Pogo mine infectious disease prevention
â˘Als PPTX, PDF herunterladenâ˘
4 gefällt mirâ˘1,658 views
Wellness campaign designed to educated employees about infections disease transmission, with an emphasis on infectious skin conditions.
Empfohlen
Empfohlen
Weitere ähnliche Inhalte
Was ist angesagt?
Was ist angesagt? (20)
Andere mochten auch
Ăhnlich wie Pogo mine infectious disease prevention
Ăhnlich wie Pogo mine infectious disease prevention (20)
Mehr von Mira Lisa Scharff BS, Paramedic
Mehr von Mira Lisa Scharff BS, Paramedic (7)
KĂźrzlich hochgeladen
KĂźrzlich hochgeladen (20)
Pogo mine infectious disease prevention
- 2. ⢠What Makes Us Sick â Infectious Agents/ Sign and Symptoms ⢠How We Get Sick â Illness and Disease Transmission ⢠How to Not Get Sick â Infection Control ⢠Preventing the Spread â Illness and Disease Surveillance ⢠Planning Ahead â Pogo Mine Pandemic Virus Preparedness and Response Plan Topic Overview
- 3. Infectious Disease Pathogens (microbes/germs) Microorganisms that cause disease are called pathogens and the diseases they cause are called infectious diseases â Bacteria â (i.e. salmonella) â Viruses â (i.e. shingles) â Fungi - (i.e. athleteâs foot) â Parasites â (i.e. lice)
- 4. Bacteria ⢠Our Predecessors ⢠Numerous ⢠Some Good â Gut Flora â Sewage Treatment â Production of Yogurt and Cheese â Mining recovery processes ⢠Some Bad â Some species of bacteria are infectious (cause disease) ⢠Common Infectious Bacterial Pathogens â Salmonella â E Coli â Staph â Strep â Gonorrhea/Chlamydia
- 5. Bacterial Infections ⢠Signs & Symptoms â Related to system affected ⢠Pain (eye, ear, urinary tract) ⢠Hearing loss - ear ⢠Shortness of breath (respiratory) ⢠Fever ( +100.0 F) ⢠Treatment â Antibiotics â Supportive Care ⢠Prevention â Proper Personal Hygiene â Frequent Hand washing â Maintain optimal heath (hydration, balanced diet, supplements, sleep)
- 8. Risk of Untreated Infections Cellulitis Progression to Necrotizing Fasciitis
- 9. Bacterial Skin Infections ⢠Signs & Symptoms â Pain â Red warm skin â Inflammation or âtightâ skin ⢠Treatment â Some will self resolve with proper care â Oral Antibiotics ⢠Prevention â Proper Personal Hygiene â Regular laundering of clothes and bedding â Clean all open wounds immediately with warm water and soap â Report to MAS for all open wounds â Maintain optimal heath (hydration, balanced diet, supplements, sleep)
- 10. Viruses ⢠A virus is a very small pathogen ⢠Use Host for Survival ⢠Common Viruses â Influenza/Cold viruses â Chicken Pox â Shingles â Herpes â HIV Virus â Hepatitis Virus â Ebola Virus ⢠Variable virulence (i.e. flu vs. Ebola) ⢠Lifelong Vs. Temporary Infection ⢠Vaccines instead of cures
- 11. Viral Skin Infections ⢠Signs & Symptoms â Pain â Burning or stinging sensation â Blisters â Low grade fever ⢠Treatment â Anti-viral medication â Topical anesthetics â OTC pain medication â Supportive care (rest, hydration, ⢠Prevention â Proper Personal Hygiene â Safe Sex Practices â Maintain optimal heath (hydration, balanced diet, supplements, sleep)
- 13. Viral Skin Infections Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) I and II and Shingles
- 14. Fungi ⢠Largest and most versatile microbes ⢠Found in air, water, on surfaces, in and on our bodies. ⢠Feast on host â absorb nutrients ⢠Some Bad â Athleteâs foot, ringworm, jock itch, diaper rash, thrush and vaginal yeast infections are all common caused by fungi. ⢠Some Good â In industry, Fungi are used in beer making (yeast) and pharmaceuticals (antibiotics) ⢠Common Fungal Infections â Ringworm ⢠Athleteâs Foot ⢠Fungal Nail Infections ⢠Fungal Scalp Infections ⢠Jock Itch â Yeast Infections ⢠Vaginal yeast ⢠Thrush (infants) â Diaper Rash ??
