PCPNDT PRECONCEPTION AND PRENATAL DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUE

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PRECONCEPTION &
PRENATAL DIAGNOSTIC
TECHNIQUES (PCPNDT)
ACT, 1994
BY;NAZMA (84)
SAKSHI (116)

2. INTRODUCTION
• The prenatal diagnostic techniques
(Regulations and Prevention of Misuse)
Act,1994 has been amended to make it
more comprehensive.
• The amended act and rules came into
force with effect from April 2003 and
PNDT Act renamed as Preconception and
Prenatal Diagnostic
Technique(prohibition of sex selection)
Act ,1994 to make it more comprehensive.
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3. REASONS FOR THE
AMENDMENT
• G.O.I. has amended the PNDT Act to
PCPNDT Act keeping in view the
emerging technologies for selection of
sex before and after conception and
problems faced in working of the act.
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4. PROBLEM
• India had lost over 10 million girls because of female
foeticide in last 20 Years
• 2 million females are killed before or at birth simply
because of their sex.
• 35 % Districts in India have lower Child sex ratio
than National Average.
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5. AIM
• The act provides for the prohibition of
sex selection before and after conception
and for the regulation of prenatal
diagnostic techniques for the purpose of
detecting genetic abnormalities or
metabolic disorders or chromosomal
abnormalities or congenital malformations
or sex linked disorders and for prevention
of their misuse for sex determination
leading to female foeticide and for
matters connected therewith.
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6. PURPOSE
• PCPNDT can be used for detection of
abnormalities:
Chromosomal Abnormalities
Genetic Metabolic Diseases
Haemoglobinopathies
Sex-linked genetic diseases
Congenital abnormalities
Any other abnormalities
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7. CONDITIONS TO BE
FULFILLED
Age of pregnant women is above 35 years
Two or more spontaneous abortions
Pregnant women has been exposed to drugs,
radiation, infection or chemicals
Family history of mental retardation or
physical deformities
Any other condition
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8. ESSENTIAL
COMMUNICATIONS
• Explanation of all known side/ after effects & test
procedures
• Written consent in prescribed form & its copy given
to her
• Not to disclose sex of the fetus by words, signs
etc.
• Display prominently in local language that
disclosure of sex of fetus is prohibited under law.
• Registration certificate to be displayed prominently
in the clinic.
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9. REGULATION OF PRENATAL
DIAGNOSIS
• TECHNIQUES
• PERSONS
• PLACES
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10. DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES
• USG
• Foetoscopy
• Sampling & analysis of
amniotic fluid
chorionic villi
blood
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11. PLACES
• Genetic Counselling Centre
• Genetic Clinic
• Genetic Laboratory
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12. A. Genetic Counselling Centre
• An institute
• Hospital
• Nursing home
• Any place
by whatever name called which provides
genetic counselling to patients.
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13. B. Genetic Clinic
• A clinic
• Institute
• Hospital
• Nursing home
• Any place
by whatever name called which is used for
conducting pre-natal diagnostic
procedures.
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14. C. Genetic Laboratory
• A laboratory; and
• Includes a place
where facilities are provided for
conducting analysis or tests of samples
received from Genetic Clinic for pre-natal
diagnostic test.
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15. PERSONS
A. Gynaecologist
B. Medical Geneticist
C. Paediatrician
D. Registered Medical Practitioner
E. Laboratory technician
F. Radiologist
G. Sonologist or Imaging Specialist
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16. GYNAECOLOGIST
• For a genetic counselling centre, the gynaecologist
must have
– 6 months experience in genetic counselling ; or
– 4 weeks training in genetic counselling .
• For a genetic clinic, the gynaecologist should have
adequate experience in pre-natal diagnostic
procedures i.e. should have performed at least 20
procedures in chorionic villi aspirations per vagina or
per abdomen, chorionic villi biopsy, amniocentesis,
cordocentesis foetoscopy, foetal skin or organ biopsy
or foetal blood sampling etc. under supervision of an
experienced gynaecologist in these fields.
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17. RMP
• For the purposes of a genetic clinic the
registered medical practitioner should
have
– post graduate degree or
– diploma or
– six months training or
– one year experience in sonography or image
scanning.
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18. REGISTRATION
• All bodies under the PCPNDT Act namely Genetic
Counselling Centre, Genetic Laboratory or Genetic
Clinic cannot function unless registered.
• The requirement of registration is mandatory
whether the body is government, private, voluntary,
honorary, part-time, contractual or consultative.
• However the PCPNDT Act allows registration of these
bodies either separately or jointly when a body is for
instance both a centre and a clinic.
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19. Procedure for Registration
A. Every application for registration shall be
made TO:
– Chief Medical Officer of the district; or
any other medical officer constituted as an
appropriate authority
– Medical officer constituted as appropriate
authority for the sub-district within whose
area or jurisdiction the centre, clinic or
laboratory is situated.
B. Every application shall be made in duplicate
in Form A which is appended to the rules. 19

20. OFFENCES
• Prohibition of advertisement relating to
pre natal determination of sex.
• Offender to be punishable with fine
which may extend to 50,000 rupees
• Imprisonment for a term of 3 years
• Cancellation of registration as a Medical
Practitioner .
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S.no Offences Penalty
1 For contravention of
provisions of the Act
Imprisonment for 3 years
fine up to 10,000 rupees
on subsequent conviction,
imprisonment which may extend
to 5 years and fine upto Rs
50,000
2 Registered Medical
Practitioner who has been
convicted by the court
Appropriate authority to report to
State Medical Council for taking
necessary action.
3 Person who seeks the aid
of any Gentic Counselling
centre,Genetic
Laborotary,Genetic Clinic
for conducting PNDT on
any pregnant women
Imprisonment for a term which
may extend to 3 years and
fine which may extend to Rs .
50,000. on subsequent
conviction, imprisonment
which may extend to 5 years Fine
which may extend to one lakh
rupees.
4 Pregnant women when
compelled by her husband
or any relative to go for
PNDT
Shall be liable for abetment.
(instigates or Intentionally
aiding

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