and 5 the PATENT SPECIFICATION
Date of Application and filing Complete Specification: Oct 1, 1954.
786,069 Na 28417154.
Application made in Switzerland on Oct 3, 1953.
Application made in Switzerland on Nov 6, 1953.
Application made in Switzerland on Jan 7, 1954.
Application made in Switzerland on Jan 25, 1954.
Complete Specification Published: Nov 13, 1957.
Index at acceptance:-Class 89 ( 2)3 G 1 (D:G:1 L 9 International
Classification:-FO 6 b.
COMPLETE SPECIRICATION Improvements in or relating t; Rail Fastening
Devices I, HANS HODEL, a Swiss Citizen, of Chalet Bergsonne,
Engelberg, Switzerland, do hereby declare the invention, for which I
pray that a patent may be granted to me, and the method by which it is
to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following
statement: -
Elastic rail spikes of various types for fixing rails to sleepers have
been known and used in railway permanent way construction for a long
time They have proved their worth in practice and this is also the

reason why they are being used to an even greater degree.
The present invention has for its object the provision of improvements
in such elastic spikes the invention consists broadly of rail
fastening means including or consisting of an elastic one-piece spike
having a sleeper-engaging portion for driving into a sleeper and a
spring arm portion for depressing, with its free end, a rail flange
against the bed of such sleeper, characterised in that the spike is so
constructed that the sleeper-engaging portion is driven-in or
otherwise anchored immediately adjacent the rail flange and in an edge
zone of the sleeper, whereby the spring arm portion through its free
end clampedly engages the rail flange on or adjacent to the centre
line of the sleeper.
In order that the invention may be the more clearly understood
reference is made to the accompanying drawings wherein: Fig 1 is a
side view of a first constructional form of the invention, Fig 2 is a
front view according to Fig 1, Fig 3 is a plan view according to Fig 1
l Fig 4 is a plan view of a second constructional form; and Fig 5 is a
plan view of a third constructional form.
According to the constructional example shown in Figs 1-3, the elastic
spike consists of a driven-in pin portion 1 and of a resilient or
spring arm 3 connected thereto by a bent portion 2 and having its free
end designated lPrice 3/6 l as 6 The elastic spike is constituted by a
bent rolled metal bar of any desired crosssectional form,
advantageously of round cross-sectional form In order to fill the rail
50 4 to the support or sleeper 5, the pin portion of an elastic spike
is driven into the sleeper 5 immediately adjacent to the edge of the
foot or flange of the rail in the manner shown in the drawings, the
end 6 of the elastic arm 3 55 pressing the foot of the rail 4
downwards on to the support or sleeper 5.
Seen in plan view as shown in Fig 3, the elastic arm 3 extends
longitudinally of and parallel with the rail foot and engages only 60
at its short end 6 with the surface of said rail foot, in such a way
that it is subjected to torsional and bending stresses practically
over its entire length A further bend 7 brings the elastic arm 3 to
merge into the 65 relatively short end portion 6, which presses the
rail foot 4 on to the support 5.
In the constructional example according to Fig 4 the elastic arm 3, 6
extends from the bend 2 at an angle a away from the edge 70 of the
rail foot and then curves inwards to the point at which the arm end 6
contacts the surface of the rail foot 4, so that said elastic arm 3 is
subjected to a higher degree of torsional stressing than the elastic
arm 75 according to Figs 1-3.
In order to obtain a greater effective length for the elastic arm 3,
the constructional form according to Fig 5 is provided, wherein from