- 15. Fungal Infection (Superficial) ⢠Signs & Symptoms â Itching â Red-White flaky patches â Peeling Skin (Athleteâs Foot) â Inflammation ⢠Treatment â Topical Antifungal Medications â Oral Antifungal Medication ⢠Prevention â Footwear in communal showers and locker rooms â Keep feet dry â Maintain optimal heath (hydration, balanced diet, supplements, sleep)
- 17. Parasites ⢠Scabies â Caused by Mites (reservoir) â Burrows under hostâs skin â Inflammatory response causes symptoms ⢠Lice â Small wingless insects about the size of sesame seeds with six legs equipped with claws to grasp the hair. â Louse eggs - called nits - are laid on the human scalp by live lice. ⢠Bed Bugs â Commonly found in communal sleeping environments (hotels and dorms) â Infest mattresses and bedding â Generally active at night, biting individual while they sleep
- 18. Parasitic Bites and Infestation
- 20. Parasitic Bites and Infestation ⢠Signs & Symptoms â Itching â Red Inflamed skin â Visible bites â Visible parasites â Evidence of infestation in environment ⢠Treatment â Lice: physical removal with medicated shampoo (RID) and lice comb â Antihistamines â Steroids (rare) ⢠Prevention â Proper Personal Hygiene â Regular laundering of cloths and bedding â Maintain optimal heath (hydration, balanced diet, supplements, sleep)
- 21. How We Get Sick ⢠Illness & Disease Transmission â Airborne Transmission ⢠Coughing ⢠Sneezing â Vector borne Transmission ⢠Insect and animal bites â Bloodborne Transmission ⢠Sexual Contact ⢠Contact with blood and body fluids ⢠Needlesticks (medical, unregulated tattoo) â Contact Transmission ⢠Direct Contact (i.e. Hand Shaking, Kissing) ⢠Indirect Contact â Communal Surfaces â Ingestion ⢠Eating or drinking contaminated food or water â Undercooked foods â Raw Foods â Ice
- 22. Chain of Disease Transmission
- 23. How to Avoid Getting Sick ⢠Infection Control
- 24. Hand Washing ⢠Before Eating ⢠After Bathroom ⢠After Coughing or Sneezing ⢠At Least 30 Seconds ⢠Very Warm Water ⢠Soap ⢠Lather
- 25. Preventing the Spread ⢠Illness Surveillance and Response â WHO - International â CDC - National â News Reports â Regional and Local â Sick in Quarter Trends ⢠âIllness Early Alertsâ Notifications ⢠Focus cleaning and disinfection of key communal; surfaces
- 26. Planning and Preparedness ⢠The Planning, Preparation, and Response to a potential pandemic event fall within three (3) distinct phases: â Level 1: Monitoring and Assessment â Level 2: Escalation and Triggering Events â Level 3: Crisis Management Team Activation and Implementation.
- 27. Questions?
- 28. Bacteria ⢠Our Predecessors â Among the first life forms to appear on earth â Present in soil, fresh water, ocean, animals and humans ⢠Numerous â Typically 40 million bacterial cells in a gram of soil ⢠Most Good â Gut flora/Probiotics â Sewage treatment, â The breakdown of oil spills, â The production of cheese and yogurt â Recovery of gold, copper and other metals in the mining sector ⢠Some Bad â Some species of bacteria are infectious (cause disease)
- 29. Viruses ⢠Living Organisms ⢠Host Cell ⢠Sequence of Illness â Moving in ⢠Variable virulence ⢠Duration of Illness â Acute â Chronic â Latent ⢠Prevention
- 30. Fungi ⢠Largest and most versatile microbes ⢠Found in air, water, on surfaces, in and on our bodies. ⢠Feast on host â absorb nutrients ⢠Some Bad ⢠Some Good ⢠Common Fungal Infections â Ringworm ⢠Athleteâs Foot ⢠Fungal Nail Infections ⢠Fungal Scalp Infections ⢠Jock Itch â Yeast Infections ⢠Vaginal yeast ⢠Thrush (infants) â Diaper Rash
Hinweis der Redaktion
- Salmonnella
- Bacteria were among the first life forms to appear on earth, and are present in soil, fresh water, ocean, animals and humans. There are typically 40 million bacterial cells in a gram of soil There are approximately ten times as many bacterial cells in the body as there are human cells in the body Most of the bacteria in the body are rendered harmless by the immune system, and some are beneficial. bacteria are important in sewage treatment, the breakdown of oil spills, the production of cheese and yogurt, and the recovery of gold, copper and other metals in the mining sector
- Most viruses are too small to be seen by the human eye or an optical microscope with the average virus about one one-hundredth the size of the average bacterium. A virus is a very small pathogen that only replicates inside a living cell of other organisms Viruses use their host organism for survival Virulence Some viruses can cause lifelong or chronic infections, where the viruses continue to replicate in the body Viral infections in animals provoke an immune response that usually eliminates the infecting virus. Immune responses can also be produced by vaccines Other viruses are fought off by our bodies immune system Viruses cannot be âcuredâ although there are vaccinations for some. Viruses spread in many ways;  Coughing and sneezing Fecal/oral route Person to person by contact Entering the body in food or water. Sexual contact Exposure to infected blood. Prevention and treatment Because viruses use vital metabolic pathways within host cells to replicate, they are difficult to eliminate without using drugs that cause toxic effects to host cells in general. The most effective medical approaches to viral diseases are vaccinations to provide immunity to infection, and antiviral drugs that selectively interfere with viral replication.
