Contents of the PPT are: * Organisation * Features of Organisation * Organisational Behaviour * Concept of OB * Nature of OB * Challenges of OB * Importance/Role of OB * Approaches of OB

1. ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
Presented By :
SRISHTI

2. Contents:
 Oraganisation
 Features of Organisation
 Organisational Behaviour
 Concept of OB
 Nature of OB
 Challenges of OB
 Importance of OB
 Approaches to OB

4. Features of Organisation:
 Identifiable Aggregation of human Beings
 Deliberate and Conscious Creation
 Purposive Creation
 Coordination of Activities
 Structure
 Rationality

5. ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
“Organisational Behaviour is concerned with the
study of what people do in an organisation and
how that behaviour affects the performance of the
organisation.”

6. ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
 Aldag and Brief defined OB as:
“Organisational Behaviour is a branch of the social
sciences that seeks to build theories that can be
applied to predicting, understanding, and controlling
behaivour in work oraganisations.”
 Callahan defined OB as:
“Organisational Behaviour is s subset of management
activities concerned with understanding, predicting and
influencing individual behaviour in organisational
settings.”

7. Concept Of OB:
 A key aspect to maintain and enhance interaction
levels amongst employees
 Other attributes like leadership, openness to discuss
problems, challenge initiative are all tied in to this base
concept of OB to help the business achieve its
strategic & in some cases business objectives.
 It is an eclectic field of study involving the integration of
the behavioural sciences into the study of people’s
behaviour within organisations.

9. Nature Of OB:
 A Field of Study and not a Discipline
 Interdisciplinary Approach
 An Applied Science
 Normative and Value centred
 Humanistic and Optimistic
 Oriented, towards Organisational Behaviour
 A Total Systems Approach

10. Challenges in Organisational Behaviour:
1. Cross-Cultural Dynamics
2. Workforce diversity
3. Increasing workforce aspirations
4. Increasing quality consciousness
5. Newer organisational designs
6. Mergers and acquisitions

11. Importance Of OB:
1. Understanding Human Behaviour
(Individual level, Interpersonal level, Group level,
Intergroup level)
2. Controlling and Directing Human Behaviour
(Use of Power and Sanction, Leadership,
Communication, Organisational Climate)
3. Organisational Adaptation

12. Various Approaches to OB :
 Scientific Management
 Bureaucracy
 Human Relation Approach
 Social System Approach

13. SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT
“Scientific management is concerned with knowing exactly what you
want men to do and then see in that they do it in the best &
cheapest way.”
 Emphasis on obtaining increased productivity from
individual workers through the technical structuring of
the work organisation and the provision of monetary
incentives as the motivator for higher levels of output.
 Major Contributor - FW TAYLOR (1856 - 1917) - held
the view that there was a best working method by which
people should undertake their jobs.

14. Weber’s Bureaucracy
Features Of Bureaucracy
 Job Specialisation
 Authority Hierarchy
 Division of Work
 Formal Rules and
Regulations
 Impersonal Relationships
 Official Records
Criticisms of Bureaucracy
 Lack of attention to the
informal organisation.
 Restriction of psychological
growth
 Bureaucratic dysfunction
*Weber proposed a bureaucratic form of structure that he believed would work
for all organisations.
*Embraced logic, rationality, efficiency.

15. HUMAN RELATIONS APPROACH
 During the 1920s, attention began to focus on social factors at
work, groups, leadership, the informal organisation and
behaviour of people.
 ‘Behavioural’ and ‘informal’ are alternative headings sometimes
given to this approach.
 Turning point came with the famous Hawthorne experiments at
the Western Electric Company in America (1924-32)
 One of the researchers (leader) was ELTON MAYO (1880-
1949)

16. HUMAN RELATIONS APPROACH(contd.)
Four Main Phases to the Hawthorne Experiments
 The Illumination Experiments - level of production was
influenced by factors other than changes in physical conditions of
work.
 The Relay Assembly Test Room - attention and interest by
management reason for higher productivity.
 The Interviewing Programme -20,000 interviews. Highlighted the
need for management to listen to workers.
 The Bank Wiring Observation Room - Piecework Incentive
Scheme. Group pressures stronger than financial incentives
offered by management.

17. Social System Approach
 Organisation is a social system, a system of cultural
relationships.
 Relationships exist among the external as well as internal
environment of the organisation.
 Cooperation among group members is necessary for the
achievement of organisational objectives.
 For effective management, efforts should be made for
establishing harmony between goals of the organisation &
the various groups therein.