the bend 2 the elastic arm 3 80 first extends away from the end
portion 6 and then curves on a smooth curve or arc outwardly,
longitudinally and inwardly to said end portion 6.
In the case of the elastic torsion spikes 85 of the general form
illustrated in Figs 1-5 variations are possible, for example, in Fig.
4 the part 3 forming the transition from the driven-in pin portion 1
to the pressure part 6 can form any desired angle a relatively to 90
the edge of the rail foot.
As will be seen from Figs 3, 4 and 5, the 786,069 spikes are so driven
into the sleepers that the driven-in pin portion 1 is driven into the
edge zone of the sleeper 5 immediately in contact with the edge of the
rail foot, and the end portion 6 of the elastic arm 3 which engages
the rail foot presses the rail on to the sleeper 5 substantially over
the centre line of the said sleeper The result is thereby achieved
that the rail is always pressed centrally on to the sleeper This has
the advantage that the support of the rail on the sleeper corresponds
somewhat to a rocker bearing, in which the rail can rock about the
centre line of the sleeper, especially if an elastic interlayer is
inserted between the rail foot 4 and the sleeper 5 From the permanent
way constructional point of view this arrangement has the advantage
that the sleeper remains steadier in the ballast bed, that is: it
rocks less than hitherto known arrangements and consequently exerts a
more uniform stress on the ballast under the rail and thereby reduces
the amount of rail maintenance necessary.
The elastic spike 1, 3, 6 described is of such construction and is so
arranged that in order to release the rail 4 from the sleeper 5 the
spike-assuming that the pin portion 1 is of round section-need only be
partially drawn out and then swung away from the rail foot Therefore
the spike does not have to be completely drawn out of the sleeper in
order to release the rail.
Instead of using a single spike in each case, in accordance with the
construction shown in Figs 1 and 2, it is also possible to use two
spikes on one side of the rail foot 4, as shown in chain lines in Figs
1, 3 and 4.
In this case the two single-pin elastic spikes can be combined to form
one single two pin elastic spike, with the two pin portions 1 in
contact with the edge of the rail foot near the respective edges of
the sleeper, and the two end portions 6 in contact with each other
over the centre line of the sleeper and connected rigidly to one
another by any desired means, e g, by welding.
It will be seen that with such an arrangement of two laterally
inverted spikes (Figs.
1, 3 and 4), they are secured by virtue of their construction and
mutual arrangement against unintentional outward swinging of the arms

3, thereby securing the fastening device.
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* GB786070 (A)
Description: GB786070 (A) ? 1957-11-13
A new or improved annular cover fitment for the wheels of motor vehicles
PATENT SPECFICATION
Inventor: -NORMAN RYCROFT.
/ Index at Acceptance:-Class 144 ( 1), Ai G.
International Classification:-B 62 f.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Annular Cover Fitment for the Wheels of Motor
Vehicles.
786,070 We, CORNERCROFT LIMITED, of Ace Works, Queen Victoria Road,
Coventry, a Company with limited liability incorporated under the Laws
of Great Britain, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray
that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to
be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following
statement:-
This invention has reference to a new or improved annular cover
fitment for the wheels of motor vehicles.
It is well known to provide annular cover fitments for the wheels of
motor vehicles, including wheels of the pressed type, for improving
the appearance of the wheels, a well known fitment for the said
purpose being that manufactured by Cornercroft Limited and sold under
the Registered Trade Mark "Rimbellisher".
It is also known to provide annular cover fitments for the wheels of