- Herpes I â Mouth and Face Sores Herpes II â Genital Sores Shingles â Body
- Athlete's foot fungus - most commonly caused by the fungi Trichophyton rubrum or T. mentagrophytes,
- Scabies is one of the three most common skin disorders in children, along with tinea and pyoderma.[4] As of 2010 it affects approximately 100 million people (1.5% of the population) and is equally common in both genders.[5] The mites are distributed around the world and equally infect all ages, races, and socioeconomic classes in different climates.[11] Scabies is more often seen in crowded areas with unhygienic living conditions.[33] Globally as of 2009, an estimated 300 million cases of scabies occur each year, although various parties claim the figure is either over- or underestimated.[9][34] About 1â10% of the global population is estimated to be infected with scabies, but in certain populations, the infection rate may be as high as 50â80%.[4] Lice Once laid, it takes 7-10 days for a nit to hatch. With another 7-10 days the female matures and begins laying her own eggs. Head lice live for approximately 30 days on a host and a female louse may lay up to 100 nits.
- Transmitted through a chain (six links) Pathogen - disease causing microorganism Reservoir - natural environment of the pathogen: Person, animal or environmental component Portal of Exit Means of transmission Direct transmission Indirect transmission Portal of entry Penetration of the skin Inhalation Ingestion
- The most important lessons in life were taught in kindergarten
- Level 1: Monitoring and Assessment- Â During the ânormal course of business,â Pogo Mine operations shall always be operating under a minimum âLevel-1â model, in which on-site Health, Safety, and Risk Managers are responsible for monitoring both internal and external conditions that could potentially lead to a pandemic workforce disruption. Internal factors refer to those conditions and circumstances that would tend to initiate or propagate the spread of an illness from within the confines of the Pogo Mine Camp. Examples of internal efforts would focus primarily upon: Â Monitoring the health of on-site employees; with medical staff remaining watchful for indications of the introduction and/or spread of a potentially harmful virus; Â Monitoring the cleanliness and housekeeping of camp facilities, particularly among food-service and common-use areas, where viruses can most easily spread. Level 2: Escalation and Triggering Events- Â During the course of monitoring and assessing the internal and external information as described in Level 1, the Pogo Mine Health and Safety Department may elect to implement heightened prevention, mitigation, and/or containment strategies based upon the presentation of certain pre-identified âtriggering events.â Such triggers could likely include, but are not necessarily limited to, the following observed conditions: Â Outbreak of an apparent food-borne or other contagious virus at the Pogo Mine Camp; Â Reports of significant illness in regions where Pogo Mine employees are scheduled to be traveling to or from; Â Observations of multiple employees developing symptoms of a suspected imported virus while in camp; Â Notification from off-site employees regarding their development of viral symptoms; Â Notification from suppliers/contractors advising of potential disruption in their own operations due to significant employee absenteeism as a result of a localized virus; Â Â Issuance of travel-restrictions or other cautionary advisements by the Alaska DHSS Division of Public Health, U.S. Centers for Disease Control, and/or World Health Organization. Level 3: Crisis Management Team Activation and Implementation- When it appears that the number of employees becoming sick at Pogo Mine has the potential to cause a significant disruption to production and/or critical support-services (i.e. Finance, I.T., etc.), the General Manager may choose to activate the Crisis Management Team (CMT) to assist with management for the duration of the event. Similarly, if events in other regions are projected to pose serious challenges to employeeâs movement to and from site, and/or disrupt key components of Pogo Mineâs supply-chain, the General Manager may choose to activate the CMT.
- Photo- Strep Bacteria were among the first life forms to appear on earth, and are present in soil, fresh water, ocean, animals and humans. There are typically 40 million bacterial cells in a gram of soil There are approximately ten times as many bacterial cells in the body as there are human cells in the body Most of the bacteria in the body are rendered harmless by the immune system, and some are beneficial. bacteria are important in sewage treatment, the breakdown of oil spills, the production of cheese and yogurt, and the recovery of gold, copper and other metals in the mining sector Although bacteria and viruses are both too small to be seen without a microscope, they're as different as giraffes and goldfish. Bacteria are relatively complex, single-celled creatures with a rigid wall and a thin, rubbery membrane surrounding the fluid inside the cell. They can reproduce on their own. Fossilized records show that bacteria have existed for about 3.5 billion years, and bacteria can survive in different environments, including extreme heat and cold, radioactive waste, and the human body. Most bacteria are harmless, and some actually help by digesting food, destroying disease-causing microbes, fighting cancer cells, and providing essential nutrients. Fewer than 1% of bacteria cause diseases in people.
