introdunction of analytical paragraph

1. Analytical
Paragraph
Class
IX - X

2. Analytical Paragraph?
It’s a type of descriptive writing based on the
analysis (comparison & contrast) of the facts given
in the form of CHART, GRAPH, TABLE etc.
Analysis of data + write up = Analytical Paragraph

3. Features of Analytical Paragraph
Analyses & describes the given data (chart, graph, table etc.)
Brief but comprehensive
Makes use of simple and direct language
Makes use of tense with respect to the question
Personal opinion is provided only if it is asked
Use of PASSIVE VOICE is preferred

4. Format
1. Introduction:
(1 or 2 lines to tell about the topic in brief)
2. Body:
(detail of the data by mentioning trends, comparison &
contrast)
3. Conclusion:
(Sum up the topic by giving overall summary)

5. Presentation of Information
• Compare & contrast the data.
• Organise the data by first mentioning the most and
the least difference followed by the normal difference
and at last mention the unchanging/unchanged data.
• Mention the quantities precisely and accurately.
• Make appropriate use of the connectors and the
transitional phrases to bring out coherence and
cohesion.

6. Introductory Phrases
The
The given
The supplied
The provided
The presented
Chart
Report
Table
Diagram
Graph
Data
Illustration
Presentation
Shows
Explains
Presents
Illustrates
Indicates
Expresses
Represents
Demonstrates

7. Important Phrases to describe the data
1. For describing Trends:
Showing rise - rapidly doubled, skyrocketed, striking increase, peaked,
soaring rates, starting to rise etc.
Showing fall - declined, plummeted, starting to fall, dropped down etc.
Showing no growth - levelled off, stagnated etc.
Showing rise & fall – fluctuate
2. Describing Quantities:
25/50/100% of, one third/forth/fifth etc. of, about/almost 90%, majority,
on an average, twice/thrice as much, almost equal, the highest, the
lowest, very close to 10/20/30% etc, roughly, approximately, just
under/over 5% etc.

8. 3.Showing relationship and/or Contrast:
Relationship between, similarly, in contrast with, in
comparison to, but in the opposite case, however,
whereas, when it comes to, as opposed to, while,
striking difference, noticeable difference etc.
4.Conclusion phrases:
Overall, subsequently, in all, in a nutshell, for the
chart given, in short, including, therefore, to
conclude, as a whole, to summarise etc.

9. Maps, Charts & Graphs for Analytical Writing

10. Analysis of the data
Students need to study the data carefully and write it in
paragraph form using appropriate tenses as per the context.
They may be demanded to:
Compare the features of the two places marking the
similarities & dissimilarities.
Write the changes happened in at a place over a period of
time.
Write about the present features of a place and propose
the possible future developments.

11. Contextual Vocabulary
Buildings: demolished, knocked down, renovated, built,
constructed, developed, extended, expanded, relocated,
converted, modernized etc.
Trees & forests: cleared, cut down, chopped down, planted,
developed etc.
Roads, Bridges & Railway Lines: constructed, laid down, built,
extended etc.
Other facilities – hotel, park, market etc : opened, set up,
developed etc.

12. Prepositions of Location
To left/right/South/North/East/West,
in front of, across, behind, on, over,
above, in, at, beside, off, by etc.

13. Different ways to express the same data
Words Percentage Fractions
A quarter 25% 1/4
A third 33% 1/3
Half 50% 1/2
Two thirds 66% 2/3
Three quarters 75% 3/4

14. Words & phrases for the analysis of Line Graphs
Upward Trend Downward Trend Others
The climb/climbed the drop/dropped Reached a plateau …
The increase/increased The decrease/decreased Remained
unchanged/stable/steady
The rise/rose The decline/declined Fluctuated
The growth/grew The fall/fell Doubled/tripled
Saw/witnessed an
increase/a growth/rise
Saw/witnessed a
drop/fall/decrease/decline
Hit a high of … The dip/dipped
Went down
Hit a low of …

15. Adjectives & Adverbs to add detail to the above words & phrases
Adjectives Adverbs
Rapid Rapidly
Sharp Sharply
Steady Steadily
Steep Steeply
Dramatic Dramatically
Significant Significantly
Slight Slightly
Gentle Gently

16. Example

17. The given graph shows birth and death rates starting from 1901 till 2101.
Since 1901, the birth rate has remained more than the death rate until 2041.
Birth rate was 20000 in 1901 and started increasing gradually. It peaked in 1961
to around 65000. From 1961, birth rate has fluctuated multiple times between
50000 and 60000. It is expected to decline for the coming years reaching
approximately 42000 by 2101. On the other hand, the death rate stood at around
10000 in 1901 and then has increased steadily. It is expected to rise strikingly
from 2021 before leveling off to approximately 60000 between 2061 and 2081.
The graph indicates a slight decline in deaths in the year 2101.
The graph shows the huge gap between birth rate and death during 1961 to
2001. However, this gap is expected to reduce in the later years. Overall, as
opposed to the prevailing trends, the death rate will be more than the birth rate
in the later half of the 21st century.