motor vehicles as aforesaid with louvres or apertures which in
addition to serving as an embellishment are intended during the
rotation of a wheel to occasion the flow of currents of air around the
brake drum associated with the wheel to which a fitment is applied to
assist in the cooling thereof.
The present invention has for its object to provide a new or improved
annular cover fitment for the wheels of motor vehicles which is
pleasing in appearance, simple in construction, relatively cheap to
produce and which can be furnished with louvres or apertures for
embellishment purposes and for assisting in brake cooling if required.
According to the invention a new or improved annular cover fitment,
for the wheels lPrice 3 s 6 d l of motor vehicles, comprises a
composite structure consisting of an ornamental front section, adapted
to cover partially or wholly when viewed from the front the space
between a hub cap and the rim of a wheel, and an annular backing
section which is secured in unitary assembly with the front section by
turning the outer marginal portion of the one section over the outer
marginal portion of the other section, said annular backing section
being provided round the inner periphery thereof with a rearwardly
extending annular channel adapted to be engaged by retractile means
for securing the fitment to the wheel of a motor vehicle.
The invention also resides in a new or improved annular cover fitment
for the wheels of motor vehicles comprising a front section
incorporating a portion adjacent to the outer periphery thereof which
is adapted to cover the rim of the wheel, an intermediate portion
adapted to cover and enclose part of the space between the rim of the
wheel and the hub cap and a portion bounding the inner periphery of
the said front section which is adapted to cover substantially the
remainder of the space between the hub cap and the rim and which is
furnished with a plurality of louvres or apertures, and a backing
section which is secured in unitary assembly with the front section by
turning the outer marginal portion of the one section over the outer
marginal portion of the other section.
The invention also resides in a new or improved annular cover fitment
for the wheels of motor vehicles constructed, arranged and adapted for
use substantially as will be described hereinafter.
An embodiment of the invention will now Date of filing Complete
Specification: Oct 3, 1955.
Application Date: Oct 2, 1954 No 28428/54.
i 1 L be described with particular reference to the accompanying
drawings, wherein:Figure 1 is a front elevation of the new or improved
fitment for the wheels of motor vehicles.
Figure 2 is a rear elevation of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a view in vertical section showing the front and rear
sections prior to joining.
Figure 4 is a similar view to Figure 3 but showing the said sections
after joining and indicating the preferred means for securing the
fitment to the wheel of a motor vehicle.
In the drawings like numerals of reference indicate similar parts in
the several views.
According to the illustrated embodiment of the invention the new or
improved annular cover fitment for the wheels of motor vehicles is
formed from two sheet metal pressings namely one 10 constituting a
front section which may be of a non-corrodible light alloy polished or
treated to give an ornamental finish, or of sheet metal or metal alloy
which is subsequently plated or otherwise treated to afford an
ornamental finish, and the other 11 a backing section which may be
pressed from a relatively cheap sheet material and painted or treated
to resist corrosion.
The front section 10 is formed with a marginal portion 101 adjacent to
the outer periphery adapted to lie substantially in contact with the
rim of a wheel, an intermediate inwardly bellied portion 102 having a
curvature of easy radius which conforms partly to the configuration of
the surface of the rim which it is required to overlie and an inner
portion 103 bounding the inner periphery of the said front section
having an outwardly bulging curved surface of easy radius which merges
into the curved surface of the aforesaid inwardly bellied intermediate
portion 102.
The inner portion 103 aforesaid is provided with a plurality of
equidistantly spaced open mouthed louvres or apertures 104 of a
trumpet formation which during the rotation of the wheel to which the
fitment is applied occasion the creation of currents of air which are
caused to flow round the brake drum associated with the wheel to
assist in the cooling of the said brake drum.
The front section 10 is dimensioned so that the inner periphery of the
inner portion 103 is in substantially contiguity with the outer
periphery of the hub cap of the wheel to which the fitment is applied,
a small gap being permitted in practice between the hub cap and the
inner periphery of the said inner portion 103 of the front section 10
in order to admit of the insertion of a tool for removing the hub cap
when required.
The backing section 11 has a configuration which conforms in the main
to that of the outer and intermediate portions 101, 102 of the front
section 10 except that the inner peripheral portion of the backing
section 11 is shaped to constitute a rearwardly directed annular
channel 111 for a purpose to be described hereinafter 70 The front
section 10 and the backing section 11 are joined in unitary assembly

by spinning the outer marginal portion 105 of the front section 10
over the outer marginal portion of the backing section 11 75 The
rearwardly directed annular channel 111 aforesaid is intended to be
engaged by retractile means 12 for securing the fitment to the wheel
of a motor vehicle as described, illustrated and claimed in the
Specifications 80 of the prior British Patent Nos 656,432 and 661,900.
The front section 10 is provided with an annular indentation 106 which
serves to space the intermediate portion of the back 85 ing section 11
from contact with the presented surface of the front section 10.
An annular wheel cover fitment in accordance with the invention is
especially pleasing in appearance in view of the one piece con 90
struction of the front section 10 whilst the manner of construction
provides a unitary structure which is light, strong and easily fitted
to a wheel.
It is to be understood that although it is 95 preferred that a fitment
in accordance with the invention should incorporate ventilation
louvres or apertures it is not essential to the invention that such
louvres or apertures should be provided 100 It may be remarked here
that the expressions "front" and "rearwardly" as used in the foregoing
description refer to the orientation of the fitment as illustrated in
the drawings and has no connotation with re 105 spect to the position
of the fitment when in use on a wheel since when fitted to the wheel
of a motor vehicle the fitment would be viewed from the side of the
vehicle.
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* GB786071 (A)
Description: GB786071 (A) ? 1957-11-13
Improvements in or relating to speed regulating systems for direct-current
electric motors and rotary convertors