- Viruses depend on the host cells that they infect to reproduce. When found outside of host cells, viruses exist as a protein coat or capsid, sometimes enclosed within a membrane. The capsid encloses either DNA or RNA which codes for the virus elements. While in this form outside the cell, the virus is metabollically inert; examples of such forms are pictured below. When it comes into contact with a host cell, a virus can insert its genetic material into its host, literally taking over the host's functions. An infected cell produces more viral protein and genetic material instead of its usual products. Some viruses may remain dormant inside host cells for long periods, causing no obvious change in their host cells (a stage known as the lysogenic phase). But when a dormant virus is stimulated, it enters the lytic phase: new viruses are formed, self-assemble, and burst out of the host cell, killing the cell and going on to infect other cells. The diagram below at right shows a virus that attacks bacteria, known as the lambda bacteriophage, which measures roughly 200 nanometers. Viruses are about a thousand times smaller than bacteria, and bacteria are much smaller than most human cells. Viruses are so small that most cannot be seen with a light microscope, but must be observed with an electron microscope. The sequence of events that occurs when you come down with the flu or a cold is a good demonstration of how a virus works: An infected person sneezes near you. You inhale the virus particle, and it attaches to cells lining the sinuses in your nose. The virus attacks the cells lining the sinuses and rapidly reproduces new viruses. The host cells break, and new viruses spread into your bloodstream and also into your lungs. Because you have lost cells lining your sinuses, fluid can flow into your nasal passages and give you a runny nose. Viruses in the fluid that drips down your throat attack the cells lining your throat and give you a sore throat. Viruses in your bloodstream can attack muscle cells and cause you to have muscle aches. Your immune system responds to the infection, and in the process of fighting, it produces chemicals called pyrogens that cause your body temperature to increase. This fever actually helps you to fight the infection by slowing down the rate of viral reproduction, because most of your body's chemical reactions have an optimal temperature of 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit (37 degrees Celsius). If your temperature rises slightly above this, the reactions slow down. This immune response continues until the viruses are eliminated from your body. However, if you sneeze, you can spread thousands of new viruses into the environment to await another host. Most viruses are too small to be seen by the human eye or an optical microscope with the average virus about one one-hundredth the size of the average bacterium. A virus is a very small pathogen that only replicates inside a living cell of other organisms Viruses use their host organism for survival Viruses are tinier: the largest of them are smaller than the smallest bacteria. All they have is a protein coat and a core of genetic material, either RNA or DNA. Unlike bacteria, viruses can't survive without a host. They can only reproduce by attaching themselves to cells. In most cases, they reprogram the cells to make new viruses until the cells burst and die. In other cases, they turn normal cells into malignant or cancerous cells. Also unlike bacteria, most viruses do cause disease, and they're quite specific about the cells they attack. For example, certain viruses attacks cells in the liver, respiratory system, or blood. In some cases, viruses target bacteria. Virulence Some viruses can cause lifelong or chronic infections, where the viruses continue to replicate in the body. Other viruses are fought off by our bodies immune system Viral infections in animals provoke an immune response that usually eliminates the infecting virus. Immune responses can also be produced by vaccines Viruses cannot be âcuredâ although there are vaccinations for some. Viruses spread in many ways;  Coughing and sneezing Fecal/oral route Person to person by contact Entering the body in food or water. Sexual contact Exposure to infected blood. Prevention and treatment Because viruses use vital metabolic pathways within host cells to replicate, they are difficult to eliminate without using drugs that cause toxic effects to host cells in general. The most effective medical approaches to viral diseases are vaccinations to provide immunity to infection, and antiviral drugs that selectively interfere with viral replication. Because a virus is merely a set of genetic instructions surrounded by a protein coat, and because it does not carry out any biochemical reactions of its own, viruses can live for years or longer outside a host cell. Some viruses can "sleep" inside the genetic instructions of the host cells for years before reproducing. For example, a person infected with HIV can live without showing symptoms of AIDS for years, but he or she can still spread the virus to others.
- Athlete's foot fungus - most commonly caused by the fungi Trichophyton rubrum or T. mentagrophytes, Athleteâs foot, ringworm, jock itch, diaper rash, thrush and vaginal yeast infections are all common caused by fungi. In industry, Fungi are used in beer making (yeast) and pharmaceuticals (antibiotics)