41. 41
参考文献
• Harbord RM, Deeks JJ, Egger M, Whiting P, Sterne JA. A
unification of models for meta-analysis of diagnostic
accuracy studies. Biostatistics 2007; 8: 239-251.
• Macaskill P, Gatsonis C, Deeks JJ, Harbord RM,
Takwoingi Y. Chapter 10: Analysing and Presenting
Results. In: Deeks JJ, Bossuyt PM, Gatsonis C (editors),
Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of
Diagnostic Test Accuracy Version 1.0. The Cochrane
Collaboration, 2010.
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参考文献
• Moses LE, Shapiro D, Littenberg B. Combining
independent studies of a diagnostic test into a summary
ROC curve: data-analytic approaches and some
additional considerations. Statistics in Medicine 1993;
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• Reitsma JB, Glas AS, Rutjes AW, Scholten RJ, Bossuyt
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44. 44
診断テストに関する2×2分割表
Disease status
(reference standard result)
Test outcome
(index test)
Diseased
(D+)
Non-diseased
(D-)
Total
Index test
positive (T+)
True positives
(a)
False positives
(b)
Test positives
(a+b)
Index test
negative (T-)
False negatives
(c)
True negatives
(d)
Test negatives
(c+d)
Total Disease
positives (a+c)
Disease
negatives (b+d)
N
(a+b+c+d)
45. 45
感度及び特異度
感度:The probability that the index test
result will be positive in a diseased case
推定値 = a/(a+c)
特異度:The probability that the index test
result will be negative in non-diseased
推定値 = d/(b+d)
False positive rate = 1-特異度(b/(b+d))
Youden’s index = 感度+特異度-1
46. 46
的中率
陽性的中率:The probability that a case with
a positive index test result is diseased
推定値 = a/(a+b)
陰性的中率:The probability that a case with
a negative index test result is non-diseased
推定値 = d/(c+d)