PATENT SPECIFICATION 786,0,;
Date of filing Complete Specification: Sept 28, 1955.
Index at Acceptance:-Classes 38 ( 3), J 2 F 1, J 12 (H 2: J); and 38 (
4), R( 4: 33 D 3 B: 67:68 112 A).
International Classification:-G 051 H 02 p.
Improvements in or relating to Speed Regulating Systems for
Direct-Current Electric Motors and Rotary Convertors.
We, W MA Cxi E AND Comr PANY LIMITED, a British Company, and SIDNEY
ALBERT MTN Ns, a British Subject, both of the Company's address, 129
Lambeth Road, London, S E 1, do hereby declare the invention, for
which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by
which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by
the following statement:This invention relates to speed regulating
systems for direct current motors and rotary convertors and, more
particularly, to systems in which a direct voltage is derived which
varies according to the speed of the motor or convertor, this, direct
voltage being used to control the alternating current output of a
transductor, which output is rectified and fed to the field winding of
a motor or convertor.
According to this invention a speed regulating system for a direct
current motor or rotary convertor comprises means for generating an
alternating voltage having a frequency varying in accordance with the
speed of the motor or convertor, means for applying this variable
frequency alternating voltage separately to two frequency-sensitive
circuits having frequency-current characteristics with different
slopes at the frequency corresponding to the required speed, rectifier
circuits for separately rectifying the current outputs of the two
frequency-sensitive circuits and for applying the two rectified
outputs to a control circuit for producing a single direct control
voltage dependent on the relative magnitudes of the two rectified
outputs, a transductor to which said control voltage is applied to
control the alternating current output of the transductor, a rectifier
for rectifying the alternating current output of the transductor and
means for feeding lPrice 3 s 6 d l the rectified transductor output to
a field winding of the motor or convertor.
The two frequency-sensitive circuits may have frequency-current
characteristics with slopes of opposite sign at the frequency
corresponding to the desired speed For example, one circuit might

contain inductance and resistance and the other capacity and
resistance; in this case, the circuits would not be resonant but would
each pass an alternating current which is dependent on the frequency
of the supply voltage to the circuits, Alternatively, the two circuits
may each be tuned circuits which are resonant at different
frequencies, one being tuned to a frequency above that corresponding
to the required speed and the other being tuned to a frequency below
that corresponding to the required speed Such tuned circuits might be
of either the series-resonant type or parallel-resonant type.
The alternating currents flowing in each of the two
frequency-sensitive circuits, after rectification, may be separately
fed through two separate resistances, these two resistances being
arranged to form two adjacent arms of a bridge circuit The remaining
two arms of the bridge may conveniently be formed by a potentiometer
and the output taken from the bridge circuit between the junction
between the aforementioned resistances and the tap on the
potentiometer By making the tap adjustable, control of the speed is
possible within small limits.
The output of the control circuit may be quite small whereas the
transductor may have to deliver quite a large power output.
In some cases, therefore, it may be desirable to use a transductor of
two or more stages in cascade A two-stage transductor, for example,
may be used comprising a first transductor unit to which is applied
the direct current output of said control circuit, a rectifier for
rectifying the output of the first transductor unit and a second
transductor unit controlled by the output of the first unit.
The alternating voltage applied to the two frequency-sensitive
circuits must have a frequency dependent on the speed of the motor or
convector to be controlled The invention is thus particularly
applicable to motor-alternator sets since the output of the alternator
can be used for supplying this alternating voltage The invention may,
however, be applied to direct-current motors by providing a suitable
alternating current generator coupled to the motor.
The alternating supply for the transductor may be obtained from any
convenient source since the frequency is not critical.
However, a relatively high frequency such as, for example, 1,000
cycles per second, is preferable to low frequencies (e g 50 cycles per
second) for considerations of transductor construction.
The motor or convertor may be provided with two field windings, one of
which, for example, is a shunt winding fed from an external
direct-current source and the other of which is a separate winding fed
from the transductor and rectifier circuit Alternatively, the
rectified transductor output may be connected in series with an
external direct voltage supply for energising a single field winding.

The following is a description of a number of embodiments of the
invention, reference being made to the accompanying drawings in
which:Figure 1 is a circuit diagram of a speed regulating system for a
motor alternator set; Figure 2 is a graphical diagram for explaining
the operation of the system in Figure 1;Figure 3 is a circuit diagram
of part of a modified form of the system of Figure 1; Figure 4 is a
graphical diagram for explaining the operation of the circuit of
Figure 3; Figure 5 is a circuit diagram of part of another modified
form of the system of Figure 1; Figure 6 is a graphical diagram for
explaining the operation of Figure 5; and Figure 7 is part of a
circuit diagram illustrating a modified form of arrangement for
applying a control voltage to a motor field winding.
Referring to Figure 1 there is shown diagrammatically a direct current
motor 10 having a main field winding 11 which is energised from a
direct current supply source, the motor shaft 12 being mechanically
coupled to an alternating current generator or alternator 13 which
provides an alternating current output at terminals 14, 15 The output
at the terminals 14, 15 will have a frequency which depends on the
speed of the motor 10 The alternating current generator 13 may be the
alternator portion of a motor-alternator set of which the frequency of
the output has to be regulated or it may be an auxiliary generator
coupled 70 to the shaft of the direct current motor 10 whose speed has
to be regulated Alternating current from the terminals 14, 15 is
applied to a pair of input terminals 16, 17 connected to a primary
winding 18 on a 75 transformer 19 which has two secondary windings 20,
21 The winding 20 is connected in a series circuit including a
variable inductance 22 and a full-wave rectifier 23 and the rectified
output from the rectifier 23 80 is applied across an adjustable
resistor 24.
The -winding 21 is connected in a series circuit with a capacitor 25
and a full-wave rectifier 26, the rectified output from the rectifier
26 being applied across an adjustable 85 resistor 27 The two resistors
24 27 are connected in series to form two anus of a bridge circuit the
other two arms of which are formed by the two tapped portions of an
adjustable potentiometer 28 90 Figure 2 is a graphical diagram
illustrating the relationship between the alternating currents in the
circuits associated with the windings 20, 21 and frequency The curve
shows how the current through the induc 95 tive circuit comprising
winding 20 and inductance 22 decreases with frequency, and curve 31
shows how the current through the capacitative circuit comprising
winding 21 and capacitor 25 increases with frequency 100 At some
particular frequency, as indicated by the dash line 32 in Figure 2,
the currents in these two circuits are equal The output from the
aforementioned bridge circuit comprising resistors 24, 27 and

