Language and communication can be studied from several perspectives. Language evolved from early hominid calls and gestures and allows humans to communicate about things not present. Nonverbal communication conveys meaning through signs, body language and gestures which vary across cultures. The structure of language includes phonology, morphology, syntax and lexicon. Sociolinguistics examines how social factors influence language variation and use. Historical linguistics studies how languages have changed over long periods of time.

1. Language & Communication

5. HUMAN LANGUAGE PRIMATE CALL SYSTEMS HAS THE CAPACITY TO SPEAK OF THINGS AND EVENTS THAT ARE NOT PRESENT. ARE STIMULI-DEPENDENT, THE FOOD CALL WILL BE MADE ONLY IN THE PRESENCE OF FOOD; IT CANNOT BE FAKED. HAS THE CAPACITY TO GENERATE NEW EXPRESSIONS BY COMBINING OTHER EXPRESSIONS. CONSISTS OF A LIMITED NUMBER OF CALLS THAT CANNOT BE COMBINED TO PRODUCE NEW CALLS. IS GROUP SPECIFIC IN THAT ALL HUMANS HAVE THE CAPACITY FOR LANGUAGE, BUT EACH LINGUISTIC COMMUNITY HAS ITS OWN LANGUAGE, WHICH IS CULTURALLY TRANSMITTED. TENDS TO BE SPECIES SPECIFIC, WITH LITTLE VARIATION AMONG COMMUNITIES OF THE SAME SPECIES FOR EACH CALL.

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