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Antimicrobials 1 Lec

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This document summarizes beta lactam antibiotics and other cell wall-active antibiotics. It discusses the history, structure, mechanisms of action, and classifications of penicillins. It provides details on specific penicillins including their spectra of activity, pharmacokinetics, dosages and adverse effects. The document covers key classes of beta lactam antibiotics including penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems, and other cell wall synthesis inhibitors.

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BETA LACTAM & OTHER CELL WALL- & MEMBRANE ACTIVE ANTIBIOTICS MA. LENY ALDA G. JUSAYAN, MD DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOLOGY
Introduction ,[object Object]
History ,[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Structure ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
Chemical Properties of Penicillins ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Chemical Properties of Penicillins ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
 
thiazolidine ring (A) connected to a b-lactam ring (B), to which is attached a side chain (R).
[object Object],[object Object]
Cell Wall production ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object]
[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
 
 
Beta Lactam Antibiotics & Other Cell Wall Synthesis Inhibitors ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Classification ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
PENICILLINS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
PENICILLINS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Penicillinase Susceptible ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Penicillinase Susceptible ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Penicillinase Susceptible ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Mechanisms of Action: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
Mechanisms of Drug Actions by Enzyme Inhibition: ,[object Object]
:Mechanisms of Resistance: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
Resistance to β-Lactams – Gram pos.
PHARMACOKINETICS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object]
Parenteral Administration of Penicillin G ,[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
PHARMACOKINETICS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
ADVERSE EFFECTS: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
ADVERSE EFFECTS: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Specific toxicities ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Specific toxicities ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Unitage of Penicillin ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Penicillin G ,[object Object],[object Object]
Penicillin G ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
B. Procaine Penicillin G – IM ,[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
D. Penicillin V ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
E. Ampicillin and Amoxicillin ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
E. Ampicillin and Amoxicillin ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Ampicillin doses: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
F. ESTERS OF AMPICILLIN ,[object Object],[object Object]
G. CARBOXYPENICILLINS and UREIDOPENICILLINS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
H. PENICILLINASE RESISTANT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
H. PENICILLINASE RESISTANT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Drug-drug Interactions ,[object Object],[object Object]
Classification of the Penicillins and Summary of Their Pharmacological Properties ,[object Object]
[object Object]
[object Object]
Cephalosporins   First Generation        Second Generation     Third Generation       Fourth Generation                      * Oral Agent Cefadroxil *   Cefaclor * Cefdinir Cefepime   Cefazolin    Cefamandole  Cefoperaxone    Cefpirome   Cefelixin *   Cefonicid  Cefotaxime     Cephalothin    Ceforanide Ceftazidime     Cephaprin    Cefotetan Ceftibuten     Cephradine *   Cefoxitin  Ceftizoxime       Cefuroxime moxalactam Ceftriaxone
CEPHALOSPORINS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CEPHALOSPORINS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Cephalosporins ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CEPHALOSPORINS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
GENERAL PROPERTIES OF CEPHALOSPORINS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
GENERAL PROPERTIES OF CEPHALOSPORINS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CEPHALOSPORINS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CEPHALOSPORINS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CEPHALOSPORINS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CEPHALOSPORINS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CEPHALOSPORINS ,[object Object],[object Object]
CEPHALOSPORINS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
THIRD GENERATION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
THIRD GENERATION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
THIRD GENERATION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
THIRD GENERATION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CEPHALOSPORINS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CEPHALOSPORINS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
ADVERSE EFFECTS of Cephalosporins ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
ADVERSE EFFECTS of Cephalosporins ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
MONOBACTAMS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Monobactam ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object]
MONOBACTAMS ,[object Object],[object Object]
BETA LACTAMASE INHIBITORS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
BETA LACTAMASE INHIBITORS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Carbapenems ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Imipenem: ,[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Meropenem ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CARBAPENEMS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CARBAPENEMS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
A. VANCOMYCIN ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
A. VANCOMYCIN ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
A. VANCOMYCIN ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
B. FOSFOMYCIN ,[object Object],[object Object]
B. FOSFOMYCIN ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
C. BACITRACIN ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
D. CYCLOSERINE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
POST-TEST ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Pancreatic disease
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Liver disease
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Antimicrobials 1 Lec

  • 1. BETA LACTAM & OTHER CELL WALL- & MEMBRANE ACTIVE ANTIBIOTICS MA. LENY ALDA G. JUSAYAN, MD DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOLOGY
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  • 11. thiazolidine ring (A) connected to a b-lactam ring (B), to which is attached a side chain (R).
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  • 35. Resistance to β-Lactams – Gram pos.
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  • 64. Cephalosporins   First Generation        Second Generation     Third Generation       Fourth Generation                      * Oral Agent Cefadroxil *   Cefaclor * Cefdinir Cefepime   Cefazolin    Cefamandole  Cefoperaxone    Cefpirome   Cefelixin *   Cefonicid  Cefotaxime     Cephalothin    Ceforanide Ceftazidime     Cephaprin    Cefotetan Ceftibuten     Cephradine *   Cefoxitin  Ceftizoxime       Cefuroxime moxalactam Ceftriaxone
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