potentiometer 105 28, which output is taken from the pair of leads 33,
will thus have a polarity and magnitude dependent on the direction and
amount of deviation of the frequency of the input at terminals 16, 17
from some pre 110 determined frequency This predetermined frequency
will depend on the settings of the resistors 24, 27 and the
potentiometer 28, and also on the magnitudes of the components in the
frequency sensitive circuits 115 associated with the windings 20, 21
This direct current output from the leads 33 is amplified by a
two-stage magnetic amplifier 34 For this purpose the output fromn the
leads 33 is applied to a control coil 35 of a 120 first transductor
unit 36 The direct current through the coil 35 controls the magnitude
of an alternating current through the main winding 37 of the
transductor unit 36, this alternating current being obtained from a
125 secondary winding 38 of a transformer 39 which has an input
winding 40 connected to a source of alternating current This
alternating current input to the winding 40 may be derived from the
alternating current 130 786,071 it would have to ba applied to as 3
ist the main field instead of opposing the main field.
Furthermore, it may be readily apparent, that, as shown in Figure 7,
the output from the rectifier 46 may be applied as shown 70 through
leads 60, 61 directly to the main field winding 11 of the motor 10 in
series with a direct voltage supply source 62.
Figure 3 illustrates a modified form offrequency sensitive bridge for
use in the 75 speed regulator system of Figure 1 For convenience
similar references to those used in Figure 1 are employed in Figure 3
for similar components and mention will only be made of the
distinctive features of the 80 modified circuit The winding 20 is
connected in series with an adjustable inductance and condenser 71
arranged to form a series resonant circuit Similarly the winding 21 is
connected in series with an adjust 85 able inductance 72 and a
condenser 73 which also form a series resonant circuit Figure 4
illustrates the relationship between the alternating currents in the
two resonant circuits and frequency As indicated in 90 Figure 4, one
of the resonant circuits is tuned to a frequency indicated by the dash
line 75 which is below the frequency (indicated by the dash line 76)
required from the alternating current generator 13 whereas the 95
other series resonant circuit is tuned to a frequency required from
the generator 13.
It will thus be seen that the balance of the bridge circuit and hence
the output of that circuit on leads 33, will vary according to 100 the
frequency of the generator 13 in a similar manner to the arrangement
of Figure 1.
Figure 5 illustrates yet another form of frequency sensitive bridge
circuit for use in 105 the speed rectifier system of Figure 1 In this

figure also the same reference numerals will be used as in Figure 1
for similar components and mention will only be made of the
modifications In Figure 5 the winding 110 is connected in series with
a parallel resonant circuit comprising an adjustable inductance 80 and
a condenser 81 The winding 21 likewise is connected in series with a
parallel resonant circuit formed by 115 an adjustable inductance 82
and a condenser 83 As indicated in Figure 6, which is a diagram
showing the relationship between the alternating currents in the two
tuned circuits, one of these tuned circuits is tuned 120 to a
frequency indicated by the dash line 84 which is below the required
output frequency of the generator 13 (indicated by dash line 85)
whereas the other tuned circuit is tuned to a frequency indicated by
the dash line 86 125 which is above the required frequency This
arrangement therefore will also provide a direct current output at
leads 33 having a polarity and magnitude dependent on the direction
and amount of deviation of the fre 130 generator 13 or it may be
derived from some external source of alternating current The
alternating current through the main winding 37 of the transductor 36
is rectified by a full wave rectifier 42 and applied to a control coil
43 of a second transductor unit 44 The direct current through the coil
43 controls the alternating current through the main winding 45 of the
transductor unit 44 This winding 45 is energised from the
aforementioned transformer 39 in parallel with winding 37, and the
output from the winding is rectified by a full wave rectifier 46 and
fed to an auxiliary field winding 47 for the direct current motor 10.
A positive -feed back winding 50 is provided on transductor unit 36,
this winding being energised from a full wave rectifier 51 connected
in the circuit of the main winding 37 of the transformer 36 This
positive feed back winding serves also to increase the amplification
available from the transductor since its energisation depends on the
output of unit 36 A further control winding 52 on the transductor unit
36 is connected in series with a condenser 53 across the output of the
rectifier 46, this winding 52 being wound as a negative feed back
winding to stabilise the system if there should be any tendency to
hunt If the output of the rectifier 46 is a pure direct current, then
the condenser 53 would prevent any current flowing through the winding
52 and thus this winding would not affect the operation of the
transductor ' If, however, there is any tendency for hunting to occur
in the system, so that there are surges of direct current in the
output of the rectifier 46, then these surges will be supplied through
the condenser 53 to the winding 52 which is wound to give negative
feed back and hence will tend to stabilise the controller against any
tendency to hunt.
It will be seen that with the system of Figure 1, any changes in the

speed of the motor 10 will cause changes in the frequency of the
output of the generator 13 and hence will cause corresponding changes
in the output, at leads 33, from the bridge circuit The direct current
output through these leads 33 will have a polarity and a magnitude
dependent on the direction and magnitude of the deviation of speed
from some predetermined value as previously explained This direct
voltage is amplified by the two stage magnetic amplifier and the
rectifier unit 34 and feed to the auxiliary field winding 47 of the
motor In the particular arrangement illustrated in Figure 1, the
auxiliary winding 47 is arranged to oppose the main winding 11 It will
be immediately apparent to those skilled in the art that by suitable
arrangement of the circuit, the output from the rectifier 46 to the
control winding may be made such that 786,071 quency at terminals 16
17 from some predetermined frequency.
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* GB786072 (A)
Description: GB786072 (A) ? 1957-11-13
Improvements relating to trays
I, GEORGE CECIL RHODES, a British
Subject, of 94 Wychall Road, Northfield,
Birmingham 31, in the County of Warwick, do hereby declare the
invention for which I pray that a patent may be granted to me, and the
method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in
and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to trays and to supporting means therefor and
has for its object to provide a supporting means whereby a tray may be

converted at will from its usual form in which it serves for carrying
articles about into a form in which it can serve as a bed tray or
table which can be rapidly converted back to its former use when no
longer required as a bed tray.
According to the present invention I provide supporting means for a
tray comprising an attachment member and a support member, said
attachment member being of shallow channel shaped configuration and
being adapted to be secured to the underside of a tray in a position
in which the base of the channel shaped attachment member is spaced
from the underside of the tray so as to form a slot in conjunction
therewith, said support member having one or more legs or like
elements and a flange portion projecting laterally therefrom, the
arrangement being that with the attachment member secured to the tray
as aforesaid, the flange portion is adapted to enter into the slot so
as to dispose the support member in its supporting relationship with
respect to the tray.
I may provide said attachment member with one or more slots
corresponding in number to the number of legs or like elements
provided on the support member, the arrangement being that said slot
or slots is or are adapted to receive the leg or legs of L_ 786,072
the support member in order to locate it in position.
The invention will now be particularly described with reference to the
accompanying drawings wherein:Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a
tray with attachment members and support members fitted thereto,
Figure 2 is a part-perspective view showing the uppermost part of an
attachment member and a coacting support member.
Figure 3 is a part-sectional view of an assembled attachment member
and support member in position on a tray, the section being taken
along a line running parallel to the length of the tray.
In this example the underneath of the tray has secured thereto at each
end an attachment member 11 conveniently formed of metal and provided
at each end with a thickened portion 12 by means of which it is
adapted to be secured to the underneath of the tray such as by the use
of suitable screws or rivets through holes 13 Said attachment member
11 is thus of shallow channel-shaped configuration.
When secured in position there is left a narrow gap or slot between
the underneath of the tray 10 and the upper surface of the base of the
attachment member 11.
A support member 14 is also conveniently formed from metal such as
aluminium or other light metal alloy and has a laterally projecting
flange portion 15, which may be slidden into the aforesaid slot so as
to dispose said support member in its supporting relationship with
respect to the tray 10.
Said support member 14 is also formed with a pair of supporting legs

16 which extend downwardly from the flange portion and which also
diverge in the outwards direction, each of these legs being provided
PATENT SPECIFICATION
Date of filing Complete Specification: Oct 10, 1955.
Complete Specifcation Pnbli Qhed: No V 13 19; 7.
Index at Acceptance:-Classes 52,2 j, W( 1 A: 2 D); and 52 ( 3), H( 14:
21).
International Classification:-A 47 b.
Improvements relating to Trays.
at its extremity with a ball or spherical shaped end 17 to provide a
suitable foot for resting upon the bed clothes or other surface when
the support member is attached to the tray.
The attachment member 11 below the tray is also provided along its
outer longitudinal edge with two spaced slots 18 corresponding in
position to the positioning of the legs 16 and adapted to receive the
upper ends of the legs when the support member 14 is slidden into
position so as to assist in rigidly securing said member 14 to the
underside of the tray and prevent any tendency for the support member
14 to skew or twist when in position.
With the present invention there is thus provided the means for
converting ordinary trays into bed trays or tables and also there is
provided a dual purpose article in the form of a tray which may serve
if desired as an ordinary tray or a bed tray.
* Sitemap
* Accessibility
* Legal notice
* Terms of use
* 5.8.23.4; 93p
* GB786073 (A)
Description: GB786073 (A) ? 1957-11-13
Improvements in or relating to splints for fractured limbs

Improvements in or relating to Splints for Fractured Limbs.
I, FRANK ARTY11 OARTEY WABEN, a
British Subject, of 25 Eastlands Way,
Oxted, in the County of Surrey, do hereby declare the invention, for
which I pray that a patent may be granted to me, and the method by
which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by
the following statement :
This invention relates to splints for fractured limbs, and
particularly to splint appliances for use in " first aid" to enable an
injured person to be transported to hospital.
It is an object of the invention to provide a relatively simple
construction of splint which can be applied more easily than those at
present in use, with the result that it can be used more quickly and
expeditiously, and by less skilled personnel. The improved splint is
moreover considerably more comfortable to the patient; it is also
easily adaptable for size and for position and condition of the
fracture as well as other variable factors.
According to the invention a splint for a fractured leg comprises a
rigid longitudinal member, arranged to extend alongside the patient's
body as well as alongside the outside only of the leg. a support
member at its upper end to fit against the side of the patient's body,
means for fastening said longitudinal member to the leg, a carriage
which is slidable along the longitudinal member, means for connecting
the carriage to the foot for extending the leg by sliding the carriage
along the longitudinal member, and locking means for fastening said
carriage thereon to hold the leg extended. The said fastening means
preferably comprises a flexible strap secured to the longitudinal
member and arranged to pass under the patient's crotch. Preferably the
locking means comprises a ratchet device operative to prevent return
movement of the carriage until it is released. Thus the carriage may
be provided with a pawl arranged to engage a series of ratchet or like
teeth upon the longitudinal member. Preferably the carriage also
carries a foot support, conveniently in the form of a plate, to hold
the foot in its normal position. The splint is conveniently
collapsible for transport and storage, the longitudinal member
preferably being hinged to fold together in sections.
Also the carriage may include an angle bracket or stirrup, the
elements of which are hinged together so as to lie fiat when out of
use. The longitudinal member is conveniently made of angle, channel or
like section metal enabling considerable stiffness to be achieved with

relatively small weight; the interior of the section provides
accommodation for certain of the parts when folded. A binder or spat
device is preferably provided to clasp the foot of the injured limb
and carries a readily detachable fastening device by which it can be
connected to the carriage in readiness for bringing about extension of
the limb. A detachable clip of the well-known form used on dogs' leads
and comprising a hook with a closure member, serves as a most suitable
connection between the spat device and the stirrup.
The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings which show
the preferred construction of splint and in which
Figure 1 is a front elevation of the splint;
Figure 2 is a sectional plan, taken on the line 22 of Figure 1 and
drawn to an enlarged scale; and
Figure 3 is a fragmentary side elevation of the lower part of the
splint as seen looking outwards in the direction of the arrow A of
Figure 1, the Fgure being drawn to an enlarged scale.
A longitudinal member 10 forms the splint proper and for convenience
of transport; and storage is made in two halves 10a, lOb united by a
hinge at 11, so that the lower half 10b can fold upwards as indicated
by the arrow B. A sliding bolt 12 locks the two halves in alignment
when the splint is in use.
The longitudinal member is made of light metal and is of splayed
U-shape in section as shown in Figure 2, with its flanges 13, 14
conveniently disposed approximately at right angles. When the two
halves are folded together, the upper part 10a occupies the position
shown in broken lines and the two halves form a robust, casing-like
assembly with an internal space 15 within which straps and accessories
can be stored. The longitudinal member is conveniently of such a
length that on a person of average height it extends approximately
from the waist or chest to say six inches beyond the bottom of the
foot. The upper half 10a is provided with a pad 16, say of sponge
rubber, to bear against the side of the patient's body, its upper end
being fitted with a crescent shaped support member 17 to fit against
the side of the patient's body. A strap 18 anchored upon a pin 19 is
adapted to pass under the patient's crotch and is formed with
eyeletted holes 20 for enabling its free end to be adjustably fastened
to the pin 19.
For attaching the splint to the thigh a slider 1 is mounted slidably
upon the longitudinal member 10 and is provided with a pair of straps
22, 23 which are shown in broken lines for clarity, their free ends
being adjustably attachable to buckles 24, 25, respectively. A further
strap (not shown) is usually provided to secure the patient's knee to
the longitudinal member 10 when required.
At its lower part the longitudinal member 10 has a carriage 26 mounted

slidably upon it, said carriage being made of sheet metal bent to
encircle the longitudinal member, with its edges directed outwards to
form a pair of spaced flanges 27, 28, as is shown in broken lines in
Figure 2. A block 29 is fixed between these flanges and forms a
mounting for a leaf spring 30 which extends obliquely upwards and
inwards, so that its tip normally engages with a succession of ratchet
teeth 31 cut in the outside of the longitudinal member 10. Thus the
carriage 26 can be pulled downwards but is immediately checked by the
spring 30 and teeth 31 to prevent upward movement. For initial
adjustment and for releasing the carriage 26, the spring 30 can be
pulled outwards by hand, or prised outwards, the flanges 27, 28 being
shaped for this purpose. Mounted upon the inside face of the carriage
26 is a foot support 32 in the form of a rectangular plate having its
front and rear edges curled outwards.
The carriage 26 also has a folding angle bracket comprising a fixed
vertical part 33 secured to the carriage, and a hinged part 34 which
in use extends inwards it right angles as shown in Figure 1, but is
foldable downwards into the member 10 in the direction shown by the
arrow C; the hinge is constructed so that the part 34 cannot move
upwards beyond the horizontal, even when subjected to substantial
load. It has an eye 35 to which a spat device 36 can be secured
detachably, said spat device conveniently having a V-shaped strap 37
provided with a fastener 38 of the type normally used on dog leads.
The spat device 36 has straps 39 adapted to be bound round the ankle
of the patient after the spat device 37 has been placed over the foot,
the ends of the straps 39 then being passed round the longitudinal
member to keep the patient's foot snugly against the face of the
support plate 32. When these steps have been taken the bracket 33, 34
is pulled gently in the downward direction to elongate the leg and
overcome the muscular contraction which takes place when a limb is
fractured, this movement being continued until the patient feels
relief from pain, thus showing that the bones have substantially
regained their normal positions.
The carriage 26 is of course prevented from returning upwards
inadvertently, although it is best to lock it in position with a
binding, just in case the ratchet spring might be released
accidentally.
It will be understood that the above details are given by way of
example only and various modifications may be made to suit
requirements. For instance, instead of the retaining spring 30 a
pivoted detent pawl could be used.
What I claim is
1. A splint for a fractured leg comprising a rigid longitudinal member
arranged to extend alongside the patient's body as well as alongside

the outside only of the leg, a support member at its upper end to fit
against the side of the patient's body, means for fastening said
longitudinal member to the leg, a carriage which is slidable along the
longitudinal member, means for connecting the carriage to the foot for
extending the leg by sliding the carriage along the longitudinal
member, and locking means for fastening said carriage thereon to hold
the leg extended.
2. A splint as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the said fastening means
comprises a flexible strap secured to the longitudinal member and
arranged to pass under the patient's crotch.
3. A splint as claimed in Claim 1 or 2, wherein the locking means
comprises a ratchet device operative to prevent return movement of the
carriage until it is released.
4. A splint as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein a succession of
ratchet teeth are provided on the longitudinal member and are engaged
by a pawl on the carriage.
5. A splint as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the carriage
carries a foot support adapted to hold the foot substantially

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